Sentences with phrase «of oxygen evolution»
He will study catalytic processes of oxygen evolution and CO2 reduction using ab initio calculations.
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Catalysis of the oxygen evolution reaction in strongly acidic electrolytes with earth - abundant crystalline nickel - manganese antimonate B. Brunschwig, N. Lewis, C. MacFarland, I. Moreno - Hernandez, K. Papadantonakis, C. Read
«There are not many known photocatalysts capable of oxygen evolution, and this work expands the space of such materials in non-incremental fashion,» Neaton says.
Oxygen electrochemistry plays a key role in renewable energy technologies such as fuel cells and electrolyzers, but the slow kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) limit the performance and commercialization of such devices.
Not exact matches
The elevated availability of nutrients and bolstered oxygen also likely fueled evolution's greatest lunge forward.
The spate of big hits at the end of the Archean coincides with the buildup of oxygen in the atmosphere and the evolution of the first multicellular organisms.
Researchers working in Papua New Guinea think they may have been wiped out when the level of oxygen in the oceans rose dramatically, stimulating the evolution of oxygen - hungry fish that simply out - competed the ammonites for resources.
«People previously thought that you needed some threshold level of oxygen for evolution to work really well,» says Carl Simpson, a paleobiologist at the University of Colorado in Boulder who was not involved in the work.
Indeed, the «Cambrian explosion» — the burst of evolution about 540 million years ago that included the birth of most of the major animal groups we know today — was enabled by oxygen deprivation, the researchers say.
«Low level of oxygen in Earth's middle ages delayed evolution for two billion years: A low level of atmospheric oxygen in Earth's middle ages held back evolution for 2 billion years, raising fresh questions about the origins of life on this planet.»
A low level of atmospheric oxygen in Earth's middle ages held back evolution for 2 billion years, raising fresh questions about the origins of life on this planet.
Thanks to evolution, the animals living there have adapted to these conditions and will have little chance to adjust when the combination of warming and lower oxygen levels hits.
Rice University scientists have created an efficient, simple - to - manufacture oxygen - evolution catalyst that pairs well with semiconductors for solar water splitting, the conversion of solar energy to chemical energy in the form of hydrogen and oxygen.
«That's what his advance is pointing towards,» he says, «finding an alternative catalyst that will allow us to do oxygen evolution (breaking the bonds of water or H2O and forming oxygen) in concert with hydrogen» on a grand scale.
Results of the study, which the researchers report online today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, show that for the first 170 million years or so of flying - insect evolution, wing length grew and shrank in step with variations in average oxygen concentration.
After about two billion years, it enabled the evolution of the many higher organisms that respire on oxygen, including us.
Professor Andrew Scott, one of the lead authors, said: «High oxygen levels in the atmosphere at this time has been proposed for some time and may be why there were giant insects and arthropods at this time but our research indicates that there was a significant impact on the prevalence and scale of wildfires across the globe and this would have affected not only the ecology of the plants and animals but also their evolution.»
In addition, the connection between iron levels and oxygen production found here will help researchers to reconstruct the long - term processes behind the evolution of animals — which need high levels of oxygen.
«We found a catalyst that is very good at driving both the opposing oxygen evolution reaction and the oxygen reduction reaction,» said senior author Ho Nyung Lee of ORNL's Materials Science and Technology Division.
The performance of the new catalyst was better than that of platinum, a noble metal that is known to excel at driving both oxygen evolution and reduction reactions.
A new study led by University of California, Riverside astronomers casts light on how young, hot stars ionize oxygen in the early universe and the effects on the evolution of galaxies through time.
If the enzyme is an evolutionary predecessor of Photosystem II, then evolution borrowed an enzyme that was originally used for chlorophyll synthesis and used it to evolve an enzyme that could produce oxygen, which ultimately led to changes in Earth's atmosphere,» said Bryant.
«The next logical step is to ask how this delayed the evolution of oxygen - demanding life forms,» says Swanner.
«Using oxygen as a tracer of galactic evolution.»
One was the evolution of photosynthesis in microbes, the ability to convert sunlight into energy, giving off oxygen.
