The absorption of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide causes irreversible ocean acidification, which the scientists say will cause «massive corrosion of coral reefs and dramatic changes in the makeup
of ocean biodiversity.»
The new report will highlight untapped opportunities for both business and society, stemming from five risks: Resistance to Lifesaving Medicine, Accelerating Transport Emissions, Loss
of Ocean Biodiversity, Global Food Crisis and A Generation Wasted.
The starting point for the discussion was five specific global risks: Resistance to life saving medicine Accelerating transport emissions Loss
of ocean biodiversity Global food crisis A Generation Wasted These risk represent a -LSB-...]
These 15 risks are: Lack of Fresh Water, Unsustainable Urbanization, Continued Lock - in to Fossil Fuels, Chronic Diseases, Extreme Weather, Loss
of Ocean Biodiversity, Resistance to Life - saving Medicine, Accelerating Transport Emissions, Youth Unemployment, Global Food Crisis, Unstable Regions, Soil Depletion, Rising Inequality, Cities Disrupted by Climate Change & Cyber Threats.
The starting point for the discussion was five specific global risks: Resistance to life saving medicine Accelerating transport emissions Loss
of ocean biodiversity Global food crisis A Generation Wasted These risk represent a pressure -LSB-...]
Not exact matches
He is also a commissioner for the Global
Ocean Commission, whose mandate is to formulate politically and technically feasible short -, medium - and long - term recommendations to address four key issues facing the high seas: overfishing, large - scale loss
of habitat and
biodiversity, the lack
of effective management and enforcement, and deficiencies in high seas governance.
With a Masters in Marine
Biodiversity and Conservation from Scripps Institution
of Oceanography, she has experienced firsthand the devastating impacts
of commercial seafood production on the
oceans.
«Our proposals will raise protection and management
of our seas to a new level, halting the decline in
biodiversity to create clean, healthy, safe, productive and biologically diverse
oceans and seas.»
The
ocean has
biodiversity hotspots that rival the richness and variety
of life found in tropical rainforests, according to a new study.
A machine off the coast
of Japan will take a variety
of measurements hoping to improve understanding
of oceans, climate change and
biodiversity
In the analysis — this was [all] originally published as a scientific paper in Nature last fall and then we see it again here in Scientific American in a more a distilled form — what we show is that in terms
of climate change, in terms
of nitrogen pollution into our waterways and
oceans, and in terms
of biodiversity loss, we have already caused irreparable harm to the planet.
And across all scales, from very small controlled studies
of marine plots to those
of entire
ocean basins, maintaining
biodiversity — the number
of extant species across all forms
of marine life — appeared key to preserving fisheries, water filtering and other so - called ecosystem services, though the correlation is not entirely clear.
This research also was supported by the NASA, the Bureau
of Ocean Energy Management and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration through the Santa Barbara Channel Marine
Biodiversity Observation Network.
To better understand the emerging
biodiversity crisis in the modern
oceans, Payne and his team turned to the fossil record as an archive
of past planetary experiments in extinction.
Fine bits
of degraded rangeland in southern Africa, South America, and Australia blow into the Southern
Ocean, helping to sustain the rich
biodiversity of those waters.
A study published yesterday in Current Biology suggests
ocean acidification is driving a cascading set
of behavioral and environmental changes that drains
oceans»
biodiversity.
Scientists are creating a massive global database
of marine creatures, revealing tremendous
biodiversity ranging from the
ocean's shallows to its cold, dark depths
The consequences
of global warming may be lower food production,
ocean acidification, loss
of biodiversity, worse weather conditions and poor access to fresh water.
Earth System Threshold Measure Boundary Current Level Preindustrial Climate Change CO2 Concentration 350 ppm 387 ppm 280 ppm
Biodiversity Loss Extinction Rate 10 pm > 100 pm * 0.1 - one pm Nitrogen Cycle N2 Tonnage 35 mmt ** 121 mmt 0 Phosphorous Cycle Level in
Ocean 11 mmt 8.5 - 9.5 mmt — 1 mmt Ozone Layer O3 Concentration 276 DU # 283 DU 290 DU
Ocean Acidification Aragonite ^ ^ Levels 2.75 2.90 3.44 Freshwater Usage Consumption 4,000 km3 ^ 2,600 km3 415 km3 Land Use Change Cropland Conversion 15 km3 11.7 km3 Low Aerosols Soot Concentration TBD TBD TBD Chemical Pollution TBD TBD TBD TBD * pm = per million ** mmt = millions
of metric tons #DU = dobson unit ^ km3 = cubic kilometers ^ ^ Aragonite is a form
of calcium carbonate.
«They are the
biodiversity hotspots
of the deep
ocean floor,» says Smith.
To model the projected impact
of climate change on marine
biodiversity, the researchers used climate - velocity trajectories, a measurement which combines the rate and direction
of movement
of ocean temperature bands over time, together with information about thermal tolerance and habitat preference.
New research into the impact
of climate change has found that warming
oceans will cause profound changes in the global distribution
of marine
biodiversity.
