Sentences with phrase «of noise measurements»

Over the next five the seven days, the count of noise measurements higher than three sigma decibels higher than the average background noise for the street, more than doubles.

(Typically 99.7 % of all noise measurements for a given street will fall below the average plus three sigma decibels.

Not exact matches

Now, the «smart» bandage developed by the team provides direct, noninvasive measurement of tissue oxygenation by combining three simple, compact and inexpensive components: a bright sensor molecule with a long phosphorescence lifetime and appropriate dynamic range; a bandage material compatible with the sensor molecule that conforms to the skin's surface to form an airtight seal; and an imaging device capable of capturing the oxygen - dependent signals from the bandage with high signal - to - noise ratio.

That pulls in extra noise and limits the sensitivity of our measurements,» explains Takeda.

Any number of background noises can scuttle the delicate measurement — LIGO can also hear ocean waves pounding distant coastlines, airplanes flying overhead and even the seismic hum from washing machines.

The ability to control quantum noise could one day be used to improve the precision of very sensitive measurements, such as those obtained by LIGO, the Laser Interferometry Gravitational - wave Observatory, a Caltech - and - MIT - led project searching for signs of gravitational waves, ripples in the fabric of space - time.

This version of FOXSI will use new hardware to eliminate much of the background noise that the instrument sees, allowing for even more precise measurements.

Kensuke Kobayashi (Professor, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University) and Sadashige Matsuo (Assistant Professor, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo), in cooperation with research groups led by Teruo Ono (Professor, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University) and Kazuhito Tsukagoshi (Research Fellow, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science), produced graphene samples capable of forming p - n junctions by combining gate electrodes and performed precise measurements of current - fluctuation («shot noise») in the graphene p - n junction in the QH regime in the strong magnetic fields and at low temperatures.

These techniques minimize the effects of environmental noise and allow us to make much more sensitive temperature measurements.»

«Think of it as a signal - to - noise ratio — there is an inherent level of noise (technical error of measurement, day - to - day fluctuations), and only signals greater than this noise level will be apparent.»

The measured uncertainty in location capability was 16 meters, much higher than the target of 3 meters, but this metric can be improved through future noise suppression techniques, increased sensor bandwidth, and improved digital algorithms that can accurately extract distance measurements, Howe explained.

«For example, the measurements showed that a SMA8 surface that was tested in Norway in the period 2012 - 2015, and which is known to provide minor levels of noise reduction, exhibits a difference in rolling resistance of 23 per cent when comparing an EV tire manufactured by Continental (standard on electric VW Golfs) with a popular brand manufactured by Michelin,» says Berge.

When I visit Lincoln Center, I find noise up to 80 dB on the street corner outside, but after I step into the empty Tully Hall and close the door behind me, my meter bottoms out at its lower limit of 50 dB for the first time; Holden tells me his firm's measurements show that the sound level in the space is actually less than 25 dB.

Laughlin says it's frustrating that the most interesting planets — small ones like Earth — are so challenging to detect: «You have to get tons and tons and tons of velocity measurements over many years, and then you really, really have to take extreme care — as this Tuomi et al. paper does — to get rid of all the systematic noise.»

This allows the researchers to make complete measurements in a manner constrained only by the system repetition, detection rate and desired signal - to - noise ratio of the overall final measurement according to Dennett.

«The systems are tuned in such a way that at the time of measurement, our system is at the maxima or minima — the points where the effects of noise are low in general and much lower if the systems are coupled.

By taking measurements on each side of a synapse leading into the cerebral cortex, the team could measure when neurons were firing, the strength of the signal and the signal - to - noise ratio.

This noise results from the state measurement itself, since after excitation, each atom is first in a superposition of the two eigenstates and is randomly projected into one of the two states only when the measurement is performed.

The non-invasive force measurement method based on the fluctuation theorem enabled measurement by analyzing the fluctuating behavior of cargo vesicles in the cytosol subject to thermal noise and so on.

110 participants were equipped with portable ECG devices that recorded their heart rate in repeated measurements over a period of approximately six hours, and individual noise levels were also recorded.

Noise also occurs at the quantum scale and can e.g. interfere with the measurements of atomic fountain clocks or with quantum information processing.

As such, finding ways to reduce quantum noise can enhance the precision of measurement in the examples given above.

His main fields of research are quantum information and quantum optics where he has authored and co-authored papers on a broad range of topics, including work on noise reduction and microscopic lasers, quantum repeaters for long - distance quantum communication, quantum entanglement and cluster states, and measurement - based quantum computers.

Now a team of physicists including Aranya Bhattacherjee from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India and colleagues are investigating ways of improving the analysis of quantum noise measurement in the case of spectroscopic investigations; their preliminary findings were released in a study in EPJ D.

Effects of signal - to - noise ratio on the accuracy and reproducibility of diffusion tensor imaging - derived fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, and principal eigenvector measurements at 1.5 T.

The SPT is designed to conduct low - noise, high - resolution surveys of the sky at millimeter (mm) and submillimeter (submm) wavelengths, with the particular design goal of making ultra-sensitive measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB).

Effect of object anisotropy and noise on measurement accuracy.

