And we do also have an example
of pair bonding among the primates: the gibbon.
Using genetic tools, researchers have also acquired evidence that OT and AVP play a role in the formation
of the pair bond.
Therefore, various nontraditional animal models, which display pair bond formation — including marmosets (Callithrix penicillata), titi monkeys (Callicebus cupreus), California mice (Peromyscus californicus), and prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster)-- have emerged as better alternative animal models to study the neural correlates
of pair bond formation (Carter et al., 1995; Bester - Meredith et al., 1999; Bales et al., 2007; de Jong et al., 2009; Smith et al., 2010).
Interestingly, the association between the gene variants of the OTR and AVPR1A and the quality
of pair bonding is also detected in the partner's perception of marital satisfaction (Walum et al., 2008, 2012).
Not exact matches
The common element is that any long position taken in a specific equity is offset by a short position in either a merger partner (risk arbitrage), an «overvalued» member
of the same sector (long / short
paired trading), a convertible
bond (convertible arbitrage), a futures contract (index arbitrage) or an option contract (volatility arbitrage).
That's why it's encouraging that a
pair of recent reports show that investors paid less in expenses last year across their stock,
bond and other types
of funds.
Sex was created for the
bonding of a
pair and for the sake
of the family.
Because
of the time it takes for a human child to grow up,
pair -
bonding seems to have been the norm in pre-agricultural societies.
Without abrogating or even modifying the laws that determine
bondings and
pairings of atoms or molecules, principles pertaining to the biotic dimension can still control and orient physico - chemical processes in an extravagantly abundant variety
of ways.
Still is it not possible that the specific sequence
of base -
pairs in a DNA molecule is extraneous to the chemistry which
bonds the nucleic acids to one another?
Because
of the intimate communication over a long period
of time, therapy group members tend to develop strong
bonds which sometimes leads to sexual
pairing.
Pair bonding may not be the best or only way to serve our genes but then there is no reason why we have to accept the so called «selfish gene» theory, that we are
of value only as gene carriers (the theory popularised by Richard Dawkins in The Selfish Gene.
Without any expression
of bodily or emotional
pair -
bonding love, this guy is merely a caricature created by authors» for their purposes.
As the
pair embraced, it was a little insight into the relationship that the Argentine tactician has with his players as he looks to have formed a close
bond with Son on the evidence
of this video, and it's highly likely that it's the same for the others too.
Liverpool captain Steven Gerrard will wear special editions boots for his final game against at Anfield against Crystal Palace this weekend, as Adidas have announced they have designed a
pair of boots that represents his
bond with the Merseyside outfit.
Bonds stood in front
of his locker on Sunday, stripped to his comic - book superhero musculature except for a
pair of shorts, and smiled — yes, smiled — in defeat.
Some researchers have looked into what role genes might have in our tendency to cheat, like last year's study on a certain variant
of the dopamine gene DRD4 — and dopamine is the force behind our sexual drives, survival needs and
pair -
bonding behaviors.
But, we kind
of need to stay
pair -
bonded until the kids leave the nest.
This message has helped my children quickly
bond with our new au
pair while they are still grieving the loss
of their last one.
Much
of the available brain research takes place on animals that tend to mirror human patterns
of forming
pair bonds and co-parenting.
Terence Mentor's post — picked up by several news outlets — revealed his envy at the
bond the
pair have developed, and his jealousy
of their obvious and natural connection.
This
pair of three - year - old brothers are intently
bonded and share just about everything, from their mutual interests to the amount
of joy and happiness they bring to a room.
I could never imagine myself denying the
pair of them a relationship, opportunities to play and laugh and
bond.
Tee: Free People, Shorts: Treasure &
Bond (really cute on sale
pair of shorts), Sandals: Tory Burch, Bracelet: Stella & Dot, Sunglasses: Prada, Bag: Barrington Gifts (SANTAJULY for 10 % off)
One hypothesis is that oxytocin release during key
pair -
bonding events like sexual climax or childbirth helps cement the image
of a partner or a newborn in the mind's eye.
