Sentences with phrase «of other climate forcing»

«Fildes argues that policymakers need to be responding to a wide range of other climate forcings — not simply greenhouse gases — and considering their effects regionally as well as globally.

As the Sun provides an explicit external forcing, a better understanding of its cause and effect in climate change could help us evaluate the importance of other climate forcings (such as past and future greenhouse gas changes).

Not exact matches

Yussuff and one of the other task force members, Alberta Federation of Labour President Gil McGowan, were at the centre of the effort to secure McKenna's commitment to set up the task force and ensure financial support for laid - off coal miners, after the minister led the formation of the Powering Past Coal Alliance during last year's UN climate change conference in Bonn.

In the climate they have established, a number of indigenous denominations unrelated to Western mission agencies in origin (such as the Kimbanguists and other African independent churches, and a number of Pentecostal denominations in Latin America) have become a major force.

In this climate of austerity and the need for public sector cuts, when so many are worried about the possibility that nurses, teachers and other such essential workers will be forced out of work as government tightens its belt, it is worth noting that # 2.8 billion of taxpayers» money was spent on consultancy fees in 2005 - 06 alone.

The threat of hypothermia forces cold - climate farms to invest in heat lamps and other accommodations for their shivering piglets.

Climate change, on the other hand, is a complicated, diffuse, slow - moving set of forces.

But this phenomenon, called «upwelling» has a very variable intensity due to the variability of the currents in the Pacific Basin, to which other ocean and climate forcing mechanisms are added.

But it could conceivably play out in climate negotiations, whereby some nations might inadvertently proffer just the right mixture of emissions cuts and stubborn inaction, forcing other countries to take on a disproportionate share of the costs.

He argues that geoarchaeology — a relatively new science that combines aspects of geology and archaeology — offers the potential to make dramatic contributions to our understanding of how climate change and other large - scale environmental forces are shaping human history.

It is thus the climate commitment of only CO2, not considering other anthropogenic climate forcings.

In addition, a wide range of forcing schemes designed to span the approximate range of uncertainties associated with anthropogenic climate forcing estimates were generated and implemented in order to assess what differences in effects exist between the «best guess» counter-anthropogenic geoengineering forcing scheme and other plausible schemes.

Model simulations of 20th century global warming typically use actual observed amounts of atmospheric carbon dioxide, together with other human (for example chloroflorocarbons or CFCs) and natural (solar brightness variations, volcanic eruptions,...) climate - forcing factors.

And a proper discussion of climate change often does call for precise terms like external forcing and general circulation models, and other non-toddler friendly jargon.

James A. Edmonds • Member, IPCC Steering Committee on «New Integrated Scenarios» (2006 - present) • Lead Author, Working Group III, «Framing Issues,» IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (2007) • Lead Author, Working Group III, «Global, Regional, and National Costs and Ancillary Benefits of Mitigation,» IPCC Third Assessment Report (2001) • Lead Author, Working Group III, «Decision - Making Frameworks,» IPCC Third Assessment Report (2001) • Lead Author, Working Group III, Summary for Policy Makers, IPCC Third Assessment Report (2001) • Lead Author, Working Group II, «Energy Supply Mitigation Options,» IPCC Second Assessment Report (1996) • Lead Author, Working Group II, «Mitigation: Cross-Sectoral and Other Issues,» IPCC Second Assessment Report (1996) • Lead Author, Working Group III, «Estimating the Costs of Mitigating Greenhouse Gases,» IPCC Second Assessment Report (1996) • Lead Author, Working Group III, «A Review of Mitigation Cost Studies,» IPCC Second Assessment Report (1996) • Lead Author, Working Group III, «Integrated Assessment of Climate Change: An Overview and Comparison of Approaches and Results,» IPCC Second Assessment Report (1996) • Lead Author, IPCC Special Report, Climate Change 1994: Radiative Forcing of Climate Change and An Evaluation of the IPCC IS92 Emission Scenarios (1994) • Lead Author, IPCC Special Report, Climate Change 1992: The Supplementary Report to the IPCC Scientific Assessment (1992) • Major contributor, IPCC First Assessment Report, Working Group III, Response Strategies Working Group (1991).