Co-author Professor Tim Lenton of the University of Exeter adds: «We already think this cycle was key to helping stabilise atmospheric oxygen during the Phanerozoic (the last 542 million years)-- and that oxygen stability is a good thing for the evolution of plants and animals.
The finding challenges the standard view that the evolution of animals was delayed by a lack of sufficient oxygen for them to breathe — and fits with a theory that the first animals may have helped raise oxygen levels.
Another clue that the newly identified enzyme could represent an early stage in the evolution of photosynthesis is that the enzyme requires light to catalyze its reaction and may not require oxygen, as scientists had previously suspected.
«Lots of oxygen does not necessarily lead to the evolution of advanced life.»
«Interactions between oxygen and iron dictate Earth's formation, differentiation — or the separation of the core and mantle — and the evolution of our atmosphere, so naturally we were curious to probe how such reactions would change under the high - pressure conditions of the deep Earth,» said Mao.
Early land plants had already started leaking oxygen into the atmosphere, creating soils and providing food and shelter for animals, and the evolution of trees upped the pace of change.
If oxygen was a driver of the early evolution of animals, only a slight bump in oxygen levels facilitated it, according to a multi-institutional research team that includes a Virginia Tech geoscientist.
In a paper published last week in the journal Science, the research team presented an oxygen evolution catalyst that worked in harsh conditions and beat all of its competitors.
Jaramillo and his collaborators sought to develop a catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction, the notoriously slow half of the water - splitting process.
«Amber provides new insights into the evolution of Earth's atmosphere: Low oxygen levels for dinosaurs.»
Tappert now suggests to reconsider these theories: «We do not want to negate the influence of oxygen for the evolution of life in general with our study, but the gigantism of dinosaurs can not be explained by those theories.»
The researchers are now working to make their oxygen evolution catalyst more efficient and less expensive, as well as teasing out the physics of what makes the material work so well.
The discovery builds upon the researchers» creation of a simple oxygen - evolution catalyst revealed earlier this year.
This newly established lab is capable to design and fabricate a wide variety of advanced materials for oxygen reduction, hydrogen oxidation, water oxidation, and hydrogen evolution, among others.
The resulting oxygenation of Earth's atmosphere profoundly affected the evolution of life, leading to more complex organisms that consumed oxygen, which were the ancestors of all modern oxygen - breathing creatures including humans.
In this way, such an impeccable system was complete where living organism generates oxygen and the ozone layer, and as a result of it, creatures make further evolution.
«In this new study we report data from the S3 (2 - flash) and S0 (3 - flash) states, which are the intermediate states directly before and after the evolution of the oxygen molecule.
High throughput, multi-pH evaluation of earth - abundant pseudo-quaternary metal oxide catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction J. Haber, D. Guevarra, R.J.R. Jones, K. Kan, J. Gregoire
By integrating theory and experiment, we validate our approach and develop important new insights into structure - property relationships for TMOs for oxygen evolution photocatalysts, paving the way for use of first - principles data - driven techniques in future applications.
Jeffrey Neation, «High - Throughput Discovery of Electrochemically Stable Photocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution»
Reprinted with permission from Klaus, S., Cai, Y., Louie, M. W., Trotochaud, L. & Bell, A. T. Effects of Fe Electrolyte Impurities on Ni (OH) 2 / NiOOH Structure and Oxygen Evolution Activity.
This not only suggests that liquid - ordered membranes may be common outside the Domain Eukarya, but it decouples the evolution of this trait from the requirement for molecular oxygen.
Haber, J. A., Guevarra, D., Jung, S. H., Jin, J. & Gregoire, J. M. Discovery of New Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysts by Combinatorial Investigation of the Ni - La - Co - Ce Oxide Composition Space.
The group exhibition «OXYGEN — FRAGMENTED CITIES+IDENTITIES» in Bogota, examines how every human being lives relating himself to the built and unbuilt geographical contexts, the cities as result of human evolution.
«Nature Chemistry,» publish the idea from Professor Lee Cronin and Mark Symes of Glasgow University in a paper called, «Decoupling Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution During Electrolytic Water Splitting Using a Proton - Coupled Electron Buffer.»