There were no significant differences in patterns
of oral contraceptive use or the proportion of women switching their regular contraceptive method by study group (Table 2).
Other known risk modifiers for breast cancer such as age at first pregnancy, history
of oral contraceptive use, breast feeding, and smoking did not meaningfully confound the overall association of FMc absence with breast cancer.
In high - income countries, 10 years
of oral contraceptive use reduces the risk of developing endometrial cancer before age 75 from 2.3 to 1.3 cases per 100 users.
The findings reveal that every 5 years
of oral contraceptive use reduces the risk of endometrial cancer by about a quarter.
Not exact matches
Children are a gift from God (my husband and I are currently expecting our first) but some women may never get to become mother's due to reproductive issues that can be helped through the
use of oral contraceptives.
As an extra measure
of precaution, I take
oral birth
contraceptives instead
of the traditional hormone replacement therapy that is often
used by other women with my condition.
There is no evidence that
using oral contraceptives while pregnant will increase the risk
of birth defects or miscarriage.
Our analyses focused on five conditions that have been consistently associated with breastfeeding in observational studies that adjusted for parity as well as known or suspected confounders such as diet, physical activity,
oral contraceptive use (in the case
of cancer and hypertension), 6,7,18 and socioeconomic status (Table 1).
Questionnaires were
used to ascertain sociodemographic history, disease and lifestyle history, obstetric history, breastfeeding history, and history
of use of oral contraceptives.
This cross-sectional study was to assess the relationship between RA, breastfeeding, and also
use of oral contraceptives, in a population
of older women from South China, where cultural habits differ from those in the West, where most previous studies were conducted.
Nationwide, about 11.2 million women ages 15 to 44, or 18 percent
of all U.S. women, currently
use oral contraceptive pills.
Researchers from the University
of California at Berkeley in the USA conducted a meta - analysis
of all existing data examining the effect
of using the most commonly prescribed forms
of hormonal contraception (combined
oral contraceptives, progestin - only pills, and the injectable
contraceptives DMPA and norethisterone enanthate) on HIV risk up to June, 2014.
This association was similar across subgroups
of women, including by age, smoking status, hypertension, postmenopausal hormone therapy, and
oral contraceptive use.
Reproductive - age women are disproportionately impacted by Lupus, says Gulati, who cited a study in the United Kingdom that found an increased risk
of Lupus in women
using oral contraceptives.
They adjusted for a variety
of factors, such as age, physical activity, smoking, family history
of diabetes, alcohol intake, postmenopausal status, menopausal hormone or
oral contraceptive use, total caloric intake, and body mass index.
Factors such as age, height, weight, race, family history
of breast cancer, history
of benign breast disease, smoking, menopausal status, hormone and
oral contraceptive use were taken into account.
Using oral contraceptives before attempting IVF can allow women and their physicians to better know the timing
of ovulation.
The study, published on 4 October in Lancet Infectious Diseases, also showed that
oral contraceptive use by women increased the risk
of HIV infection for both women and men with infected partners, but the numbers generated did not rise to statistical significance.
Connie Celum, an epidemiologist at the University
of Washington, Seattle, who ran a large
oral PrEP study with Truvada that had 73 % efficacy, says it will be important to compare VOICE and CAPRISA 004 for differences in sexual behaviors, sexually transmitted infections, cervicovaginal inflammation, and
contraceptive use.
Although estrogen doses in
oral contraceptives have decreased appreciably over the years, with pills in the 1960s typically containing more than double the estrogen dose
of pills in the 1980s, the reduction in endometrial cancer risk was at least as great for women who
used the pill during the 1980s as for those who
used it in earlier decades.
Researchers from the Collaborative Group on Epidemiological Studies on Endometrial Cancer estimate that in the past 50 years (1965 - 2014) about 400000 cases
of endometrial cancer have been prevented by
oral contraceptive use in high - income countries, including about 200000 in the last decade (2005 - 2014).
According to study author Dr Naomi Allen, also from the University
of Oxford, UK, «The existing evidence suggests that medium - to - long - term
use of oral contraceptives (ie, for 5 years or longer) results in substantially reduced risk
of endometrial cancer.
Use of oral contraceptives (usually referred to as «the pill»), even for just a few years, gives substantial long - term protection against endometrial (womb) cancer, and the longer the pill is
used the greater the reduction in risk, according to a detailed re-analysis
of all the available evidence, published in The Lancet Oncology journal.
FMc concentrations were significantly higher in the controls than in the women with history
of breast cancer (p = 0.01) in a model
of the ranked values adjusted for age, number
of children, birth
of a son, history
of miscarriage,
oral contraceptive use, and total number
of genomes tested.
Factors examined as potential confounders or effect modifiers included age (at breast cancer diagnosis for cases, at time
of study enrollment for controls), age at first birth, number
of children, birth
of a son, history
of breastfeeding, miscarriage, abortion,
oral contraceptive use, smoking status, age at menarche and number
of cell equivalents tested for detection
of FMc.
Women who
use low - dose
oral contraceptive pills have a two-fold increased risk
of a fatal heart attack compared to non - users.9 Women who take
oral contraceptives and smoke have a 12-fold increase in fatal heart attacks and a 3.1-fold increase in fatal brain hemorrhage.10 Women who
use the Pill after the age
of 45 have a 144 percent greater risk
of developing breast cancer than women who have never
used it.11
Lead author Angelica Lindén Hirschberg, MD, professor
of women's and children's health at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, says that doctors know surprisingly little about
oral contraceptives» effects on women's health — despite the fact that an estimated 100 million women around the world
use them.
