Earth scientist Aradhna Tripati of the University of California, Los Angeles's Department of Earth and Space Sciences and her colleagues extracted a record of past atmospheric concentrations of CO2 stretching back 20 million years from the shells of tiny creatures known as foraminifera buried in a column
of ocean mud and rock.
Digging through metres
of ocean mud from depths of 3,800 metres, the team studied the dissolution of fossil plankton shells that was closely linked to the chemical signature of different water masses.
Not exact matches
Six inches
of rain fell in parts
of the grounds on the festival's first day, turning pavement into small
oceans and grassy fields into
mud pits.
When the newly multiplied bacteria died, they fell to the floor
of those
ocean shallows, stacking up layer by layer to decay and enrich the
mud with phosphorus.
Hans Røy expected few surprises from the chunk
of reddish
mud his team had just hauled from the bottom
of the Pacific
Ocean.
Bierman and four colleagues — from UVM, Boston College, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, and Imperial College London — studied deep cores
of ocean - bottom
mud containing bits
of bedrock that eroded off
of the east side
of Greenland.
The model also showed that some asteroids would be muddy all the way through, while others would develop cores
of larger grains, with a great
mud ocean on top
of them.
When Norwegian researchers brought up a
mud core from the floor
of the Atlantic
Ocean in 2010, they were orchestrating a family reunion.
Not the least
of the challenges is that marine hydrate deposits are located in
ocean mud up to a kilometer below the seafloor.
Boetius and her colleagues have found the consortium in 20 or so other places around the world — everywhere they have looked, including a
mud volcano in the Arctic
Ocean, and at cold seeps and hydrate mounds in the Gulf
of Mexico.
For 2 months in 2013, the JOIDES Resolution, the ship for the International
Ocean Discovery Program, drilled into the ocean floor sediments, retrieving cores of mud and rock that were then d
Ocean Discovery Program, drilled into the
ocean floor sediments, retrieving cores of mud and rock that were then d
ocean floor sediments, retrieving cores
of mud and rock that were then dated.
In the 1980s, he and his colleague Nancy Maciolek
of Battelle
Ocean Sciences in Massachusetts used a simple device called a box corer to collect undisturbed square - foot samples
of seafloor
mud.
At 40 stations in the Southern
Ocean, dragging a sled with a net through more than three acres
of mud, Brandt found 674 species
of isopod.
Carbon in the form
of rotted plants is stored in coal, the
mud of oceans and lakes, and soil, but the rotted - plant carbon in permanently frozen ground is both abundant and easily released once carbon - laden permafrost has thawed.
They live in all
oceans of the world from the equator to polar latitudes, and occupy a wide range
of habitats from coral and rocky reefs, seagrass and algal beds, to sand and
mud soft substrates.
Quaternary scientists can use micro-organisms preserved in marine
muds and onshore in lakes [25 - 27] to reconstruct past temperatures,
ocean currents, rates
of environmental change [28] and previous ice shelf collapses [29 - 31].
It often forms from
mud, sand, or clay gathered at the bottom
of an
ocean, lake, or river.
Topoisomerase VI is found in Archaea, single - celled prokaryotes that tend to live in extreme environments like the boiling
mud pots at Yellowstone National Park or gas vents at the bottom
of the
ocean.
Donnelly led a team
of researchers who pinpointed the hurricane peaks after examining 2,000 years worth
of storm - thrown sand, which washed from the
ocean into a Massachusetts salt pond, settling as layers
of sandy sediment that was sandwiched between layers
of ever - accumulating
mud.
Pigs aren't usually considered the cuddliest
of creatures, but when they're swimming in the
ocean — as opposed to splashing in the
mud — they're downright adorable.
In case you want a change from your fantastic lake view at Lilly Pillys, you can drop in for a slice
of mud cake at the Edge Cafe in Montville where the view leads all the way from the hinterland to the pacific
ocean.
When it dies, the organic part
of the algae decomposes and the calcium carbonate portion falls to the
ocean floor to become part
of the sand and
mud.
They sieve through the
mud on the bottom
of the
ocean floor
of the Arctic with their baleen.
Benefit from the therapeutic power
of the Atlantic
Ocean, its climate, marine products like algae, seaweed and alluvial
mud and enhance your health and well - being.
As for increased sealife around oil rigs as a good thing (previous comment)-- please note that sea life congregates around outcroppings in the
ocean — in the case
of oil rigs though, the sea life ends up with dangerously high levels
of mercury from mercury contaminated drilling
muds.
Ocean floor mud reveals secrets of past European climateSamples of sediment taken from the ocean floor of the North Atlantic Ocean have given researchers an unprecedented insight into the reasons why Europe's climate has changed over the past 3000 y
Ocean floor
mud reveals secrets
of past European climateSamples
of sediment taken from the
ocean floor of the North Atlantic Ocean have given researchers an unprecedented insight into the reasons why Europe's climate has changed over the past 3000 y
ocean floor
of the North Atlantic
Ocean have given researchers an unprecedented insight into the reasons why Europe's climate has changed over the past 3000 y
Ocean have given researchers an unprecedented insight into the reasons why Europe's climate has changed over the past 3000 years.
The study compared a 5,000 - year record
of strong storms etched in lagoon
mud on the Puerto Rican island
of Vieques with data on
ocean temperatures and climate and storm patterns.
Whitings occur when the cyanobacteria fix atmospheric CO2 through the formation
of CaCO3 on their cell surfaces which leads to precipitation to the
ocean floor and subsequent entombment in
mud.
Why, in the sediment
of the northern Atlantic
Ocean, are there occasional layers
of sand, interrupting the blanket
of ultra-fine-grained
mud?
These clues include the earlier spring arrivals
of migrating birds, earlier blooming
of wildflowers and Washington DC's cherry trees, melting glaciers and icecaps, micro-fossils from cores
of mud from the
ocean floor, and bubbles
of ancient air retrieved from cores
of glacial ice.
In kid - friendly language, the authors incorporate the work
of nearly forty - five scientists into easily - understood reads, ranging from Dr. Camille Parmesan's information on the Edith's checkerspot butterfly, to Dr. Lloyd Keigwin, who studies ancient
ocean mud cores.
Attractive photographs
of the natural world, working scientists, easy to read graphs, and kids in action frame the many short essays, which examine a range
of topics from CO2 capture in the rainforest to
mud cores taken from the bottom
of the
ocean.
Studies range from documenting bloom dates
of trees and flowers to extracting
mud cores from the
ocean floor.
There's a great story there, the story
of how we've wrestled information out
of the records that have been left in the ice, or in
ocean mud, or in tree rings,
of how the system has changed in the past and how we worked out why these things have changed in the past.