Most of the non-model estimates of climate sensitivity are based on the analyses using other forcings such as solar and aerosols, and the assumption that sensitivity to CO2 will be the same, despite the differences in way these forcings couple to the climate system.

Thus, this is why people are motivated to look at ancient climates where there are times of much larger temperature changes and forcing signals, that we can hopefully relate to each other to interrogate the sensitivity problem in a more robust fashion.

The importance of heterogeneous human climate forcings does not diminish the important of added greenhouse gases, but does indicate that more attention needs to be given to these other human climate forcings, including how they can modify atmospheric and ocean circulation features.

A few other things — Mann et al. does not «get rid» of a MWP and LIA — «weaker TSI forcing would imply the presence of a stronger climatic feedback to TSI variation and / or a stronger climate sensitivity to other solar changes» — What about non-solar changes?

Since climate scientists certainly don't have a crystal ball, we generally take a range of scenarios or projections of future emissions of CO2 and other important forcings such as methane and aerosols.

Atmospheric CO2 and other GHGs have been well - measured for the past half century, allowing accurate calculation of their climate forcing.

For example, if tribes migrate (d) to a certain locale or are forced out of an ideal way of life due to cataclysm etc, (such as leaving fruit bearing tropical climates due to sea level rise in ancient prehistory as seen from underwater megalithic stone temples from around the world) then that does nt mean their way of life currently is the most ideal that the body thrives on, such as «paleo» diet or atkins diet or other FAD BULLSHIT low carb, high fat diets that are EXTREMELY HARMFUL AS CITED CONCLUSIVELY.

The graphics are a bit Windows 2000, but the idea is neat: it controls the climate system or other parts of the set - up (automatic headlights, unlocking regime and so on), activates a trip computer, triggers a g - force meter or opens a bar - graph history of your efforts at driving economically.

Now the Robert Rauschenberg Foundation, which he set up to provide support for causes that were important to him, is joining forces with two other like - minded organizations to present a series of exhibitions, panel discussions and performances that will explore climate change.

To better understand what Kilimanjaro and other tropical glaciers are telling us about climate change, one ultimately ought to drive a set of tropical glacier models with GCM simulations conducted with and without anthropogenic forcing (greenhouse gases and sulfate aerosol).

The absence of convincing attribution of periods other than 1976 - present to anthropogenic forcing leaves natural climate variability as the cause — some combination of solar (including solar indirect effects), uncertain volcanic forcing, natural internal (intrinsic variability) and possible unknown unknowns.

Some other forcings have a very small global radiative forcing and yet lead to large impacts (orbital changes for instance) through components of the climate that aren't included in the default set - up.

The other point is that attribution studies evaluate the extent to which patterns of model response to external forcing (i.e., fingerprints) simulations explain climate change in * observations.

While the local, seasonal climate forcing by the Milankovitch cycles is large (of the order 30 W / m2), the net forcing provided by Milankovitch is close to zero in the global mean, requiring other radiative terms (like albedo or greenhouse gas anomalies) to force global - mean temperature change.

In general, I heartily agree — other forcings are important, even essential, for understanding observed climate variability and, as a community, we are only just starting to get to grips with some of the more complicated effects.

The assessment based on these results typically takes into account the number of studies, the extent to which there is consensus among studies on the significance of detection results, the extent to which there is consensus on the consistency between the observed change and the change expected from forcing, the degree of consistency with other types of evidence, the extent to which known uncertainties are accounted for in and between studies, and whether there might be other physically plausible explanations for the given climate change.

In it, he has made clear that he feels that apart from greenhouse gases, other climate forcings (the changes that affect the energy balance of the planet) are being neglected in the scientific discussion.

One can see a number of basic flaws here; the complete lack of appreciation of the importance of natural variability on short time scales, the common but erroneous belief that any attribution of past climate change to solar or other forcing means that CO2 has no radiative effect, and a hopeless lack of familiarity of the basic science of detection and attribution.

