Sentences with phrase «of nuclear genome»

With recent announcements of plans for sequencing the genome from present - day polar bear (34) offering a necessary reference, future sequencing of all or a substantial fraction of the nuclear genome of this exceptionally well preserved Pleistocene polar bear specimen may be feasible.

The Identifiler kit and the AmpF \ STR Minifiler kit (Applied Biosystems) were used for amplification of 8 polymorphic microsatellites of the nuclear genome (D13S317, D7S820, D2S1338, D21S11, D16S539, D18S51, CSF1PO, FGA).

In particular, diversity of the nuclear genome is unlikely to be reciprocally monophyletic among subpopulations, a phenomenon called incomplete lineage sorting, which results in support for different topologies across loci (27).

To avoid including reads sequenced from regions of the nuclear genome sharing high similarity with mitochondrial DNA (NUMTs), reads that did not map uniquely to the mitochondrial genome were discarded using SAMtools [32, 33].

Just 7 months later, the same group published 1.9 copies on average of a nuclear genome from a girl's pinky finger bone from Denisova Cave.

Further genome doubling is common in the later history of plants as a way that new species form, adds Pamela Soltis, another leader of the nuclear genome work.

Subsequent sequencing of the nuclear genome followed, revealing that the pinkie came from a previously unknown hominid group, similar to Neanderthals, that migrated east toward Asia while Neanderthals migrated west.

«This method has important implications for the way future systematic studies are conducted as it provides researchers with a way to strategically target regions of interest in their study organism, such as single - copy regions of the nuclear genome or portions of organellar genomes, to produce large data sets at low costs,» says Uribe - Convers.

When Pääbo's team looked at patterns of nuclear genome variation in present - day humans, it identified 12 genome regions where non-Africans exhibited variants that were not seen in Africans and that were thus candidates for being derived from the Neandertals, who lived not in Africa but Eurasia.

In such plants, the chloroplast genome is the target of genetic modification instead of the nuclear genome.

«The problem in older women is the quality of the nuclear genome in their eggs, and adding more mitochondria will not help that problem,» she says.

They showed that although these genomes are separate physical entities, the mitochondrial genome affects the evolution of the nuclear genome, the genetic material responsible for variations in most traits such as hair color and height.

Not exact matches

The mitochondria are located in the cytosol of the cells, outside of the cell nucleus; the cell's DNA genome is located inside the nuclear membrane.

This study found that the interaction between these genomes and the implications on energy production is strong enough that the mitochondrial genome can alter which version of a gene is present in the nuclear genome.

All animal cells are made up of two genomes, the nuclear genome with 10,000 s of protein coding genes and the mitochondrial genome with 13 protein - encoding genes.

Overall, a study of the genome sequences of 57 colorectal cancers showed, on average, 4.42-fold more somatic nuclear mitochondrial DNA as compared to matched healthy blood controls.

This suggests that migration of mitochondrial DNA into the nuclear genome plays an important role in development of cancer, say corresponding authors Hemant K. Tiwari, Ph.D., and Keshav K. Singh, Ph.D..

Patients with colon and rectal cancer have somatic insertions of mitochondrial DNA into the nuclear genomes of the cancer cells, University of Alabama at Birmingham researchers report in the journal Genome Medicine.

In a new study, researchers at the University of Miami (UM) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science examined how the interaction of two genomes in animal cells — the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes — interact to affect adaptation of the Atlantic killifish to different temperatures.

«Also, manipulation of the embryo at that very sensitive time could cause more problems for the nuclear genome, which is why safety data is critical.»

Due to the limited number of specimens and difficulties in obtaining endogenous DNA from such old material, the number of Neandertals for which nuclear genomes have been sequenced is still limited.

«For chloroplast genome recovery from total DNA sequence data, the deliberate identification of reads that represent chloroplast DNA inserts into the nuclear genome allowed us to attain a higher - quality chloroplast genome assembly in a time - and cost - effective way,» Garaycochea explains.

The mix of nuclear genes would come from the archaeal guest and later from the mitochondrion, which forfeited parts of its genome to the nucleus over time.

According to the researchers, several fragments and, in some cases, nearly entire copies of the chloroplast genome may be found within the nuclear genomes of plants.

Thousands of plant species have had their genomes sequenced, but without organelle genomes, nuclear genomes are only one piece of the DNA puzzle.

Unfortunately, Krause says, only a few of the mummies» nuclear genomes were well preserved, and even fewer passed his strict contamination tests.

Dillon's team, which includes Perri, studied 71 complete mitochondrial genomes and seven nuclear genomes of dogs from more than 20 North American sites, ranging in age from 10,000 to 800 years ago.

This timeline highlights key discoveries about our closest relatives, from early fossil finds to the publication of the draft nuclear genome sequence.

In any case, however, high quality nuclear genome data from more than one individual would be necessary to fully investigate this proposed wave of human migration out of Africa, and is an intriguing area for future study.

«Right now, the research group is analyzing the nuclear genome the results of which could provide us with information about its relationship with the Neanderthals and about the existence of genomic variations associated with the immune system that accounts for the evolutionary success of Homo sapiens over other human species with whom it co-existed.

The study adds to a catalog of ancient genomes, including mtDNA as well as the much larger nuclear genomes, from more than a dozen Neandertals.

Researchers also have analyzed the complete nuclear and mtDNA genomes of another archaic group from Siberia, called the Denisovans.

It represents only a small fraction of an animal's genome (the rest is nuclear DNA), and because it is transmitted only from the mother, it reveals just the genetic history of females.

Sequencing nuclear genomes requires sequencing the DNA library many times over, increasing the «depth» of sequence reads at each base.

For the study Rand, Zhu and undergraduate co-author Paul Ingelmo generated 18 lines of flies by mixing and matching different mitochondrial and nuclear genomes in individuals from two different species.

And sequencing his nuclear genome — the genetic information inherited from both parents — and that of other ancient specimens could give a more complex picture of the way groups mixed with one another.

Then, in 2010, Pääbo and colleagues published a draft sequence of the Neanderthal's nuclear genome — 4 billion nucleotides — based on three individuals.

While MR does not modify or «enhance» the nuclear genome, according to Adashi, replacing mutation - bearing mitochondria with donated mutation - free mitochondria falls under the general category of procedures prohibited by the moratorium.

They sequenced the entire nuclear genome of this species, and identified all of the genes within that genome that code for biological functions.

An international team of scientists, led by researchers from the University of Tuebingen and the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History in Jena, successfully recovered and analyzed ancient DNA from Egyptian mummies dating from approximately 1400 BCE to 400 CE, including the first genome - wide nuclear data from three individuals, establishing ancient Egyptian mummies as a reliable source for genetic material to study the ancient past.

The study has solid geographical sampling, and the team's statistical analysis of two DNA genomes — mitochondrial and nuclear — shows pretty good evidence for the new species, says Bryan Stuart, a curator of herpetology at the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences in Raleigh, who was not involved in the work.

The team then used their best transplastomic tobacco plant line to introduce an additional set of genes into its nuclear genome, generating the COSTREL lines.

Researchers from the University of Seville at the Andalusian Centre for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa — Cabimer) have discovered that in eukaryotic cells the proximity of the genes to the nuclear pores, which are found in the nuclear membrane, contributes to maintaining the integrity of the genome.

Genome - wide association analysis comparing affected and unaffected PWC with the SOD1 mutation identified a haplotype within the gene «SP110 nuclear body protein'that was associated with increased risk of developing DM and early age of onset.

«For this reason, ribose - seq has application for rNMP mapping in any genomic DNA, from large nuclear genomes to small genomic molecules such as plasmids and mitochondrial DNA, with no need of standardization procedures,» she said.

«The only way to get a real story, the closest we can get, is to sequence nuclear genomes from orchids,» says Victor Albert, a plant geneticist at the State University of New York at Buffalo.

Dr. Donovan Bailey, senior author of the study and professor at New Mexico State University, said this approach has several advantages over previously established methods for enriching either nuclear or organellar DNA for genome sequencing.

However, since plant tissues harbor three separate genomes (nuclear, chloroplast, and mitochondrial), it can often be challenging to isolate the particular genome of interest from extracted DNA samples.

Pääbo's group first gave the field a jolt in May 2010 by reporting a low - coverage sequence (1.3 copies on average) of the composite nuclear genome from three Neandertals.

In addition, mitochondria contain their own genomes, which code for specific proteins and are expressed in coordination with nuclear DNA to regulate the provision of energy to cells.