So what is within the range
of normal infant sleep?
Not exact matches
First, circumcision is a primal wound that interferes with the maternal /
infant bond, disrupts breastfeeding and
normal sleep patterns, and undermines the baby's first developmental task
of establishing trust.
For the
normal baby bald spots due to tearing off the hair, try alternating the way your baby
sleeps during naps and at night (Just don't put your baby to
sleep belly down, due to the risk
of sudden
infant death syndrome.)
I hope that some
of this information eases some
of the common worries regarding, and provides a clearer picture
of,
normal infant sleep patterns.
She has a wealth
of experience regarding postpartum adjustment, including:
normal newborn behavior,
infant sleep, postnatal recovery, and breastfeeding.
Editor's note: In observance
of Get Better
Sleep Month this May, Attachment Parenting International brings you a 4 - part series on normal, healthy infant s
Sleep Month this May, Attachment Parenting International brings you a 4 - part series on
normal, healthy
infant sleepsleep.
Editor's note: In observance
of Get Better
Sleep Month this May, Attachment Parenting International (API) brings you a 4 - part series on normal, healthy infant s
Sleep Month this May, Attachment Parenting International (API) brings you a 4 - part series on
normal, healthy
infant sleepsleep.
Many researchers still suspect that whether light
sleep is vital for the
normal development
of the brain in all young mammals and
infants.
Positional plagiocephaly, or plagiocephaly without synostosis (PWS), can be associated with supine
sleeping position (OR: 2.5).113 It is most likely to result if the
infant's head position is not varied when placed for
sleep, if the
infant spends little or no time in awake, supervised tummy time, and if the
infant is not held in the upright position when not
sleeping.113, — , 115 Children with developmental delay and / or neurologic injury have increased rates
of PWS, although a causal relationship has not been demonstrated.113, 116, — , 119 In healthy
normal children, the incidence
of PWS decreases spontaneously from 20 % at 8 months to 3 % at 24 months
of age.114 Although data to make specific recommendations as to how often and how long tummy time should be undertaken are lacking, supervised tummy time while the
infant is awake is recommended on a daily basis.
From a biological point
of view, one question begs answering: why or how could 40 - 60 %
of otherwise healthy
infants have
sleep problems to solve and if this is percentage is anything near the truth then the cultural and or scientific models
of normal healthy
sleep that underlie our cultural ideologies must reflect far more about adults than they do about babies.
Unfortunately when
infant sleep research was begun in western countries neither breastfeeding nor
infants sleeping in the presence
of their caregivers was thought to be appropriate, healthy, or beneficial while solitary, bottle fed babies, and all the measurements derived from solitary
sleeping, bottle fed babies was thought to be
normal and healthy.
Indeed, I argue that the cultural dismantling
of the three basic components
of normal human
infant sleep i.e.
sleep position (on the back for breastfeeding which was changed to prone
sleep), feeding method (from breastfeeding to formula or cows milk, bottle feeding) and
infant sleep location (from next to the mother within sensory range to nighttime separation, a separate room) fostered and promoted the SIDS epidemic which is was limited to the industrialized, western world.
A more natural, intuitive approach to settling your child,
Sleeping Like a Baby will help you understand
normal infant sleep at each stage
of development, from birth to three years.
Mother -
Infant Cosleeping, Breastfeeding and SIDS: What Biological Anthropology Has Discovered About
Normal Infant Sleep and Pediatric
Sleep Medicine, by James J. McKenna, Helen Ball and Lee T. Gettler.Yearbook
of Physical Anthropology 50:133 - 161.
Unfortunately this implies that the pediatric
sleep research community (in general) accepts uncritically the mistaken assumption that solitary, bottle - fed
infants represent the «
normal» and / or «optimal» human
infant sleep and feeding arrangement, and the context from which measurements
of «
normal,
infant sleep» can be derived.
I find it unfortunate that we do not support mothers with pertinent information about
normal and healthy
infant sleep or ways to cope with the challenges
of nighttime parenting, and limit the discussion to differences in «parenting styles» and within the framework
of misguided cultural expectations and beliefs.
Since you are a very well - educated mother, I wonder if you were ever exposed to some
of the scholarly work on
infant sleep that says that night wakings are healthy,
normal and to be expected, and that babies are «designed» to
sleep next to their mother and nurse through the night before becoming a mother and / or before deciding to
sleep train?
A review
of the evidence relating to the
sleep practices
of parents and
infants over the last 20 years provides interesting reading and challenges
normal wisdom related to
infant sleep.
But honestly, I am okay with all
of this now that I know what
normal infant sleep is.
We receive plenty
of phone calls at the Lactation Care office from exhausted,
sleep - deprived parents with questions about
normal infant feeding and
sleeping patterns.
Nasal congestion may sound like a simple issue, but it can in fact prove to be extremely dangerous for a newborn
infant, because it would not only cause fatigue and irritability, thereby hampering
normal growth, but also cause
sleep apnea, which causes temporary moments
of not breathing when the newborn is asleep.
However, the
sleep of infants is also quite erratic, and sometimes children
sleep too much compared to
normal, the common reasons are they're in the stage
of development, teething or getting sick.
Though
normal use is not a concern, extended use — and allowing an
infant to
sleep in such devices, in particular — increases the risk
of plagiocephaly.
Remember that
sleeping with eyes open is
normal with the
infants under 12 months
of the ages.
Brainstem abnormalities that involve the medullary serotonergic (5 - hydroxytryptamine [5 - HT]-RRB- system in up to 70 %
of infants who die from SIDS are the most robust and specific neuropathologic findings associated with SIDS and have been confirmed in several independent data sets and laboratories.37, — , 40 This area
of the brainstem plays a key role in coordinating many respiratory, arousal, and autonomic functions and, when dysfunctional, might prevent
normal protective responses to stressors that commonly occur during
sleep.
Given the well - recognised importance
of close contact in establishing breastfeeding, and the need for frequent suckling, anthropologists consider that mother -
infant sleep contact is a
normal, species - typical, parenting behaviour for humans.
A small
sleeping area and the sharing
of that space with one or more adults or siblings greatly increases the risk
of the
infant becoming entrapped in bedding or smothered during
normal movements during
sleep.
Fact:» [N] ot only is violence in families pervasive but that both the children who are victims
of violence and those that witness violence that occurs between their parents suffer a great deal and are themselves at risk
of using violence as adults (Jaffe, Wolfe & Wilson, 1990; O'Keefe, 1995; Pagelow, 1993; Saunders, 1994; Johnson, 1996)...
infants suffer from having their basic needs for attachment to their mother disrupted or from having the
normal routines around
sleeping and feeding disrupted... Older children come to see violence as an appropriate way
of dealing with conflict... These children can suffer from serious emotional difficulties...»
Most interventions have included parent education about
normal sleep and
sleep cycles, advice to maximise environmental differences between day and night, and strategies to encourage
infant self - settling.7 - 10 Strategies included range from the graduated extinction method described above to encouraging parents to stretch night time feed intervals (in the hope that the
infant will self - settle) and encouraging the use
of parent - independent
sleep cues.
At the clinic, we aim to identify and treat medical causes
of infant crying, discuss
normal infant sleep and crying patterns, offer parents management strategies to encourage
infant settling, help parents to better cope with
infant crying, mobilise support for parents and screen for postnatal depression.