The other internal variations can be a little difficult to characterise (it isn't as simple as just a super-position of all the climate acronyms you ever heard of NAO+SAM+PDO+AMO+MJO etc.), but the external (natural) forcings are a little easier.

Also, in watching several presentations and reading several papers by Kirkby, I never found him dismissing Milankovitch forcings at all, but rather outlining how the GCR / cloud modulation link could fit nicely into other missing pieces of the climate puzzle.

Modelling uncertainty currently is such that in some climate models, this amount of freshwater (without any other forcing) would shut down deep water formation, in some it wouldn't.

In other words he apparently thinks we live in a world of mysterious forces which are utterly incomprehensible and climate has responded like a voodoo doll to invisible hands through time.

Ruling out solar as a forcing would be equivalent to saying ENSO and the NPI and other forms of natural variability no longer play a role in climate change because of CO2....

The problem here is that the «forcings» are in fact some other inherent variables of the very same climate - bearing system, but there is no clear separation of time scales that allow for any sort of coherent theories like «averaging of fast motion» that results in Landau - Ginzburg - type equations for «slow envelopes».

Some of them are optimal fingerprint detection studies (estimating the magnitude of fingerprints for different external forcing factors in observations, and determining how likely such patterns could have occurred in observations by chance, and how likely they could be confused with climate response to other influences, using a statistically optimal metric), some of them use simpler methods, such as comparisons between data and climate model simulations with and without greenhouse gas increases / anthropogenic forcing, and some are even based only on observations.

What we will learn is that human emitted carbon is merely «a drop in the pond» and that other factors which the «enthusiasts» have conveniently dismissed and the IPCC and other models have ignored are the real drivers and forcing of climate over both the long and short terms.

In other words, it is possible that the the climate system does exhibit some kind of long - term chaos in some circumstances, but that the forcing is strong enough to wipe out any significant uncertainty due to initial conditions — at least if one is content to forecast statistical quantities such as, for example, decadal mean January temperatures in some suitably large region, or perhaps temperature variances or quartiles taken over a similar period.

President Bush and members of his administration have criticized environmentalists» moves under the endangered species law and other statutes to force federal action on climate change.

They are not tuned to trends, events (such as Pinatubo), paleo - climates (6kyr BP, LGM, 8.2 kyr event, D / O events, the PETM, the Maunder Minimum or the Eocene), other forcings (solar, orbital etc.)-- thus every match to those climate changes is «out of sample» in the sense you mean.

There's a long history of assertions that clouds can be a substantial driver of climate change, distinct from their clear potential to amplify or blunt (depending on the type of cloud) a change set in motion by some other force.

The ratios of these forcings, in other words, would be no different in present - day studies, if the climate is thought to be more sensitive to forcings in general.

Summary for Policymakers Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Observations: Atmosphere and Surface Chapter 3: Observations: Ocean Chapter 4: Observations: Cryosphere Chapter 5: Information from Paleoclimate Archives Chapter 6: Carbon and Other Biogeochemical Cycles Chapter 7: Clouds and Aerosols Chapter 8: Anthropogenic and Natural Radiative Forcing Chapter 8 Supplement Chapter 9: Evaluation of Climate Models Chapter 10: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change: from Global to Regional Chapter 11: Near - term Climate Change: Projections and Predictability Chapter 12: Long - term Climate Change: Projections, Commitments and Irreversibility Chapter 13: Sea Level Change Chapter 14: Climate Phenomena and their Relevance for Future Regional Climate Change Chapter 14 Supplement Technical Summary

Other nonradiative forcings modify the biological components of the climate system by changing the fluxes of trace gases and heat between vegetation, soils, and the atmosphere and by modifying the amount and types of vegetation.

On the other hand, there is no reason to believe that the Walker circulation should change smoothly as a function of climate forcings; perhaps the potential for change builds up over many years, and manifests itself all of a sudden, in the fashion of an avalanche.

What prevents that is the lack of thorough calculations of the net and individual forcings in the other climate models.