A 2013 research review published in Obstetrics and Gynecology examined the results
of 55 studies and found that for women with average risk,
using oral contraceptives reduced lifetime risk
of ovarian cancer by 40 to 50 %.
More than 20 well - controlled studies have demonstrated the clear risk
of pre-menopausal breast cancer with the
use of oral contraceptives.
However, women in this study who were exercising but also
using oral contraceptives did not show the same benefit: their bones remained the same in spite
of the exercise regimen.
In a 2011 study published in BMJ Open, researchers suggested there might be a link between
oral contraceptive use by women, and rising rates
of prostate cancer (an estrogen - sensitive cancer) in men, due to the excess estrogen from women making its way into our drinking water.
The
use of medications, such as antidepressants, cortisone and
oral contraceptives, may cause obesity by increasing appetite or decreasing metabolism.
The importance
of zinc status for a pregnant mother is so important, in fact, that women who have been on
oral contraceptives are advised to wait 6 months before conceiving after discontinuing
use.
Eliminate or minimize the
use of antibiotics, steroids, immune - suppressing drugs and
oral contraceptives (only after consulting with your health care provider or physician).
Poor diet (high sugar and processed foods), aging, stress, hormone changes, alcohol
use and medications (
oral contraceptives, diuretics), can all affect your levels
of magnesium.
The conventional approach to severe cramps and PMS is the
use of over-the-counter pain medication and low - dose
oral contraceptives.
Use of other steroidal compounds, such as corticosteroids,
oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy contribute to the overabundance
of Candida.
1 - lack
of relaxation 2 - devitalized food 3 - unfulfilling employment (dead - end jobs) 4 - dead - end relationships (romantic or not) 5 - surgery 6 - junk food 7 - trans fats and rancid fats 8 - financial stress 9 - sedentary lifestyle 10 - excessive exercise 11 - death
of a loved one 12 - alcoholism 13 - smoking 14 - illicit drug
use 15 - prescription drug
use 16 - toxins 17 - poor eating habits 18 - marital stress 19 - repeated traumas 20 - workaholism 21 - nutritional deficiencies 22 - hormonal imbalances 23 -
oral contraceptives 24 - stimulants 25 - counterproductive attitudes and beliefs 26 - conventional hormone replacement therapy 27 - non-prescription drugs 28 - psychological stress 29 - persistent fears 30 - emotional stress 31 - lack
of sleep 32 - being in denial about feelings 33 - acute or chronic infection 34 - repeated stresses 35 - persistent negative stressors 36 - fun or enjoyment deprivation 37 - allergies 38 - caffeine 39 - white sugar and white flour products 40 - antacids 41 - artificial sweeteners and colors 42 - major life events — even if perceived consciously as «good» (e.g.: graduating high school, moving, etc..)
In this study,
oral contraceptive use was the strongest predictor
of low - grade inflammation in the body, and was quite prevalent compared to women not
using birth control, and also compared with men.
Deficiency Symptoms Folate deficiency is a common problem, especially in women (pregnancy, breastfeeding and
oral contraceptive use depletes stores
of this vitamin).
There are similar risks for younger women who
use oral contraceptives — birth control pills, which are also comprised
of synthetic hormones — have been linked to cervical and breast cancers.
Ethinylestradiol (common in
oral contraceptive pills, this is released into the environment as a xenoestrogen through the urine and feces
of women who
use this)
Case reports
of mania induction with St John's wort have resulted in limited
use of this herbal for the treatment
of both major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder.45, 46 Interactions between St John's wort and conventional drugs are mediated by the induction
of cytochrome P - 450 3A4, which results in increased metabolism and decreased absorption
of widely
used drugs, including digoxin, anticoagulants, antiretrovirals,
oral contraceptives, statins, and cyclosporine.47
As part
of the history, the doctor will want to know which, if any, risk factors for stroke you have: high blood pressure, diabetes, irregular heartbeat,
oral contraceptive use, heredity, other heart diseases, smoking, diet (especially high sodium and high cholesterol), obesity, lack
of exercise, blood disorders, and heavy alcohol consumption.
The pill also increases your risk for inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn's disease; in fact, two large prospective cohort studies
of American women linked
oral contraceptive use with Crohn's.
In the study, about 1.3 million women, with an average age
of 55, who visited UK breast cancer screening clinics between 1996 to 2001 answered a variety
of questions, including the type and frequency
of alcohol consumption, smoking, body mass index, exercise, and
use of oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy.
Although
oral contraceptives are highly effective at preventing pregnancy, about 9 percent
of women get pregnant the first year
of using them.
Compared with women who did not
use multivitamins, multivitamin users were more likely to have a postsecondary education, have a history
of benign breast disease, be nulliparous, and to have
used oral contraceptives and postmenopausal hormones, but they were less likely to smoke (Table 1).
Adjusted for age, education, family history
of breast cancer, history
of benign breast disease, parity, age at first birth, age at menarche, age at menopause,
oral contraceptive use, postmenopausal hormone
use, BMI, physical activity, smoking, calcium supplement
use, and alcohol intake.
On the baseline questionnaires, we requested information about age; weight and height; smoking status; physical activity; history
of diabetes in first - degree relatives;
use of postmenopausal hormone therapy;
use of oral contraceptives; and personal history
of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers.