They used the stage of meiosis in Xenopus oocytes where you find thousands
of nucleoli, and everything in the field pointed to the fact they contained amplified genes for ribosomal RNA, and indeed that turned out to be the case.
This set includes various ribosome builders, as well as other proteins that process and transcribe ribosomal RNA, a necessary step before the ribosomes can be assembled and pushed out
of the nucleolus.
Furthermore, there is evidence suggesting an association of replication stress on rDNA loci with the aging of hematopoietic stem cells, adding more evidence to the general function
of the nucleolus in genome integrity and aging.
VERTEBRAE WITH THE NUCLEOSUS PULPOSUS - Shows the actual disc between the vertebrae with the central location
of the nucleolus pulposus.
Not exact matches
That was surprising, he explains, because «fibrillarin resides deep within the
nucleolus of the host cell... [where it] methylates ribosomal RNA molecules, which then go on to form ribosomes,» but its full function may not be completely understood.
The latest such roster — 271 proteins identified in a compartment
of the cell nucleus called the
nucleolus — is a first step toward fully deciphering this organelle, a critical element in the construction
of ribosomes, which build proteins.
To tally the proteins, the largest ever reported for a single organelle, cell biologists Angus Lamond
of Scotland's University
of Dundee, Matthias Mann
of the University
of Southern Denmark in Odense, and their colleagues first separated the
nucleolus from its gelatinous home in the nucleus.
When the researchers then added the active region
of FRGY2a to live cells, the
nucleoli dispersed as expected.
The iPSC colonies were morphologically indistinguishable from hESCs, forming tight colonies
of cells with a large nucleus to cytoplasm ratio and prominent
nucleoli (Fig. 2E), and they did not display the NSCs» original cell morphology (Fig. 2F).
In addition, the monopolin complex maintains the integrity and silencing
of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) repeats in the
nucleolus.
Steinman and Cohen noted in their seminal 1973 paper in the Journal
of Experimental Medicine: «The nucleus is large, retractile, contorted in shape, and contains small
nucleoli (usually two).
Figure 1: Live - cell imaging
of Ki - 67 (green) during the cell cycle reveals its re-localisation from
nucleoli to the surface
of mitotic chromosomes (magenta).
It shows Merz's keen grasp
of geometric minimalism, architectural awareness, and a sense that the
nucleolus of our lives are the people who are closest to us.