Sinking
slabs of ocean crust and rising plumes of hot rock in Earth's mantle are observed to behave differently below one megameter (1,000 kilometers) depth.
The magma chamber is not buried as deeply, and the hard
rock of ocean crust generates crisper seismic images.
It required a wealth of magnetic and seismic data on the rocks
of the ocean crust before the theory of plate tectonics was accepted.
[2][3] These eruptions are believed to have been caused by
thinning of ocean crust as the block containing the northern Channel Islands and Santa Monica mountains was rotated clockwise by the transverse motion of the Pacific and North American plates.
The researchers then used the model to investigate how
slabs of ocean crust would behave as they travel down toward the lower mantle.
First, many huge slabs
of ocean crust that have been dragged down, or subducted, into the mantle can still be seen in the deep Earth.