10/10/2008 Nobel Laureate, «Father
of Modern Cell Biology» George Palade Dies at Age 95 Nobel Laureate George Palade (pronounced «pa - LAH - dee»), M.D., considered the father
of modern cell biology, died at home on Tuesday, October 7 at age 95 after a long illness.
A pioneer
of modern cell biology used cell fractionation and electron microscopy to describe subcellular structures.
Trouble is, creationists likely wouldn't accept anything less than the creation
of a modern cell as evidence of abiogenesis.
Lie4Him, Schweitzer, one of the first scientists to use the tools
of modern cell biology to study dinosaurs, has upended the conventional wisdom by showing that some rock - hard fossils tens of millions of years old may have remnants of soft tissues hidden away in their interiors.
The origins
of all modern cells occurred in deep time of the Archaean.
Not exact matches
The group already produces electric motors, which turn the wheels, as well as battery
cells in - house, and is investing heavily in software development, an increasingly important part
of modern cars.
The location - sharing practice does not appear to be limited to any particular type
of Android phone or tablet; Google was apparently collecting
cell tower data from all
modern Android devices before being contacted by Quartz.
The theory
of societies, like
modern general systems theory, pictures a world made up
of societies within societies (systems within systems) That is, societies do not just line up side by side like mosaics — they form «nested hierarchies» that go from subatomic particles through
cells to animal bodies, or through stars to galaxies.
«In its 4.6 billion years circling the sun, the Earth has harbored an increasing diversity
of life forms: for the last 3.6 billion years, simple
cells (prokaryotes); for the last 3.4 billion years, cyanobacteria performing ph - otosynthesis; for the last 2 billion years, complex
cells (eukaryotes); for the last 1 billion years, multicellular life; for the last 600 million years, simple animals; for the last 550 million years, bilaterians, animals with a front and a back; for the last 500 million years, fish and proto - amphibians; for the last 475 million years, land plants; for the last 400 million years, insects and seeds; for the last 360 million years, amphibians; for the last 300 million years, reptiles; for the last 200 million years, mammals; for the last 150 million years, birds; for the last 130 million years, flowers; for the last 60 million years, the primates, for the last 20 million years, the family H - ominidae (great apes); for the last 2.5 million years, the genus H - omo (human predecessors); for the last 200,000 years, anatomically
modern humans.»
To quote Ayala and Kiger's textbook,
Modern Genetics: «There is no way
of knowing whether a given gene will mutate in a particular
cell or in a particular generation,» because the mutations «are unoriented with respect to adaptation.»
(1) human life (2) animal life (3) vegetable life (4) single living
cells (5) large scale inorganic aggregates
of occasions (6) energy - events disclosed by
modern physics
Wesley's emphasis on the small group — most famously, his disciplined, close - knit «CLASS meetings» — has shaped the landscape
of modern American spirituality through «
cell groups,» Bible studies, and many other small - group modes
of fellowship and worship.
I'd bet that 90 %
of those who know enough basic biology to write a short essay on
cell mitosis and DNA replication would also say «evolution is obvious and is the basis for
of all
of modern biology».
Despite its demonization as a right wing Christian rejection
of modern science if not modernity as a whole, the language
of Bush's order manages to acknowledge the serious and profound ethical dilemmas that surround stem
cell research and to clearly articulate both the scientific and moral principles that ground its decisions.
Modern psychosomatic medicine has made some progress in analyzing along these lines; for example, it seems quite possible that the emotional tone
of my soul may directly alter the patterns
of physical feeling in my stomach.4 Still, we should not suppose too quickly that the aims
of a human personality have any very effective direct influence on the molecules
of body
cells, other than those in the brain.
Power goes out and
cell phone towers go down, making most
modern forms
of staying in touch with one another difficult.
Obama's elevation
of bodily suffering above all other considerations, as he articulates it in his remarks to the press following his new executive order on stem
cell research, is clearly an expression
of this Cartesian legacy,
of a
modern science pregnant with moral attachments.
Oranges and lemons are each great sources
of antioxidants, which help to prevent many
modern - day diseases and keep all
of your healthy
cells untouched by toxins and foreign invaders.
Aside from the basics and generic marvels
of modern invention (roof over my head, car,
cell phones, internet, elevators, dishwashers, tampons, etc, etc), in my own life and particular circumstances I'm especially grateful for my Ergo baby carrier, very involved and very good Grandparents on both sides, a very involved and very amazing husband, and the luxury
of eating out more often than I should.
Same for gay rights, stem
cells, the Drug War, prayer in schools, creationism, and a lot
of the other defining issues
of modern US conservatism.
