Sentences with phrase «of odorants»

«Spatial perception of odorants in cockroaches.»

The study describes the first neural architecture capable of encoding the spatial location of odorants.

The nasal airflow measurement and the presentation of odorants were done using a modified pediatric nasal cannula and a custom built olfactometer.

For the first time is has been demonstrated that measurements of odorants in the air may be an alternative to dynamic olfactometry that can be applied for measuring odour from pig houses and the effects of odour abatement technologies.

By means of the new technique the highly variable sensory response from the human nose may be predicted based on the more precise chemical measurement of odorants.

It would be even better if we were able to carry out the analyses on location at the pig farm; this way you can avoid having to bring bags of air back to the laboratory at the risk of «running out of air,» i.e. losing some of the odorants.

Usually, it takes a nose to smell, but now — for the first time — scientists have developed a convincing model able to measure odours from pig farms by means of precise measurements of the content of odorants in the atmosphere.

The model is based on measurements of odorants by means of the analytical technique PTR - MS.

«If the ointment is applied over the heart, the concentration of odorants that penetrate through the skin might be sufficient to have an effect on the heart; there are some hints of that,» says Hatt.

For example, based on the perception of the hundreds of odorant molecules found in coffee, the piriform cortex would be able to recognize a single odor, that of coffee.

Beta - adrenergic receptor kinase - 2 and beta - arrestin - 2 as mediators of odorant - induced desensitization

In 2007 Turin (who is now chief technical officer of the odorant - designing company Flexitral in Chantilly, Virginia) and his hypothesis received support from a paper by four physicists at University College London.

Via the position of the receptors on the antennae — which can grow to a length of four to five centimetres, which is the size of the cockroach's body — the insects obtain information about the spatial position of an odorant.

Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiling Revealed High Proportions of Odorant Binding and Antimicrobial Defense Proteins in Olfactory Tissues of the House Mouse — Barbora Kuntová — Frontiers in Genetics

To first order, deuteration should therefore have little or no effect on the smell character of an odorant recognized by shape, whereas deuterated isotopomers should smell different if a vibrational mechanism is involved.

Not exact matches

Turin says the strongest tests of his theory so far come from studies in which researchers replace an odorant atom with an isotope of that atom, which has a slightly different weight and changes the molecule's frequency of vibration.

Turin's more controversial theory, put forth in 1996 and now the subject of two popular books, holds instead that odorant receptors sense the way a molecule's atoms jiggle.

In the case of β - ionone, the smell associated with violets, McRae and colleagues managed to pinpoint the exact mutation (a change in the DNA sequence) in the odorant receptor gene OR5A1 that underlies the sensitivity to smell the compound and to perceive it as a floral note — people who are less good at smelling β - ionone also describe the smell differently, as sour or pungent, and are less likely to find it pleasant.

The smells of these four odorants are familiar, for those who can smell them (though their names may not be): malt (isobutyraldehyde), apple (β - damascenone), blue cheese (2 - heptanone), and β - ionone, which smells floral to some people and is particularly abundant in violets.

This latest smell prediction effort began with a recent study by olfactory researcher Leslie Vosshall and colleagues at The Rockefeller University in New York City, in which 49 volunteers rated the smell of 476 vials of pure odorants.

The odorant receptor molecules sit on the surface of sensory nerve cells in our nose.

It reduced the pulse frequency of the cultivated mini hearts; the higher the odorant concentration, the more significant the reduction.

The team performed a series of tests, including comparative Aroma Extract Dilution Analysis (AEDA) as well as sensory evaluation by a panel of 10 participants who had received extensive training in identifying different wine odorants.

Paying attention to the fact that each olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) expresses an OR, Shun «ichi Kuroda, Professor and Nobuo Yoshimoto, Specially Appointed Associate Professor at the Department of Biomolecular Science and Reaction, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University in cooperation with Masato Suzuki, Chief Researcher, Advanced Research Division, Panasonic Corporation made a system in which OSNs from mice were applied to a microchamber array on a microscope slide and fluorescence was yielded when ORs responded to odorants.

