Sentences with phrase «of ocean sediment»

By understanding the relationship between the size, composition and distribution of particles found on the bottom with the motion of the water column above, scientists who study long cores of ocean sediment can tell how currents have changed or moved over time.

One of my long - standing interests is the location of ocean sediment series that enable apples - to - apples comparison of the 20th century to the mid-Holocene.

The principal dataset we use is the temporal variation of the oxygen isotope ratio (δ18O relative to δ16O; figure 1a right - hand scale) in the shells of deep - ocean - dwelling microscopic shelled animals (foraminifera) in a near - global compilation of ocean sediment cores [4].

The researchers traced the Horn of Africa's climate 200,000 years into the past by analyzing a core of ocean sediment taken in the western end of the Gulf of Aden.

A 9.0 - magnitude earthquake off the coast of the Aleutian Islands triggered the mighty wave, which left behind up to nine shipping containers worth of ocean sediment in a sinkhole on the island of Kauai.

Studies of ocean sediments and lava flows show the Earth has undergone several hundred field reversals, with the most recent confirmed flip occurring about 780,000 years ago.

While this view has been changing for some time, a revolution in our thinking came with the discovery of Lokiarchaeum («Loki») and other members of the «Asgard» clade of archaea through metagenomic sampling of ocean sediments in 2015.

Figure 1 shows global surface temperature for the past 5.3 million years as inferred from cores of ocean sediments taken all around the global ocean.

We use the rich climate history of the Cenozoic era in the oxygen isotope record of ocean sediments to explore the relation of climate change with sea level and atmospheric CO2, inferring climate sensitivity empirically.

Not exact matches

Dr. Shivji tells of sharks that use this extrasensory ability to hunt stingrays that hide beneath sediment on the ocean floor.

Carried within the water column, accumulating on the ocean bottom or becoming entrained in marine sediments — a spill of Alberta bitumen might prove impossible to contain.

Approximately 90 % of excavated seabed would be returned to the ocean floor along with tailings, creating a sediment plume approximately 1000 square kilometres in size.

Some of the ocean's salts have been dissolved from rocks and sediments below its floor.

The foundation of the research involved tracking the changes in ocean circulation in new detail by studying three sediment cores extracted from the seafloor of the Gulf of Mexico in 2010 during a scientific cruise.

The sediment layers contain fossils of very tiny ocean creatures.

Investigators knew from ocean floor sediments that the climate was unstable at the end of the Cretaceous period, when the dinosaurs were making their last stand.

The aim of my PhD is to use the distribution of diatom species preserved in sediment cores across the Scotia Sea to reconstruct the position of major ocean boundaries and water masses through time.

When the weather warms and no ice sits upon the seas, the sediment on the ocean floor is mainly organic: remains of plankton and diatoms.

«This was a bit of a surprise because when we think of sediment in the ocean, we think of it as sinking vertically, originating from someplace above.

Led by Ken Buesseler, a senior scientist and marine chemist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), the team found that a small fraction of contaminated seafloor sediments off Fukushima are moved offshore by typhoons that resuspend radioactive particles in the water, which then travel laterally with southeasterly currents into the Pacific Ocean.

«We know the sediments are of deep sea and terrestrial origin, including those eroded from the high Himalayas and transported thousands of kilometres into the Bay of Bengal and eastern Indian Ocean.

And so a team of marine sediment experts has set up shop on the Nathaniel B. Palmer, hoping to sink great hollow cores deep into the ocean off Antarctica.

These samples augment other marine records such as coral and seashells, which provide detailed records over a short time period, and deep - ocean sediments, which preserve thousands of years of history but are harder to date precisely.

«This ocean drilling expedition will for the first time drill scientific boreholes within the sediments entering this subduction zone, including the layer of sediment that eventually develops into the earthquake - generating fault,» Professor Henstock explained.

The study conclusions are the result of creating a detailed computer model of chemical reactions that took place in the ocean's sediments.

Previous ocean sediment records suggest that, as the world slipped into the last glacial period, less carbon overall reached the sediments of the Southern Ocean, coinciding with declining atmospheric carbon dioocean sediment records suggest that, as the world slipped into the last glacial period, less carbon overall reached the sediments of the Southern Ocean, coinciding with declining atmospheric carbon dioOcean, coinciding with declining atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Just before the Hell Creek sediments were deposited, about 68 million years ago, the seaway withdrew for good, leaving behind the configuration of continent and surrounding oceans that exists today.

