An artist's rendering
of nuclear fuel rods in front of a colorful computational valley predicted for alloying compositions.
Not exact matches
The Federal
Nuclear Waste Policy Act has mandated that deep - mine disposal of high - level radioactive effluent and spent fuel rods from nuclear reactors commence by 1998, but states with proposed geological sites are screamin
Nuclear Waste Policy Act has mandated that deep - mine disposal
of high - level radioactive effluent and spent
fuel rods from
nuclear reactors commence by 1998, but states with proposed geological sites are screamin
nuclear reactors commence by 1998, but states with proposed geological sites are screaming foul.
It is commonly recognized that the radioactivity and extreme toxicity
of nuclear reactor postfission effluent and spent
fuel rods constitute a hazard to human health and safety.
Officials at the FitzPatrick
Nuclear Power Plant near Oswego are investigating why
fuel rods in the reactor's core are leaking radiation and while not considered an emergency, it could potentially spread contaminated water to other parts
of the plant.
Any future discussion
of nuclear power will have to take a hard look at regulation and safety, in particular the practice
of storing spent
nuclear fuel rods on - site
The back end
of the
nuclear fuel cycle, mostly spent
fuel rods, often contains fission products that emit beta and gamma radiation, and may contain actinides that emit alpha particles, such as uranium - 234, neptunium - 237, plutonium - 238 and americium - 241, and even sometimes some neutron emitters such as Cf.
The pipes in and out
of the reactor sit above the
nuclear fuel rods themselves, ensuring that any leaks do not result in uncovered
fuel.
Leaks, burst cooling pipes, faulty controls, misplaced
fuel rods and engineers» warnings about design flaws have done little to slow down approvals for continued operation
of the nation's aging
nuclear plants
The pools — water - filled basins that store and cool used radioactive
fuel rods — are so densely packed with
nuclear waste that a fire could release enough radioactive material to contaminate an area twice the size
of New Jersey.
There is radioactive rubble to contain or dispose
of, undamaged
fuel rods to be safely removed (and discarded), and an unknown amount
of melted
nuclear fuel to contain.
In 2010, the Obama administration abandoned a 2 - decade effort to bury much
of the high level waste — spent
fuel rods from commercial reactors and radioactive material from
nuclear bomb manufacturing — inside Yucca Mountain in the Nevada desert (although Congress has ordered parts
of that process to keep moving).
Because
of the harsh environment
fuel rods are exposed to — heat, steam, and neutrons that emanate from
nuclear reactions — extensive further testing will be needed on any new cladding for use in commercial reactors, Kazimi says.
That hydrogen buildup was the result
of hot steam coming into contact with overheated
nuclear fuel rods covered by a cladding
of zirconium alloy, or «zircaloy» — the material used as
fuel -
rod cladding in all water - cooled
nuclear reactors, which constitute more than 90 percent
of the world's power reactors.
And the U.S. National Academy
of Sciences in 2006 suggested the practice
of overcrowding pools for the storage
of spent
nuclear fuel rods — that has caused fires and explosions at Fukushima Daiichi, which stores far less used
fuel than typical U.S. plants — could prove dangerous.
Nuclear fuel rods are made
of hundreds
of small pellets
of enriched uranium placed end - to - end inside hollow tubes
of zircaloy that are about a half - inch across.
For the first time in decades a new uranium
rod fabrication plant is operating in New Mexico and it may soon be joined by as many as three others in the U.S.. That's because 2013 will see the expiration
of an agreement with Russia that allows the U.S. to blend down the highly enriched uranium from decommissioned Russian
nuclear warheads into the lower level enriched
fuel used in U.S.
nuclear reactors — a program known as «Megatons to Megawatts» that currently provides as much as 50 percent
of U.S.
nuclear fuel.
Finally, the global expansion
of nuclear power plants should be enabled by some form
of leasing program for the uranium
fuel rods — one up for renewal every decade or so.
And human error led the operators
of Vermont Yankee to misplace segments from two spent
fuel rods, a chronic problem with
nuclear material.
The most logical solution, experts say, would be to send the 9700 kilograms
of LEU to Russia for conversion into
fuel rods for Iran's Russian - built Bushehr
nuclear reactor, in operation since 2011.
And we've tried out more designs, more
nuclear powered designs in this one company than in all
of the history
of mankind put together, because we just happen to be out in front on, «Oh, change the
fuel rod this way.»
Such boreholes could not house most
of the country's waste, like
fuel rods from
nuclear power plants, but could have potential for smaller, long - lived radioactive materials.
Unlike the current generation
of light - water
nuclear reactors, PRISM uses metallic
fuel, such as an alloy
of zirconium, uranium, and plutonium, and PRISM's
fuel rods sit in a bath
of a liquid metal — sodium — at atmospheric pressure, which ensures that the transfer
of heat from the metal
fuel to the liquid sodium coolant is extremely efficient.
To ensure that moving spent radioactive
fuel is being carried out with the minimum
of risks, Sandia National Laboratories recently completed a
nuclear «triathlon»
of a simulated cargo
of spent
fuel rods over 14,500 mi to record the stress and jolts that
fuel undergoes in transit.
Hours earlier, Gregory Jaczko, the head
of the U.S.
Nuclear Regulatory Commission, told Congress that spent
fuel rods in Unit 4
of the plant had been exposed, resulting in the emission
of «extremely high» levels
of radiation.
While we absorb background radiation every day, standing next to a newly removed reactor spent
fuel rod for a few seconds will kill you, David Lochbaum, the Union
of Concerned Scientists» (UCS)
nuclear safety engineer, calculates.
The out -
of - control status
of the 6 Fukushima
nuclear reactors and their stored spent
fuel rods is a textbook example
of «Don't Know Squared — It's What You Don't Know You Don't Know» that can bring down any system designed by humanity.
With
nuclear, upfront costs are high, but the end costs
of decommissioning and
of hot
fuel rod treatment are even higher.
There are several western states — just about all
of them — with sufficient open space away from almost anything to store
fuel rods for the next couple
of thousand years, even if
nuclear provided 100 %
of US electric supply.
I would not like a
nuclear power plant
of any size on my property as I wouldn't know what to do with the exhausted
fuel rods.)
LFTRs consume 100 %
of the thorium fed to them and can be started with spent
fuel rods or old
nuclear warheads.
Perhaps they aren't capable
of destroying
nuclear power stations today, or weaponizing spent
fuel rods in order to blow up cities, but how long do you expect that to remain the case?
Once the relatively clean - running
nuclear plant is online, it produces radioactive waste in the form
of spent
fuel rods.
«Whenever the government loses a lawsuit, money just magically comes out
of the Judgement Fund,»
Rod McCullum, senior director
of the
Nuclear Energy Institute's (NEI's) Used
Fuel and Decommissioning arm, told POWER in February.
Fuel rods became exposed and began to melt, while generating large amounts of hydrogen from the rapid oxidation of zirconium contained in the cladding surrounding the nuclear f
Fuel rods became exposed and began to melt, while generating large amounts
of hydrogen from the rapid oxidation
of zirconium contained in the cladding surrounding the
nuclear fuelfuel.
Trains carry a wide variety
of toxic materials, from spent
nuclear fuel rods to highly caustic chemicals.