Like OSNs, animal cells expressing ORs responded to the odorant of interest, emitting fluorescence.

Both methods have advantages and disadvantages, but the optimum method would be to be able to quantify the connection between the smell that the human nose experiences and the actual, measured amount of specific odorants in the air.

The fear of obnoxious odorants may also be a hindrance if pig farmers want to expand their herds.

The scientists also aimed to identify significant odorants in order to assess odour emission from the pig facilities as well as the effect of technologies that reduce odour problems.

This achievement will enable quick and easy exhaustive analysis of ORs responding to specific odorants, which previously required a great deal of time and effort.

14 Penn State engineers are trying to design an artificial sniffer based on the fluid mechanics and odorant transport of the canine nose.

«New method for exhaustively isolating olfactory receptors responding to specific odorants: Step toward the elucidation of a mechanism for recognizing odorants in mammals.»

A research group led by Osaka University and Panasonic Corporation developed a method for making a prompt, exhaustive isolation of olfactory receptors (ORs) responding to the odorant of interest.

A side effect of losing PRMT - 5 in C. elegans is a heightened sense of smell: In the worms, dopamine signaling acts as a brake or check on the sensory system's response to odorants.

Christine Mißbach, first author of the study, analyzed the active genes in the insect antennae where the olfactory receptors are located and describes her discovery this way: «Astonishingly, the firebrat, which is more closely related to flying insects, employs several co-receptors, while the odorant receptors themselves are absent.»

Despite these miniscule variations, the flies showed a consistent preference for one arm of the maze over the other, the team reports online today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, suggesting that the flies could tell the difference between the odorants.

Most scents are composed of many odorants; a whiff of chocolate, for example, is made up of hundreds of different odor molecules.

When Vosshall's team crunched these numbers, extrapolating how many different combinations of the 128 odorants an average person could differentiate, they arrived at an average of 1 trillion smells.

In addition, each foodstuff has its own odor code comprised of a core group of between just 3 and 40 of the 230 key odorants — in specific concentrations.

Then, as now, the prevailing notion was that the sensation of different smells is triggered when molecules called odorants fit into receptors in our nostrils like three - dimensional puzzle pieces snapping into place.

The findings also lay the scientific groundwork for the next generation of aroma products, which use the potential of optimized biosynthetic pathways in plants for industrial - scale production of high - quality food odorants.

«A combination of between just few key odorants creates an authentic perception of odors.

The notoriously strong winds at Aliso Canyon carried the natural gas and its added odorant to the nearby Porter Ranch neighborhood, leading to thousands of families evacuating their homes.

What is really happening, Turin posited, is that the approximately 350 types of human smell receptors perform an act of quantum tunneling when a new odorant enters the nostril and reaches the olfactory nerve.

Each odor - detecting neuron (referred to as olfactory sensory neuron from here on), chooses a single odorant receptor gene from a fairly large number of options that are split into class I (fish - like) and class II (terrestrial - specific) odorant receptors.

As an odorant approaches, electrons released from one side of a receptor quantum - mechanically tunnel through the odorant to the opposite side of the receptor.

This latest odorant mapping will also enable more precise natural simulation of odors.

The study «A long - range cis - regulatory element for class I odorant receptor genes» published in Nature Communications was a collaborative effort between Tokyo Tech, the University of Tokyo, Nihon BioData Corporation and RIKEN Brain Science Institute.

They were surprised to find that the almost unlimited variety of food smells is based on 230 key odorants.

After the odorant attaches to one of the nerve's receptors, electrons from that receptor tunnel through the odorant, jiggling it back and forth.

This study demonstrates, for the first time, that the mammary pheromone helps pups learn other odorants, says neuropsychologist Peter Brunjes of University of Virginia in Charlottesville.