By contrast, Pou5f1 - null mouse embryos maintained the expression
of orthologous genes, and blastocyst development was established, but maintenance was compromised.
Indeed, key aspects of most human disorders can be modeled in experimentally tractable organisms through the analysis
of orthologous genes and pathways, using the genetic, biochemical and cell biological toolboxes that have been developed in each model organism.
Functional annotation was done by comparing the reads against the Clusters
of Orthologous Genes (COGs)[45] and TIGRFAMS [46] databases using RPSBLAST [47](E-value cut - off of 10 - 5).
Using data from the National Center for Integrative Biomedical Informatics (NCIBI)'s MiMI: (Michigan Molecular Interactions) which contains data from IntAct, DIP, BIND and others, we identified conserved and predicted novel protein - protein interactions (interologs or interologues) in human, mouse, fly, worm, and yeast based on interaction
of orthologous proteins found in the other organisms.
Not exact matches
«However, because SIF - seq only requires DNA sequence from a mammal and can be used in a variety
of cell types, it should be possible to compare the neuronal enhancers present in a large genomic region from human to the neuronal enhancers present in the
orthologous chimpanzee region.
Further exploring data amount, we used the assembled ~ 1.1 - billion - bp chicken genome (40) as a reference to generate a 322 - million - bp MULTIZ alignment
of putatively
orthologous genome regions across all species, comprising ~ 30 %
of an average assembled avian genome and corresponding to the maximal
orthologous sequence obtainable across all orders under our homology criteria (SM3).
From these efforts, we identified a high - quality
orthologous gene set across avian species, consisting
of exons from 8251 syntenic protein - coding genes (~ 40 %
of the proteome), introns from 2516
of these genes, and a nonoverlapping set
of 3769 ultraconserved elements (UCEs) with ~ 1000 bp
of flanking sequences.
Of 3671 barn owl long terminal repeat TE insertion loci orthologous in all of the bird genomes, 61 were informative for owls among core landbirds and showed two dominant exclusive TE topologies: (i) an owl + Accipitrimorphae topology, as seen in the MP - EST * TENT; and (ii) an owl + Coraciimorphae topology that excludes mousebird, as seen in the UCE tree (Fig. 3G compared to Figs. 3B and 4B
Of 3671 barn owl long terminal repeat TE insertion loci
orthologous in all
of the bird genomes, 61 were informative for owls among core landbirds and showed two dominant exclusive TE topologies: (i) an owl + Accipitrimorphae topology, as seen in the MP - EST * TENT; and (ii) an owl + Coraciimorphae topology that excludes mousebird, as seen in the UCE tree (Fig. 3G compared to Figs. 3B and 4B
of the bird genomes, 61 were informative for owls among core landbirds and showed two dominant exclusive TE topologies: (i) an owl + Accipitrimorphae topology, as seen in the MP - EST * TENT; and (ii) an owl + Coraciimorphae topology that excludes mousebird, as seen in the UCE tree (Fig. 3G compared to Figs. 3B and 4B).
According to Pepper, «A problem arises when our computational methods accidentally align DNA regions that are duplicated within the genomes
of the plants being studied, rather than mapping the
orthologous regions between the plants.»
Open Reading Frame E3 - 10.9 K
of Subspecies B1 Human Adenoviruses Encodes a Family
of Late
Orthologous Proteins That Vary in Their Predicted Structural Features and Subcellular Localization.
Pepper explains, «One
of the exciting things about this approach is that it employs a widely used, well - supported, off - the - shelf bioinformatics software known as Stacks (written by Julian Catchen at the University
of Oregon) as a «filter» to enrich for pairs
of fragments that are likely to be alleles
of a single,
orthologous region, rather than paralogs or homeologs.»
When
orthologous proteins were compared between these two populations, the same pattern emerged — proteins from the smaller populations were more flawed than those from the free - living bacteria
of the same species.
In the present study, we used a combination
of BAC clone contig construction, polymorphism analysis
of DNA from congenic strains, and sequence mining
of the human
orthologous region to generate an integrated map
of the Idd10 region on mouse chromosome 3.
Of these, 126 genes were orthologous to protein - coding genes in the human genome (hereafter, human BC susceptibility genes, hBCSGs), 70 % of which are previously reported cancer - associated genes, and ∼ 16 % are known BC suppressor gene
Of these, 126 genes were
orthologous to protein - coding genes in the human genome (hereafter, human BC susceptibility genes, hBCSGs), 70 %
of which are previously reported cancer - associated genes, and ∼ 16 % are known BC suppressor gene
of which are previously reported cancer - associated genes, and ∼ 16 % are known BC suppressor genes.
RESULTS: Transcription
of the MAOA gene in rhesus monkeys is modulated by an
orthologous polymorphism (rhMAOA - LPR) in its upstream regulatory region.