In the double - helix configuration, two strands
of DNA are joined to each other by hydrogen
bonds in an arrangement known as base
pairing.
Once the
bond is formed, which can take three years, the
pair reunites every two years until one
of them dies.
Most significant was the September unveiling by Japanese researchers
of a powerful linkage between two silicon atoms that share three
pairs of electrons — a so - called triple
bond.
The zirconium sapped the loyalty
of the electrons
bonding the nitrogen
pairs, weakening the link between the two atoms and letting hydrogen weasel in and latch onto the nitrogen.
«
Pair -
bonding in voles is not exactly the same as in people, but we believe that it likely shares many
of the underlying neural mechanisms as falling in love in humans,» says Liu.
Mates gained often have to be retained to reap the adaptive rewards inherent in
pair -
bonding — an evolutionary hallmark
of our species.»
«We were surprised by how reliably the marmoset monkeys exchanged their vocalizations in a cooperative manner, particularly since in most cases they were doing so with individuals that they were not
pair -
bonded with,» says Asif Ghazanfar
of Princeton University.
As a first test, the researchers implanted electrodes into the brains
of females to identify the circuitry activated when they naturally formed a
pair bond and mated.
Elementary chemistry distinguishes two kinds
of strong
bonds between atoms in molecules: the covalent
bond, where
bonding arises from valence electron
pairs shared between neighboring atoms, and the ionic
bond, where transfer
of electrons from one atom to another leads to Coulombic attraction between the resulting ions.
«It's like remote control
of the brain circuitry to create a
pair bond,» says Robert Liu at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, and a member
of the team using technology to play Eros.
Professionals and the parents
of twins often remark on the special
bond between identical
pairs — how as children they act and communicate on the same invisible wavelength.
DNA sequence discrimination by CAP derives both from sequence - dependent distortion
of the DNA helix and from direct hydrogen -
bonding interactions between three protein side chains and the exposed edges
of three base
pairs in the major groove
of the DNA.
Drying oils, such as linseed and walnut, are unsaturated; their fatty acids contain plenty
of double
bonds between
pairs of carbon atoms.
But whereas those materials were made up
of covalent
bonds — in which
pairs of atoms share electrons — these 2 - D metals are composed
of metallic
bonds, where electrons flow more freely among atoms.
Ninety - nine percent
of mammal species never form lasting
pair -
bonds, and those that do continue to bear illegitimate offspring — as many as 80 percent
of them, in the case
of the «monogamous» red fox.
It has been known for decades that many
pair -
bonded bird species engage in extra-
pair matings, and up to half the eggs
of any brood may result from this.
What's more, the p45 protein was able to bind to the specific region in the p75 protein that is critical for the formation
of the p75
pair, thus decreasing the amount
of p75
pairs that
bond to inhibitors release from myelin.
To help solve the paradox
of aggregation and
pair bonding, the researchers examined the striatum, a brain area that regulates both social and sexual behaviors and that encodes reward signals via a molecule called dopamine.
Once the
bond is established, which can take three years, the
pair will normally reunite every two years until one
of them dies.
Kimberly A. Young
of Florida State University and her colleagues found that
pair -
bonded voles responded less than unattached, sexually naive voles to the rewarding properties
of amphetamine.
Bonds between atoms routinely involve two electrons, like a
pair of ballroom dancers.
Bacteria begin to slowly break these polysaccharides, tearing out
pairs of carbon and phosphorus atoms (called C - P
bonds) from their molecular structure.
And once you start
pair bonding you open the door for all kinds
of things, like extended childhood and more complex social interactions — all the kinds
of things that humans do today.»
«That shift was an important first step in our lineage's evolutionary history, and it set the stage for the evolution
of standing up on two legs and
pair bonding.
Conquering the divide and mating with a female after just six hours
of her company can form a lifelong
pair -
bond between voles.