The distribution
of nitrogen atoms after the dissociation allowed the identification of the «active sites» for this reaction, which are formed by the low - coordinated, top metal atoms of atomic steps.
To manufacture it, tightly bound pairs
of nitrogen atoms must be split and then recombined with hydrogen.
Also of note is this answer on the physics stack exchange which says that the blue color of air sparks comes from ionization
of nitrogen atoms.
Not exact matches
Scientists can determine where an individual piece
of meat comes from using a technique called isotope analysis, looking at the specific fingerprints
of carbon, hydrogen, and
nitrogen atoms to see where a cow lived.
If you watched an
atom of carbon 14 undergo beta decay to an
atom of nitrogen 14, what was the cause for that
atom of nitrogen 14?
These acids in turn are merely complex chains
of atoms (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,
nitrogen).
The weight
of an
atom of nitrogen was well known.
Two experimenters, the late Lord Rayleigh and the late Sir William Ramsay, found that if they obtained
nitrogen by two different methods, each equally effective for that purpose, they always observed a persistent slight difference between the average weights
of the
atoms in the two cases.
Nitrates consist
of three oxygen
atoms and one
nitrogen atom.
Carbon - 13, one tracer used to probe a variety
of geochemical processes, is typically formed when high - energy cosmic rays enter the atmosphere and strike the most abundant form
of nitrogen there —
nitrogen - 14
atoms.
There are basically two types
of lines, those produced by collisions between the
atoms or ions and the electrons in the surrounding gas, which are called collision lines, and which are very bright for elements such as oxygen,
nitrogen and neon, and lines which are produced when ions capture free electrons, which are called recombination lines, and which are bright only for those gases with the highest abundances in the interstellar medium: hydrogen and helium.
The isotope has a half - life
of approximately 5,600 years, which means that during this period, half the number
of radioactive carbon
atoms in any once - living substance will convert to
nitrogen.
Other elements — typically oxygen,
nitrogen, and hydrogen — frequently join that carbon spine, and the choice and arrangement
of those
atoms produces specific varieties
of polymers.
For example, a few
nitrogen atoms among a diamond's millions
of carbon
atoms can make the rock appear yellow or brown, while blue diamonds have been besmirched with a few boron
atoms.
They always hook up with other
atoms, and the covalent bond between two
nitrogen atoms is among the strongest
of its kind.
Like hydrogen, oxygen, and iodine,
nitrogen normally exists as two -
atom molecules in the form
of a gas at room temperature.
The atomic size and structure
of nitrogen make it an excellent choice for this purpose because it can fit naturally into a strong network
of carbon
atoms by creating bonds (sp2) in which electrons are shared by the whole network.
The widely separated cobalt
atoms are bound to a sheet
of nitrogen - doped graphene.
Graphene doped with
nitrogen and augmented with cobalt
atoms has proven to be an effective, durable catalyst for the production
of hydrogen from water, according to scientists at Rice University.
Every protein consists
of a long chain
of joined - together amino acids, which are small molecules made up
of atoms of carbon, oxygen,
nitrogen, sulfur and hydrogen.
But at high pressures and temperatures above 3,140 degrees Fahrenheit,
nitrogen atoms transform into a polymer, a chain
of single - bonded
atoms.
Two
nitrogen atoms combine to form N2 molecules that stay in the atmosphere for millions
of years.
In parallel work, Mikhail Eremets
of the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Germany found a novel bond between
atoms of nitrogen, the most common element in Earth's atmosphere.
By raising the temperature to 85 °C and adding more hydrogen, the researchers got some
of the paired
nitrogen atoms to add two more hydrogens; then, each
nitrogen atom left its partner completely to form ammonia (NH3).
The zirconium sapped the loyalty
of the electrons bonding the
nitrogen pairs, weakening the link between the two
atoms and letting hydrogen weasel in and latch onto the
nitrogen.
The team took a simple molecule — consisting
of a benzene ring with a small nitrile arm
of carbon and
nitrogen and with two iodine
atoms attached, one above and one below.
The scientists found that the reaction on Fe - ZSM - 5 is based on adsorption
of nitrogen monoxide via a positively charged oxygen
atom.
Baking that at 750 degrees Celsius (1,382 degrees Fahrenheit) in the presence
of nitrogen and hydrogen gas reduced the graphene and locked
nitrogen atoms to the surface, providing sites where ruthenium
atoms could bind.
«Those electrons are driven into the upper atmosphere, collide with
nitrogen and oxygen
atoms and molecules, and then create a spray
of secondary and tertiary radiation, likely in the form
of gamma rays,» Tobiska says.
The research team created four variants
of the engineered molecule, each
of which contained a PBA molecule with a different chemical modification, such as an
atom of fluorine and
nitrogen.
«Ruthenium is often a highly active catalyst when fixed between arrays
of four
nitrogen atoms, yet it is one - tenth the cost
of traditional platinum,» Tour said.
By focusing on
nitrogen atoms, Timothy A. Cross
of Florida State University and his co-workers were able to determine exactly how M2 functions.
On the central tree, the ants were fed with an amino acid — glycine — where the
nitrogen atom consisted
of the heavier
nitrogen 15 (15N).
Typically, and logically, a positively charged hydrogen
atom bonds to a negatively charged
atom of oxygen,
nitrogen or fluorine.
Approximately 75 percent
of compounds with medicinal uses have a
nitrogen atom.
In this case, doping refers to introducing
nitrogen atoms into the carbon structure
of graphene.
These
nitrogen atoms, although they are not part
of the graphene, can dope the lattice without destroying it.
They investigated samples
of the carbon compound enriched with the foreign
atom nitrogen on various substrate materials.
The
nitrogen - vacancy (NV) center is a defect in the atomic structure
of a diamond where one carbon
atom in the diamond lattice is replaced by a
nitrogen atom, and an adjacent site in the lattice is vacant.
Hexagonal boron nitride, stacked layers
of boron and
nitrogen atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, has recently been found to bend electromagnetic energy in unusual and potentially useful ways.
This is how the identification
of smallest magnetic fields with diamond sensors works: in the tiny diamond tip, two adjacent carbon
atoms are being removed and one
of the resulting vacancies is replaced by a
nitrogen atom.
On a yellow pad, Blackwell draws a portrait for me
of a prototypical quorum - sensing signal molecule: a ring
of carbon
atoms attached to some hydrogen,
nitrogen, and oxygen
atoms, trailing off in a long tail composed
of more carbon
atoms.
In air,
nitrogen exists as a molecule made
of two
atoms stuck together by an incredibly strong triple bond.
Less energy is needed to break these bonds, and once they are broken,
atoms of nitrogen are free to form triple bonds with each other.
The six
nitrogen atoms are at the corners
of an octahedron around the Fe
atom.
The final, prolonged emission was from the breakdown
of now neutron - poor and unstable
nitrogen atoms.
In the study the researchers have modified the graphene by replacing some
of the carbon
atoms by
nitrogen atoms.
Haem, for example, consists
of four pyrrole - type rings joined by carbon bridges to form a larger ring system called a macrocycle which consists
of 20 carbon
atoms and 4
nitrogen atoms.
Also, the supernova's light spectrum shows the presence
of forms
of carbon,
nitrogen, and oxygen
atoms that are considered unprecedented.
Many members
of the team had previously reported uranium nitride and oxo complexes where the molecules are essentially the same except for swapping a single
nitrogen atom for an oxygen.