The reason fat accumulates in this area is due to it having a large concentration
of cortisol receptors.
According to Dr. Lam the central abdomen contains a lot
of cortisol receptors and cortisol can store energy (in the form of fat).
The majority
of our cortisol receptors are in the abdomen, hence this becomes the primary storage area.
There is also an increased sensitivity of the hypothalamic - pituitary - adrenal axis (HPA), with a strong negative feedback of cortisol, due to a generally increased sensitivity
of cortisol receptors (Yehuda, 2001).
Not exact matches
The study found that loneliness desensitizes the glucocorticoid
receptors, cutting off the immune control and anti-inflammatory effects
of cortisol, a stress - related hormone that also helps regulate the conversion
of carbohydrates to energy.
Both the amygdala, which tags memories for emotional significance, and the hippocampus, which processes the factual details
of events for memory storage, have many
cortisol receptors.
Cortisol normally binds to these receptors; with fewer of them present, there is more cortisol and less resilience to feelings of
Cortisol normally binds to these
receptors; with fewer
of them present, there is more
cortisol and less resilience to feelings of
cortisol and less resilience to feelings
of stress.
Stroud was interested in studying epigenetic changes, or chemical modifications that turn genes on and off, in DNA for the glucocorticoid
receptor gene that regulates passage
of cortisol from mother to fetus.
It may also reduce the ability
of stress hormones like
cortisol to bind to
receptors.
In addition, the chronic elevation
of cortisol levels caused by excessive stress negatively affects the
receptors for both insulin and leptin, which makes it harder for the body to read the signals
of those hormones, thus keeping fat trapped in the cells and making you hungry all the time.
If
cortisol is bound to a greater number
of cell
receptors, protein breakdown is increased; however, if anabolic hormones such as testosterone and GH occupy a greater number
of receptors, protein is enhanced.
Extra progesterone is necessary to overcome the blockade
of its
receptors by
cortisol.
Fat cells in the belly have four times more
cortisol receptors compared to fat cells located in other parts
of our body.
11β - hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase II (11β - HSD II) is found in salivary glands and aldosterone - selective tissues, e.g. kidneys, where it oxidizes
cortisol to cortisone to prevent activation
of the mineralocorticoid
receptor.
Caffeine boosts energy temporarily by raising
cortisol, but as we've seen, high
cortisol can block progesterone
receptors: your daily jolt may be decreasing the ability
of your progesterone to bind to its
receptor and do its job.
Cortisol binds
receptors inside
of brain cells and causes them to admit more calcium through the channels and their membrane.
By blocking
cortisol receptors, progesterone essentially blocks the action
of excess
cortisol, even when excess
cortisol is present.
And it's interesting to know that a lot
of receptors for
cortisol are actually right around our bellies and hips.
While salivary
cortisol levels can be a good starting point for assessing the
cortisol curve, it doesn't tell us everything about the health
of the glucocorticoid
receptors or HPA system as a whole.
First, the cycle
of Oxandrolone makes possible to strengthen protein synthesis; secondly, Anavar increases the level
of human growth hormone; third, it blocks
cortisol receptors in the membranes
of muscle cells; in the fourth, it increases the concentration
of creatine phosphate.
It's possible that this mental stress activated by cannabinoid
receptor stimulation increases stress hormones, or it's possible that the cannabinoids in marijuana directly stimulate your body to secrete
cortisol regardless
of any mental anxiety.
''... increased levels
of pro-inflammatory mediators were also frequently accompanied by a concomitant elevation in anti-inflammatory markers (i.e., adiponectin, Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)- b1, IL - 1
receptor antagonist (IL - 1RA),
cortisol, and anti-inflammatory arachidonic acid - derived compounds...»
The hippocampus, the region
of the brain where memories are processed and stored, contains many
cortisol receptors.
One mechanism that could explain this pattern is down - regulation
of corticotropin - releasing hormone (CRH)
receptors in the pituitary due to chronic CRH hypersecretion from the hypothalamus (55); chronic CRH hypersecretion would be associated with elevated
cortisol levels initially and reduced levels later in development once
receptors have been down - regulated.
Saliva collection was chosen because it is the most frequently used procedure in studies in young children.11, 13,14,17,25 This convention has emerged because
of the ease
of collection for assessments at multiple time points, the stress - free nature
of the procedures, and the observation that salivary
cortisol levels reflect levels
of the biologically active hormone available to central nervous system
receptors.39
That is, the placental enzyme 11β - hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β - HSD2), which serves as a partial barrier, may be downregulated by an increase in maternal
cortisol such that a proportion
of maternal
cortisol passes through the placenta [50], resulting in alterations in
receptor expression in areas accompanying changes in neural development [51].
Children in the intervention group showed lower
cortisol levels, with a moderating role
of the dopamine
receptor D4 (DRD4) VNTR exon III polymorphism.
Prenatal exposure to maternal depression, neonatal methylation
of human glucocorticoid
receptor gene (NR3C1) and infant
cortisol stress response