«We see the evidence
of nanoflare heating, but we don't know where they occur,» Caspi said.
The research evidence presented by the panel spotted this super hot solar material, called plasma, representative
of a nanoflare.
The shaking from Alfvén waves and the flickers
of nanoflares could not only loosen up the tangled skein of magnetism, but also transfer heat high up into the corona.
Hoping to build up a more complete picture
of nanoflares and their contribution to coronal heating, Glesener is leading a team to launch a third iteration of the FOXSI instrument on a sounding rocket in summer 2018.
One of the consequences
of nanoflares would be pockets of superheated plasma.
Bradshaw used a sophisticated computational model to demonstrate why spotting signatures
of the nanoflares has been so difficult and how the new evidence will help researchers go forward to improve theories on the details of coronal heating - one day allowing heliophysics researchers to at last solve the coronal heating mystery.
Not exact matches
Those speedy electrons also can be generated by scaled - down versions
of flares called
nanoflares, which are about a billion times less energetic than regular solar flares.
These
nanoflares and nanojets would be like solar flares but with a billionth
of the energy.
In April, scientists announced the main reason: small bursts
of magnetic energy called
nanoflares, which temporarily heat pockets
of gas to 20 million degrees.
«[These observations] confirm that
nanoflares exist and heat at least some
of the corona,» says Klimchuk.
Instead, many
nanoflares, a million times weaker than traditional solar flares but still packing enough
of a punch to meet the United States» energy needs for a year, were acting in concert to heat the corona, the team reports today in Nature Astronomy.
But in this case, there was no observable solar flare, meaning the hot material was most likely produced by a series
of solar flares so small that they were undetectable from Earth:
nanoflares.
In aggregate, these
nanoflares could produce enough heat to raise the temperature
of the corona to the millions
of degrees that we observe.
The NASA - funded FOXSI instrument captured new evidence
of small solar flares, called
nanoflares, during its December 2014 flight on a suborbital sounding rocket.
«The
NanoFlare turns on a light in the cancer cells you are looking for,» said Thaxton, an assistant professor
of urology at Feinberg.
The
NanoFlare technology is the first genetic - based approach that is able to detect live circulating tumor cells out
of the complex matrix that is human blood — no easy feat.
Cheng, an assistant professor
of medicine in hematology / oncology at Feinberg, provided the cell lines and
NanoFlare targets the researchers used to model blood samples taken from breast cancer patients.
The EUNIS spectrograph was tuned into a range
of wavelengths useful for spotting material at temperatures
of 18 million F, the temperatures that signify
nanoflares.
While the sounding rocket experiments observed the energy produced by these
nanoflares, NuSTAR is also able to look for the X-ray signatures
of energetic particles.
«The explosions are called
nanoflares because they have one - billionth the energy
of a regular flare,» said Klimchuk.
In this way,
nanoflares may also be the missing link responsible for untangling the chaotic mess
of magnetic field lines on the surface
of the Sun, explaining why the corona has neat loops and smooth fans
of magnetic fields.