Planning board chairman Drew Boggess, a Rotron engineer and manager, was nominated by his wife Judith and again seconded by Horner, who noted his background as someone familiar with technical aspects
of modern life... a theme quietly played out over the evening as some noted Rozzelle's unfamiliarity with and distaste for voice mail,
cell phones and email.
«One issue here is that if a mutation occurs in less than 20 percent
of the
cells, it's hard to detect by
modern methods,» he says.
Thought to have disappeared from the ancestors
of modern pigs about 20 million years ago, the gene helps
cells dissipate more heat and burn fat.
The child's UCSF physician told her that the university probably still had a sample
of the
cells and suggested that
modern testing might make things clearer.
The consequences
of modern life, eating and staying up later, shift work,
cell phone addiction, and travel across time zones, all disturb internal clocks.
At some point, Martin speculates, the bacterium gave the archaean a gene for membrane synthesis, leading to a bubbling up
of membrane within the host
cell, something like what happens when
modern eukaryotes divide and then reform their nucleus from membrane pieces grown inside them.
The finding could help engineers and materials scientists produce solar
cells and other opto - electronics without the help
of the high temperatures required to shape glass today — making this ancient arrangement a boon for
modern technology.
Most
of Dodgeball's interactions rely on the basic text - messaging features built into
modern cell phones.
It definitively bridges the gap between viruses and
cells — a gap that was proclaimed as dogma at the very outset
of modern virology back in the 1950s.
With more than 10,000 pieces
of data being collected about each individual
cell,
modern computers are essential in achieving the level
of sensitivity needed for this type
of research.»
Weissman - Unni's images took first place in a 2006 contest sponsored by the Barcelona Science Museum and have been featured everywhere from an online photo gallery for the journal
Cell to the Web site
of the Museum
of Modern Art.
In addition to emphasizing the recruitment
of graduate students, American universities have a number
of on - campus service facilities such as
modern research labs, well - stocked reagent rooms, and
cell culture facilities.
The final guidelines on research with human embryonic stem
cells issued on Monday by the National Institutes
of Health set out criteria for determining which ES
cell lines can be used in federally funded experiments and give NIH discretion to approve old lines that don't meet stringent
modern ethical requirements.
In order to locate all gene switches, the Freiburg research team used
modern sequencing methods to examine the entire genome — DNA, epigenetic markers and RNA — during the development, maturation and disease
of human cardiac muscle
cells.
Modern genetics has revealed that much
of the diversity
of life on Earth is found in single -
celled organisms that reproduce asexually by splitting in two — thus flummoxing the definition.
But in
modern cells, proteins are used to make the components
of the code.
As a result, they say, the origin
of the first eukaryotic
cell has remained «one
of the most enduring mysteries in
modern biology.»
If so, then
modern eukaryote
cells could be the product
of geologically rare conditions.»
Researchers, tackling a
modern challenge
of diabetes research, have identified a gene believed to disrupt the ability
of beta
cells to produce insulin resulting in type 1 diabetes.
Modern cells use RNA to make proteins, the workhorses
of cellular function, but RNA likely preceded both proteins and DNA.
In
modern cells, that process involves 1,000 genes, all
of which cost a lot
of energy to produce, he said.
Scientists are exploring ways to develop transparent or semi-transparent solar
cells as a substitute for glass walls in
modern buildings with the aim
of harnessing solar energy.
This process
of activating oxygen molecules by adding electrons is ubiquitous — all living organisms use this trick, and
modern fuel
cells also work in this way.
Researchers sequenced ancient DNA from the mitochondria — the tiny energy factories inside
cells — from a Neandertal that lived at least 100,000 years ago in southwest Germany, and found that its mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) resembled that
of modern humans.
From there it's a matter
of getting the hybrid
cell to grow in a surrogate, hoping all the genes work harmoniously together, bringing the hybrid to term, and hoping it acts like the extinct species even though it was raised by a
modern relative.
Dr Nick Lane (UCL Biosciences) who led the study said, «I find this work just beautiful — it constrains a sequence
of steps going from the strange
cell that seems to have been the ancestor
of all life today, right through to the deep division between
modern cells.
«The success
of our technology, in combination with
modern anti-reflection coatings, will take us a long way down the path towards highly efficient and thin solar
cells that could be available at a competitive price.»
Scales are visible to the naked eye; more remarkable, electron microscopy reveals double - layered skin similar to that
of modern animals, and possibly even the outlines
of cells.
A paper to be published this week in The Plant
Cell reveals the answer to the long - standing question
of how black rice became black and, moreover, traces the history
of the trait from its molecular origin to its spread into
modern - day varieties
of rice.
The majority
of modern fuel
cells, specifically those used for automotive applications, are proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel
cells, which functions by exchanging protons across an acidic polymer membrane to produce electricity and heat.