On board
of this ship belonging to the Spanish Armada, and the Sarmiento de Gamboa ship belonging to the CSIC, researchers studied for nine months (seven aboard the Hespérides and two aboard the Sarmiento) the impact
of the global change on the
ocean ecosystem and explored its
biodiversity.
MORE TO EXPLORE Impacts
of Biodiversity Loss on
Ocean Ecosystem Services.
The research provides new insight and understanding
of the likely impact
of predicted environmental change on future
ocean biodiversity.
«Overall, the
biodiversity and conservation management outlook for Antarctica and the Southern
Ocean is no different to that for the rest
of the planet.»
Thanks to the symbiotic relationship between corals and their solar - powered algae, «this miracle
of construction creates the foundation for the greatest
biodiversity in our
oceans,» she said.
«The results represent a one thousand-fold increase in data over previous attempts to characterize
ocean microbial
biodiversity,» said a senior author on one
of the papers, Peer Bork, during a teleconference for reporters on 19 May, «and yet, this is still the tip
of the iceberg.»
The researchers found that diversity
of marine life in the eastern Pacific
Ocean is highly sensitive to declining oxygen levels, while CO2 levels were
of importance to
biodiversity in the Indian
Ocean.
A new study found that vulnerability
of deep - sea
biodiversity to climate change's triple threat — rising water temperatures, and decreased oxygen, and pH levels — is not uniform across the world's
oceans.
The deep
ocean, which covers more than 60 percent
of Earth's surface, is a
biodiversity hotspot at increased risk from climate change.
Coral reefs have been called the rain forests
of the
ocean because
of their vast
biodiversity and genetic wealth.
Grassle solidified his contributions to documenting marine
biodiversity by helping launch the Census
of Marine Life and the
Ocean Biogeographic Information System, which is an essential tool in marine conservation efforts.
Experts conclude that marine ecosystems and
biodiversity are likely to change as a result
of ocean acidification, with far - reaching consequences for society.
«The Earth is in the midst
of a
biodiversity crisis,» Sorte said, «and the Gulf
of Maine is one
of the fastest - warming areas
of the global
ocean, so the impacts
of ocean warming are likely to happen much sooner there.»
Studies have found that kelp forests are one
of the most productive systems in the
ocean with high
biodiversity and ecological function.
Marine biologists recommend that 20 — 30 %
of the
ocean must be protected to maintain its
biodiversity.
To accelerate establishment
of highly effective
biodiversity refuges, the Marine Conservation Institute has initiated the Global
Ocean Refuge System (GLORES).
To address the knowledge gap about the globally - relevant ecosystem process
of nutrient uptake, researchers worked to identify how different levels
of microbial
biodiversity influenced in situ phosphorus uptake in the Western Subtropical North Atlantic
Ocean.
Angel also argues in his paper that local dumping would cause «no impact on
biodiversity... because the distribution
of species are
ocean basin in scale».
Lead author Matthias Schmidt Thomsen,
of Ocean and Earth Science at the University
of Southampton, says: «We have known for some time that a reduction in
biodiversity has negative ecological consequences, but predictions
of what happens to an ecosystem have not accounted for the occurrence
of compensatory responses.»
Bren Smith's award - winning 3D
ocean farms can produce 30 tonnes
of sea vegetables and 250,000 shellfish in an acre every five months - and boost
biodiversity
Bathyal regions «have much greater
biodiversity than coral reefs, which are often said to be the rainforests
of the
ocean», says Lambshead.
With such a powerful dataset and toolkit, we anticipate testing the predictions
of biodiversity hotspots from stochastic modelling [28]--[31], as well as mapping functional gene ecology and activities throughout the world's
oceans.
Researchers carry out innovative basic and applied research programs in coral reef biology, ecology, and geology; fish biology, ecology, and conservation; shark and billfish ecology; fisheries science; deep - sea organismal biology and ecology; invertebrate and vertebrate genomics, genetics, molecular ecology, and evolution; microbiology;
biodiversity; observation and modeling
of large - scale
ocean circulation, coastal dynamics, and
ocean atmosphere coupling; benthic habitat mapping;
biodiversity; histology; and calcification.
Worm, B. et al (2006) Impacts
of Biodiversity Loss on
Ocean Ecosystem Services.
Her international research programme focuses on the impacts
of global climate change and
ocean acidification on coastal marine
biodiversity and the consequences for ecosystem structure and functioning, and spans the UK, Europe, USA and NZ.
According to the study published in Marine
Biodiversity, it was discovered in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands during an expedition
of the Okeanos Explorer — the «only federally funded U.S. ship assigned to systematically explore our largely unknown
ocean for the purpose
of discovery and the advancement
of knowledge.»
The quantitative population ecology
of zooplankton with emphasis on zooplankton small - scale distribution and abundance, organic matter transport into the deep - sea, the biology
of Gulf Stream Rings, zooplankton associated with deep - sea hydrothermal vents, dynamics
of populations on Georges Bank and on the continental shelf region
of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, acoustical determination
of zooplankton biomass, abundance, and size, and the census
of holozooplankton
biodiversity in the worlds
oceans.
A great deal
of deep - seas
biodiversity is concentrated around seamounts which are underwater mountains that rise 1,000 meters or higher from the seabed without breaking the
ocean's surface.