If I take Keystone XL out of the mix, in my toy model, I haven't impacted the cost of the marginal barrel
of oil sands because I haven't changed the cost of a barrel shipped by rail, I've simply reduced the profit on the barrels which would be shipped via KXL by forcing them to be shipped to market in a more expensive way.
Not exact matches
Labor unions have pushed for approval
of the pipeline, saying it would create thousands
of construction jobs, while environmentalists opposed it
because it would increase greenhouse gas emissions from Canada's
oil sands.
And as the Bank
of Canada noted in its policy statement, prices are higher in part
because of supply disruptions, including the Alberta
oil sands.
Environmentalists oppose the project
because it will encourage the development
of Canada's
oil sands, a type
of oil resource that requires more energy to tap than conventional reserves.
But when the B.C. government announced this week plans to bar increases to diluted bitumen (
oil sands crude) shipments while it launches a new panel study
of spill research, the group Stand.earth advised Kinder Morgan investors to call their brokers
because this will delay or permanently thwart the company's federally approved Trans Mountain pipeline expansion.
The extraction and processing
of a viscous
oil called «bitumen,» excavated from vast formations
of sand just below the surface
of Alberta's northern region, has come under fire
because it requires more energy than many other
oil operations.
That can easily happen in a world
of $ 100
oil,
because such high prices offer enough incentive for producers to bring on new supplies from expensive sources such as the Bakken or Alberta's
oil sands.
Meaning, if it is built, it is
because the interests behind it likely do not believe the promise
of the Notley government in Alberta that
oil sands production emissions will stop at 100 megatonnes
of GHGs.
The parables disclose with what pleasure and tolerance he surveyed the broad scene
of human activity: the merchant seeking pearls; the farmer sowing his fields; the real - estate man trying to buy a piece
of land in which he had secret reason to believe a treasure lay buried; the dishonest secretary, who had been given notice, making friends against the evil day among his employer's debtors by reducing their obligations; the five young women sleeping with lamps burning while the bridegroom tarried and unable to attend the marriage
because their sisters who had had foresight enough to bring additional
oil refused to lend them any; the rich man whose guests for dinner all made excuses; the man comfortably in bed with his children who gets up at midnight to help his importunate neighbor only
because he despairs
of getting rid
of him otherwise; the king who is out to capture a city; the man who built his house upon the
sand and lost it in the first storm
of wind and rain; the queer employer who pays all
of his men the same wage whether they have worked the whole day or a single hour; the great lord who going to a distant land entrusts his property to his three servants and judges them by the success
of their investments when he returns; the shepherd whose sheep falls into a ditch; the woman with ten pieces
of silver who, losing one, lights the candle and sweeps diligently till she finds it, and makes the finding
of it the occasion
of a celebration in which all
of her neighbors are invited to share — and how long such a list might be!
And in the environmental impact statement, Pilgrim officials wrote: «While crude
oil shipment downriver is a relatively recent phenomena on the Hudson River, the increasing production
of crude in North America
because of fracking, and Canadian tar
sands, is likely to result in increasing demand to move the crude
oil to coastal areas for shipment to refineries.
Oil sands extraction raises concerns among environmentalists because it generates more of the heat - trapping gases causing climate change than conventional oil drilling, among other thi
Oil sands extraction raises concerns among environmentalists
because it generates more
of the heat - trapping gases causing climate change than conventional
oil drilling, among other thi
oil drilling, among other things
Regarding Keystone, I myself think it is clear that Obama should say no to Keystone,
because it is something in his power to do, which would have some effect on retarding development
of the tar
sands (despite what the flawed State Department EIS [Environmental Impact Statement] said), and
because we really wouldn't get any significant benefit from saying yes; no real
oil security, few permanent jobs, and most
of the money goes to Canada and to refiners in free - trade zones.
Pres. Barack Obama vetoed a bill to approve construction
of the Keystone XL Pipeline on February 24 — not
because of climate change, not
because of low
oil prices and not
because of the risks from leaking diluted bitumen from the tar
sands.
For every barrel
of extra
oil obtained from tar
sands as a result
of the pipeline, global
oil consumption would increase by 0.6 barrels,
because the extra
oil would lower
oil prices and encourage people to use more.
Converting petroleum from tar
sands into a type
of oil is more costly
because it requires strip - mining or the injection
of steam to drain the petroleum.
Aerosols from the production
of heavy
oil is a growing climate and pollution concern
because new tar
sands developments are on the drawing board in Venezuela, Utah and elsewhere, the study says.
Tar
sands, deep
oil and fracking have severely blunted the
oil peak, reduced fuel prices and have actually reduced CO2
because of the natural gas that comes with them.
He said, «I don't understand» —
because what I was doing was I would make a painting and then I would let it dry and then paint over the whole thing; I wouldn't
sand it down, therefore you would see all
of these passages and the layers
of gesso over
oil paint, which, God knows what would happen now.
A tailings pond near Fort McMurray, Alberta, where the
oil sands boom has faded
because of low
oil prices.
If the Canadian tar
sands oil is not shipped to us it will be shipped elsewhere
because the existence or nonexistence
of the new pipeline will not affect demand.
We might not then need the tar
sands and
oil shales, and this would be a better overall solution
because we would be able to reduce emissions and re-stabilize the climate more quickly, and thus avoid the need for some
of the more extreme adaptation measures.
Well,
because tar
sand - extracted oils have a 2X + greater carbon footprint than «conventional
oil,» operating margins for producing
oil in Alberta will be roughly 1/2 as good as those
of the competing state
oil companies, once Cap & Trade is fully implemented.
Here's the tweet from @exxonmobil sent in response to critics who pointed out that,
because of a major loophole that needs to be closed, bitumen is not considered crude
oil, and therefore tar
sands pipeline operators like Exxon aren't required to pay into the
oil spill cleanup fund.