Group 1: Materials, Resonators, & Resonator Circuits A. Fundamental Properties of Materials B. Micro - and Macro-Fabrication Technology for Resonators and Filters C. Theory, Design, and Performance of Resonators and Filters, including BAW, FBAR, MEMS, NEMS, SAW, and others D. Reconfigurable Frequency Control Circuits, e.g., Arrays, Channelizers Group 2: Oscillators, Synthesizers, Noise, & Circuit Techniques A. Oscillators — BAW, MEMS, and SAW B. Oscillators - Microwave to Optical C. Heterogeneously Integrated Miniature Oscillators, e.g., Single - Chip D. Synthesizers, Multi-Resonator Oscillators, and Other Circuitry E. Noise Phenomena and Aging F. Measurements and Specifications G. Timing Error in Digital Systems and Applications Group 3: Microwave Frequency Standards A. Microwave Atomic Frequency Standards B. Atomic Clocks for Space Applications C. Miniature and Chip Scale Atomic Clocks and other instrumentation D. Fundamental Physics, Fundamental Constants, & Other Applications Group 4: Sensors & Transducers A. Resonant Chemical Sensors B. Resonant Physical Sensors C. Vibratory and Atomic Gyroscopes & Magnetometers D. BAW, SAW, FBAR, and MEMS Sensors E. Transducers F. Sensor Instrumentation Group 5: Timekeeping, Time and Frequency Transfer, GNSS Applications A. TAI and Time Scales, Time and Frequency Transfer, and Algorithms B. Satellite Navigation (Galileo, GPS,...) C.Telecommunications Network Synchronization, RF Fiber Frequency Distribution D. All - optical fiber frequency transfer E. Optical free - space frequency transfer F. Frequency and Time Distribution and Calibration Services Group 6: Optical Frequency Standards and Applications A. Optical Ion and Neutral Atom Clocks B. Optical Frequency Combs and Frequency Measurements C. Ultrastable Laser Sources and Optical Frequency Distribution D. Ultrastable Optical to Microwave Conversion E. Fundamental Physics, Fundamental Constants, and Other Applications

Noise has traditionally been difficult to study in biology, because most biological techniques, such as measurement of gene activity, average the output of many cells, erasing individual variability.

It builds on several recent and ongoing research efforts to provide high - resolution measurements of behavior and behavioral response of marine mammals to human noise in their environment using controlled exposure experiments.

Taking models of galaxies from the Hubble Space Telescope Ultra Deep Field (HUDF) and applying a correction for the HUDF point spread function we generate lensed simulations of deep, opti... ▽ More We present a simulation analysis of weak gravitational lensing flexion and shear measurement using shapelet decomposition, and identify differences between flexion and shear measurement noise in deep survey data.

These involved calculating weights for the velocity time series from the measurement uncertainties and adjusting them in order to minimize the noise level of the combined data.

Abstract: We present a simulation analysis of weak gravitational lensing flexion and shear measurement using shapelet decomposition, and identify differences between flexion and shear measurement noise in deep survey data.

Noise as an Indicator of Quality of Life: Advances in Measurement of Noise and Noise Effects on Humans and Animals in the Environment — Ann Bowles and Brigitte Schulte - Fortkamp

Such an instrument performance budget is a necessity for both identifying the variety of noise sources currently limiting Doppler measurements, and estimating the achievable performance of next generation exoplanet hunting Doppler spectrometers.

You have to get tons and tons and tons of velocity measurements over many years, and then you really, really have to take extreme care — as this Tuomi et al. paper does — to get rid of all the systematic noise.»

These studies involve measurements of sounds the animals make and natural background noise, as well as sound playback experiments.

The effect of anisotropy of the object and noise measurement accuracy.

This section details the test - re-test reliability of common EMG measurements, which helps identify which factors can be manipulated to improve the signal - to - noise ratio.

The «signal» is the portion of the measurement, you are interested in, while the «noise» is that which interferes with your observing the signal.

Note that this sampling noise in the tide gauge data most likely comes from the water sloshing around in the ocean under the influence of winds etc., which looks like sea - level change if you only have a very limited number of measurement points, although this process can not actually change the true global - mean sea level.

My understanding of most of the (lets call it) skeptical positions from people like Roy Spencer is that they essentially claim exactly that: the absence of a large signal compared to noise (or natural variability) and the entire debate is essentially about the question, whether noise is a measurement / statistical problem or the very nature of climate itself?

The IPCC claims the models» global (wide) mean annual temperatures is highly correlated (0.98) with measured actual (ignoring for now the question of the validity and reliability (noise) of the measurements themselves).

Of course, on a timescale of one decade the noise in the temperature signal from internal variability and measurement uncertainty is quite large, so this might be hard to determine, though tamino showed that five year means show a monotonic increase over recent decades, and one might not unreasonably expect this to cease for a decade in a grand solar minimum scenariOf course, on a timescale of one decade the noise in the temperature signal from internal variability and measurement uncertainty is quite large, so this might be hard to determine, though tamino showed that five year means show a monotonic increase over recent decades, and one might not unreasonably expect this to cease for a decade in a grand solar minimum scenariof one decade the noise in the temperature signal from internal variability and measurement uncertainty is quite large, so this might be hard to determine, though tamino showed that five year means show a monotonic increase over recent decades, and one might not unreasonably expect this to cease for a decade in a grand solar minimum scenario.

The advantage of the ocean heat content changes for detecting climate changes is that there is less noise than in the surface temperature record due to the weather that affects the atmospheric measurements, but that has much less impact below the ocean mixed layer.

You will still SEE an increase in temperatures, but because of the poor localisation the variability is much higher and the effect of small - scale (compared to global) forcings that affect only the region you have measurements for mean that to get the signal from the noise requires more time.

Litchfield, N.Y., Wind Energy Facilities Local Law [PDF]-- prohibition of all wind turbines > 50 kW — thorough noise regulations and measurement standards

I don't think those measurements were capable of resolving the background CO2 from the noise of the in situ where it was done.

The measurement environment is hardly static, yet we are looking for small variations in the climate in the midst of all this noise and uncertainty.

If you make a hundred measurements to a precision of one degree, and the noise is independent and unbiased, their average will be accurate to a precision of a tenth of a degree.