Sentences with phrase «of neural»

The team found that people have large numbers of neural stem cells and progenitors early in life — an average of 1618 young neurons per square millimeter of brain tissue at birth.

Henderson likened the resulting improved resolution of neural sensing, compared with that of older - generation BCIs, to that of handing out applause meters to individual members of a studio audience rather than just stationing them on the ceiling, «so you can tell just how hard and how fast each person in the audience is clapping.»

He has joined the Mosers at the Trondheim Kavli Institute, which is now buzzing with six additional research groups, each working on different aspects of neural circuitry and coding.

U.S. Army - funded researchers at Brandeis University have discovered a process for engineering next - generation soft materials with embedded chemical networks that mimic the behavior of neural tissue.

John Pavlus asks whether the success of neural networks leaves anything for human physicists (28 October, p 36).

Outside the abstract world of neural coding, grid cells have another major relevance — in understanding memory and its loss.

Yet scientists have never mapped that whole web of neural contact, known as the connectome.

$ 20 million for the National Science Foundation (NSF), to support research into the development of nanoscale probes that can record the activity of neural networks; information processing technology that can handle the flood of data generated by BRAIN research; and better understanding of the neural representation of thoughts, emotions, actions, and memories

PERCEPTRON An early type of neural network, developed in the 1950s.

In fact, one of the neural networks they tested was designed to work on iPhones.

«There are patterns at every stage of life that are different from the patterns at other stages, and with the system we created we can see that really clearly in ways that are surprisingly complex and robust,» says Bargmann, who is the Torsten I. Wiesel Professor and head of the Lulu and Anthony Wang Laboratory of Neural Circuits and Behavior.

This goes far beyond recent applications of neural networks in astrophysics, which were limited to solving classification problems, such as determining whether an image shows a gravitational lens or not.

In the pilot study, published in today's Journal of Neural Engineering, participants» short - term memory performance showed a 35 to 37 percent improvement over baseline measurements.

A basic tenet of neural development is that young neurons make far more connections than they will actually use, with very little specificity.

New devices are being developed by Medtronic and other medical device companies that can allow both stimulation and monitoring of the neural activity which can facilitate tuning of the parameters and even delivery of stimulation triggered by neural activity.

If you think of this neural net as a sequence of steps, where you're processing information at each step and feeding it to the next one, then one of the goals from the algorithmic standpoint is to reduce that to the smallest number of steps yet get the same results.

Dr. Britt obtained these results using optogenetics, which use light - responsive proteins to study the activation of neural circuits in distinct locations, allowing the researcher to precisely dissect the roles of different neural circuits in the brain.

«To reach their target, growing axons rely on molecules known as guidance cues, which instruct them on which direction to take by repelling or attracting them to their destination,» explains Dr. Charron, Director of the Molecular Biology of Neural Development research unit at the IRCM.

They hypothesize that triggering stimulation at a particular phase of a neural oscillation may be more effective at suppressing the pathological activity than periodic stimulation.

In 1995, Hinton and colleagues proposed that sleep serves the same function as the baseline component of the algorithm, the rate of neural activity in the absence of input.

So their rise has spawned a field some call «AI neuroscience»: an effort to open up the black box of neural networks, building confidence in the insights that they yield.

It's possible that excessive or inappropriate «pruning» of neural connections could lead to the development of schizophrenia, the researchers speculated.

Early learning, says Eric Knudsen, generates the formation of neural connections that can be reactivated in adulthood.

But in ACS Central Science, researchers reveal that an enzyme already implicated in a host of neural disorders could someday serve as a biomarker.

Axons, the long projections of neural cells which form the nerves of our peripheral nervous system, are like electrical cables: they have thick electrical insulation so that they can quickly relay stimuli from the body and signals from the brain to a toe, for example.

In addition, we were able to differentiate these cells into neurons — and that's a characteristic of all neural crest - derived tissue and its progenitors»

A review of research on the DMN led by Mary Helen Immordino - Yang at the University of Southern California found that a particular style of neural processing is suppressed when we pay direct attention to things, and it emerges when the brain switches to default mode.

Environmental «noise» is a key evolutionary pressure that shapes the interconnections within cells, as well as those of neural networks and bacterial / ecological networks, they observe in a paper to be published online April 30 by the Journal of the Royal Society Interface.

In autism, poor scores correlate with an overabundance of neural chatter within the prefrontal region, associated with cognition and decision - making.

The neural mechanisms that control the accuracy and stability of the subjects» tapping operate below the level of conscious attention, the researchers claim, and reflect the precision of neural firing itself.

This supports the idea of neural assemblies.

Bruce McNaughton, director of the Division of Neural Systems, Memory and Aging at the University of Arizona, believes the new work adds another piece to the puzzle, but does not believe it is a breakthrough.

In areas of the brain previously linked to IQ, the star percussionists also had more white matter — the fatty material that sheathes connections between neurons and boosts signal speed — indicating a larger amount of neural hookups there.

«So much effort in this field of neural engineering has focused on decoding information from the brain.

Tools developed via the Brain Activity Map may monitor vast ensembles of neurons as they fire — bringing static maps of neural circuits to life (shown above).

One potential BRAIN goal is to inventory, for the first time, all the types of neural cells — there may be as many as a thousand in a mouse brain alone.

This video shows ventral and lateral maximum - intensity projections of the SiMView time - lapse recording of the nuclei - labeled Drosophila embryo, superimposed with green spheres marking the location, movements and divisions of neural precursors from the blastoderm stage up to 5 h after egg laying.

In this new study, subjects were first screened for mental and physical health and then underwent MRI spectroscopy scans designed to detect the concentration of neural compounds in specific regions of their brain.

After creating some of the Neural Bytes apps, including a neural network simulator, Ulloa contacted principal investigators at NIH to discuss working together.

The MIT researchers» chip brings in a single node of the neural network at a time, but it passes the data from 32 consecutive 10 - millisecond increments through it.

Although many parameters of a neural network are determined during the training process, initial model configurations must be set manually.

This new understanding would not only protect people from being denied access to treatment for mental illness but would also protect all of us from harmful manipulations of our neural activity through the misuse of technology.

Brain Institute demonstrates in songbirds the necessity of this neural circuit to learn vocalizations at a young age, a finding that expands the scientific understanding of some contributing factors in speech disorders in humans.

Striatum: In mice without bacteria, the flux of the neural messengers dopamine and serotonin is altered in the striatum, a brain area involved in movement and emotional responses.

«After repeated attempts, your brain gets better at recreating that pattern of neural activity, and you get better at the game.»

The translation relies on a decoder, an algorithm that infers the movement intentions of the user from the patterns of their neural activity.

Movements and divisions of neural precursors in the early Drosophila embryonic nervous system (with SiMView data)

Clinicians have a potential source of neural cells for treating stroke or Parkinson?s victims, and pancreas cells for treating diabetes patients.

His theory prefigured computer models of neural networks

«This study illustrates a potentially important link between exercise and the development of these neural pathways,» Booth said.