This is a critical element
of the draft environmental review
because while State determined that tar
sands is dirtier than conventional
oil, it concludes that Keystone XL would have little impact on the expansion
of tar
sands and therefore policymakers and the public needn't consider the impacts
of that expansion.
Most
of these high - price reserves (PDF) are on the industry's new frontiers — in the Arctic, deep ocean waters or unconventional sources such as the Alberta tar
sands (PDF), where three major projects were deferred in 2014
because of falling
oil prices.
She also noted that Oliver failed to mention that even his government's own reports from Environment Canada have said that Canada will not meet its climate - pollution targets
because of oil sands expansion.
The reason greater depths are not needed is
because geothermal in the context
of oil sands production isn't necessarily for power generation, which requires high temperatures.
Most
of the
oil shipped on the line will come from Canadian
oil sands producers, which have been under from some U.S. environmental groups and legislators for boosting greenhouse gas emissions
because of expanding production in the
oil sands — a Florida - sized region
of northern Alberta that contains the largest
oil reserves outside the Middle East.
The nonpartisan Congressional Research Service found in a survey
of published literature that
because tar
sands oil is more carbon intensive than conventional crude
oil, the Keystone XL pipeline would increase U.S. greenhouse gas emissions by the equivalent
of «approximately 558,000 to 4,061,000 passenger vehicles» annually:
On the contrary, Figure 1 is a conservative estimate
of potential emissions from tar
sands because: the economically extractable amount grows with technology development and
oil price; the total tar
sands resource is larger than the known resource, possibly much larger; extraction
of tar
sands oil uses conventional
oil and gas, which will show up as additions to the purple bars in Figure 1; development
of tar
sands will destroy overlying forest and prairie ecology, emitting biospheric CO2 to the atmosphere.
A dramatic reversal
of fortune for Canada's tar
sands oil industry has cheered environmental advocates, and it may also leave Prime Minister Stephen Harper vulnerable in the coming federal election
because of the economic repercussions, some have predicted.
That's
because although a high
oil price
of $ 50 - $ 70 is necessary to justify investing billions into a new
oil sands project, the variable costs
of getting a barrel
of oil from existing operations are much lower (as low as $ 10 for steamed
oil and low $ 20s for mined
oil).
The spill presented a unique cleanup challenge,
because 6B was carrying bitumen, a thick crude
oil mined from Canada's tar
sands region that is thinned with a cocktail
of liquid chemicals to form diluted bitumen, or dilbit.
Open Pit Mining and Forest Destruction: Approximately 20 %
of Alberta's
oil sands are recoverable through open - pit mining, while 80 % require in situ extraction technologies (largely
because of their depth).
: Approximately 20 %
of Alberta's
oil sands are recoverable through open - pit mining, while 80 % require in situ extraction technologies (largely
because of their depth).
Critics say such spills raise questions about the safety and viability
of in situ extraction, which by 2020 is expected to account for as much as 40 per cent
of Canada's
oil sands production,
because many
of Alberta's deposits can not be mined.
I've heard greens argue that we shouldn't even try to reach
oil sands workers
because they're just part
of the colonial - settler assault on First Nations territory.
President Obama's decision in mid-January that he was not going to issue the permit
because he couldn't determine whether it was in the national interest has caused a flurry
of activity in Canada to start permitting an alternative pipeline from the
oil sands to a port on the British Columbia coast, where the
oil would be loaded on tankers bound for China and other Asian countries.
The report puts tar
sands development lost revenue at $ 30.9 billion from 2010 through 2013, in part due to the changing North American
oil market but largely
because of a fierce grassroots movement against tar
sands development.
And the reason that the
oil and gas sector is increasing emissions so much is
because of the expansion
of the
oil sands.
Sure, these tar
sands assets were stranded
because of low
oil prices, and the infrastructure built to extract tar
sands could be turned back on anytime, but that seems very unlikely.
As suggested in the article, the only way to stop the development
of the
oil sands (or any new
oil development for that matter) is to address the supply side
of the supply - demand curve,
because as long as
oil is at $ 90 bbl the producers will find a way to get their product to market.
But transporting
oil from western Canada by pipeline is less expensive than shipping by rail, which requires specialized cars and / or specialized handling
because of the very high viscosity
of oil sands oil.
(But
because extraction accounts for only a small portion
of oil's carbon emissions, which primarily issue from the tailpipes
of vehicles, the State Department calculates that
oil sands oil is only 17 percent more carbon - intensive when the entire lifecycle is considered.)
Overwhelmingly, experts agree that
oil mined from tar
sands in Alberta, Canada is far worse for the climate than most
of the
oil currently produced and sold in the United States,
because of the added pollution from extracting, refining, and delivering it.
But breaking the power
of oil companies may be even harder
because the sums
of the money on the other side are so fantastic — there are trillions
of dollars worth
of oil in Canada's tar
sands and the North Dakota shale.
Smaller,
oil sands - only players such as MEG Energy are more vulnerable during a downturn
because they don't have the cash cushion
of larger companies and don't have refining operations to offset lost revenue from
oil and gas sales.
The New Yorker's Elizabeth Kolbert recently published a comment entitled «Lines in the
Sand,» arguing that President Obama should not approve the Keystone XL pipeline
because of the climate impacts
of using
oil.
Because this
oil is so different from conventional crude, a coalition led by the National Wildlife Federation is demanding a moratorium on building new tar
sands pipelines — including the Keystone XL — until regulators update the rules regarding this type
of oil.
Other countries with substantial potential for increasing production are Canada, largely
because of its tar
sands, and Kazakhstan, which is still developing its
oil resources.