See First Images
of Nanobubbles
If a hydrate dissociates fast enough, it leads to the formation
of nanobubbles.
Not exact matches
Gaining a better understanding
of how
nanobubbles impact their formation and dissociation could help design procedures to more efficiently and safely harvest hydrates for natural gas capture.
Quite apart from anything else, basic physics said that the «
nanobubbles» at the heart
of Pan's magic brew simply don't exist.
«If the decomposition
of the methane hydrate phase is fast enough, which depends on temperature, the methane gas in the aqueous phase forms
nanobubbles,» said Saman Alavi, one
of the lead researchers on the project.
The in vivo performance
of plasmonic
nanobubbles as cell theranostic agents in zebrafish hosting prostate cancer xenografts.
An increase in the sensitivity
of scattering imaging can be achieved through generating PNBs around NPs, as we demonstrate above, because the scattering
of such vapor
nanobubbles is brighter than that
of gold NPs [37,38,47,51].
We conclude that the suggested method
of cell theranostics with «rainbow plasmonic
nanobubbles» demonstrates the following advantages over other methods
of photothermal excitation
of plasmonic NPs and PNBs:
This feature also reduces the fluence
of each laser pulse below the threshold for a
nanobubble generated through a «single pulse - mono - NP» mechanism.
When the threshold is exceeded, the optical energy is converted in the NP by the mechanism
of plasmon resonance into a sufficient amount
of thermal energy that is rapidly transferred to the NP nano - environment, evaporates this nano - environment, and provides the expansion
of the vapor into the
nanobubble.
This mechanism works through the selective formation
of NP clusters (tightly aggregated groups
of 5 - 50 NPs) in specifically targeted cells and the cluster size - dependent mechanism
of optical activation
of such NP clusters through the generation
of plasmonic
nanobubbles (PNBs)[35 - 38].
Nanobubble source: clusters
of different NPs, rather than clusters
of NPs
of one type.
The tunable physical and biological effects
of selective targeting and activation
of plasmonic
nanobubbles (PNB) were studied in a heterogeneous biological microenvironment
of prostate cancer and stromal cells.
The mechanism
of rainbow plasmonic
nanobubbles significantly improves the selectivity
of bubble generation in specific target cancer cells compared to non-specific stromal (non-cancer) cells and can therefore provide the cell level selectivity needed for diagnosis and therapy.