Ocean sediment records, which contain evidence of carbon and nutrients, are one way to reconstruct that history.

Working in remote conditions, researchers in the winter of 2012 ran a drill through 450 meters of ice and 500 meters of ocean to collect seafloor sediments on either side of this lost bulwark.

Researchers have decoded the chemistry of the first of a wealth of unique compounds produced by a new genus of bacteria that dwells in deep - ocean sediments, and they have found it to be a potent inhibitor of human cancers in lab experiments.

The researchers analyzed a marine sediment core collected off the coast of the Eastern Cape of South Africa, close to where the Great Kei River meets the ocean.

From the sediments of five oceans, the researchers isolated and tested hundreds of bacterial strains.

This newest threat follows on the heels of overfishing, sediment deposition, nitrate pollution in some areas, coral bleaching caused by global warming, and increasing ocean acidity caused by carbon emissions.

According to Dohm, this is a likely indication that the elements were leached out of the soil by runoff water and concentrated in sediment on the muddy floor of a standing ocean.

When the pH of the ocean dips as a result of absorbing this excess gas, bottom sediments rich in calcium carbonate begin to dissolve, countering the increase in acidity.

Calcium carbonate has great scientific relevance in biomineralization and geosciences, forming enormous scales of biological (reefs and ocean sediments) and geological origin, which bind a huge amount of CO2 and affect the chemistry of ocean water (1) and, with it, Earth's atmosphere and climate.

That may in turn have caused the planet to heat up enough to melt deposits of methane frozen in sediments on the ocean floor (something, incidentally, that could happen again), discharging even more potent greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and further heating the planet in an escalating feedback loop.

And once the oceans turned more acidic, Zachos says, they did not recover quickly: It took another 60,000 years before sediments again began to show a thick white streak indicative of fossilized shells.

Ranging from the magnesium levels in microscopic seashells pulled from ocean sediment cores to pollen counts in layers of muck from lakebeds, the proxies delivered thousands of temperature readings over the period.

Scientists» understanding of the climate during the Pliocene has largely been pieced together from fossil records preserved in sediments deposited beneath lakes and on the ocean floor.

Researchers have been using satellites to trace the path of sewage - and sediment - laden water as it flows toward the Atlantic Ocean.

Real - world data back the claim: Accumulations of calcium carbonate in deep - sea Pacific sediments show that the Pliocene ocean experienced huge shifts at the time, with waters churning all the way from the surface down to about three kilometers deep, as would be expected from a conveyor belt — type circulation.

And, unfortunately, the microbes» speed is limited not by the availability of oil — or even its droplet size, which is why chemical dispersants have been used to break up the oil into microbe - friendly globules — but by the availability of various nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus that wash into the ocean via rivers carrying sediments from the continents.

Dr. Hoffmann: «The isotope Hafnium 176 in contrast to its counterpart Neodymium 143 was transported by means of weathering into the oceans and became part of iron - rich sediments on the sea floor 2,700 million years ago.»

Not even a massive outpouring of carbon 56 million years ago (recorded in this ocean sediment core as the 25 - centimeter - long red band) comes close, a new study suggests.

Up until now, instrumental observations of the oceans have only spanned the last 100 years or so, whilst reconstructions using marine sediment cores come with significant age uncertainties.

Large tsunamis could have carried sediment onto the land and obscured parts of the martian ocean's shoreline, according to a study published today in Scientific Reports.

Pushed by the natural motion of wind and ocean currents — often over long distances — the litter is present in oceans worldwide, as well as in sea floor sediment and coastal sands.

Using sediment gathered from the ocean floor in different areas of the world, the researchers were able to confirm that as the ice sheets started melting and the climate warmed up at the end of the last ice age, 18,000 years ago, the marine nitrogen cycle started to accelerate.

Using sophisticated three - dimensional laser scanning and digital photograph analyses, sections of the rocks revealed burrows or trails left behind by trilobites and their prey — often worm - like creatures — in ocean sediments.