Sentences with phrase «of oocyst»

«Humans,» write Elmore et al., «usually become infected through ingestion of oocyst - contaminated soil and water, tissue cysts in undercooked meat, or congenitally.

Because of their fastidious nature, the passing of non-infective oocysts, and the short duration of oocyst shedding, direct contact with cats is not thought to be a primary risk for human infection.»

Increased odds of oocyst shedding were detected in bobcats and unmanaged feral cats.

It's possible the parasite has always been in the ocean, but most scientists think it somehow got there from cats — the only known carrier of the oocysts.

However, the researchers did find a threefold higher risk of exposure for otters living near the mouths of rivers and streams, suggesting that storm - water runoff from fields and lawns frequented by cats could be a source of oocysts.

Since incredible numbers of oocysts are shed from infected pets, the environmental contamination with coccidia oocysts is severe.

In other cases, a puppy or kitten becomes infected with coccidiosis, produces lots of oocysts of coccidia but never has clinical signs of disease such as diarrhea, loss of appetite, vomiting or failure to thrive.

Most importantly, recent studies make clear that our ability to differentiate between the two infectious stages of T. Gondii, that of oocysts (from the cat) and tissue cysts (from intermediate hosts like rats and birds) has changed our base of knowledge.

Not exact matches

Toxoplasma gondii is best known for the threat it poses to the fetuses of pregnant women exposed to the protozoan's eggs, or oocysts, when cleaning their pets» litter boxes.

Wilmut says there were so many failures because it is difficult to ensure that the empty oocyst and the donor cell are at the same stage of the cell division cycle.

Since the oocysts are much smaller than the eggs of the intestinal worms, a very thorough evaluation must be performed.

When the eggs or oocysts are found in the stool of a cat without diarrhea, they are generally considered a transient, insignificant finding.

Puppies and kittens often show signs of illness, usually watery diarrhea, before there are oocysts in their stools, so it sometimes takes several fecal samples to know if a puppy or kitten is infected.

In addition, lots of dogs, cats, puppies and kittens are infected and are shedding oocysts despite having no clinical signs of infection.

Coccidia spread when oocysts are shed in the stool of infected pets and then the oocysts are consumed later by another susceptible dog or cat.

Once the oocysts are swallowed, they release sporozoites that invade the intestinal cells and can cause signs of illness.

Coccidia are shed in an infected dog's feces in a protected form called an oocyst, which is resistant to damage and can survive in the environment for extended periods of time.

[26](Nine of 11 submitted for testing were recently attributed to oocysts, and included among the 103 infections mentioned previously.)

In fact, «testing positive» is not a useful measure of a cat's ability to infect other animals or people; it's merely an indication that antibodies are present in the cat's blood — to be expected after they shed oocysts.

The oocyst shedding leads to the other mode of infection for people and other warm - blooded animals: consuming feces that contain the oocysts, such as by eating a plant with feces residue or by gardening and not washing your hands before eating.

In the U.S., the prevalence of cats who are actively shedding oocysts is quite low — approximately 1 percent, according to the Companion Animal Parasite Council.

As wild and domestic felids are the only recognized hosts capable of shedding Toxoplasma oocysts into the environment, otter infection suggests land - to - sea pathogen transmission.

Lafferty started out believing from review of previous published literature that «infectious disease was preventing the recovery of sea otters, and the most likely source of infection of Toxoplasma gondii was terrestrial runoff containing oocysts defecated by cats,» but when he and colleagues tagged 135 California sea otters in 2009 and followed them for four years, they found that «Counter to expectations, sea otters from unpopulated stretches of coastline,» around Big Sur, are less healthy and more exposed to parasites than city - associated otters,» from the Monterey Bay area, who have more exposure to fecal matter from cats.

Massie determined through laboratory experimentation that about two - thirds of northern anchovies who were exposed to Toxoplasma gondii oocysts became infected.

Although not 100 % accurate, an examination of feces will reveal whether any of the eggs (oocyst) are present.

False Statement: «Most Cases of Toxoplasmosis Stem from Undercooked Food, Not Cats — Catch and kill advocates sometimes argue for killing feral cats because they can transmit toxoplasmosis, a parasitic disease that spreads via Toxoplasma oocysts shed in the feces of an infected animal.»

Nonetheless, the data reveal that ownership of a cat is not necessary to acquire T. gondii, because it has been shown that oocyst exposure is not always associated with cat ownership or with recognition of risk factors.

Most sources say heating to a temperature of 150 ° F (66 ° C) held for thirty minutes kills Toxoplasma oocysts in meat as will freezing (about -18 °C or 0 °F).

The top of the centrifuged material for nematode ova, Capillaria eggs, Giardia cysts, coccidia (Cryptosporidia, Isospora or Eimeria) oocysts because they float well

Although mature dogs may shed the infective stage of the parasite (oocyst) from time to time in their stool, it almost never causes disease symptoms in these animals.

And then they doubt my words when I tell them of the studies where they found that this parasite's oocysts (seeds) can even survive washing your hands in bleach.

[14, 15] It's generally thought that oocysts (the mature, infective form of the parasite) are transferred from soil contaminated with infected feces to coastal waterways by way of freshwater run - off.

Cats excrete millions of infected eggs, or oocysts, in their feces, which can remain in soil or water for years.

Infected rodents don't last long in the presence of a cat and their consumption ultimately results in a bowel movement that contains thousands of microscopic oocysts, the parasite's infective stage, thus completing the cycle.

So it's not a complete surprise scientists have discovered the same behavioral changes associated with toxoplasmosis in rats and mice — reduced anxiety, fearlessness and an attraction to cat urine — are also expressed in humans infected with the oocysts, according to Peter Marra and Chris Santella, authors of «Cat Wars: The Devastating Consequences of a Cuddly Killer.»

Cats are the only animals that shed this ineffective stage of this protozoan called an oocyst.

Most exposures of humans to oocysts cause no overt disease.

[18] To paraphrase the words of Wilson J. in Shell, it is the application of the new knowledge that irradiating water with low doses of UV light prevents crypto oocyst replication that has commercial value.

After ingesting an infectious dose of Cryptosporidium oocysts, symptoms could appear within three weeks and can include a brief bout with diarrhea.

Protozoan species of the genus Cryptosporidium, such as Cryptosporidium hominis and C. parvum, can cause diarrhea in human hosts who have ingested as few as 10 microscopic oocysts (egglike structures that are made of chitin, the same protein that forms the exoskeletons of ants and other insects) contained in feces or contaminated water.