Sentences with phrase «of photons it emits»

They also capitalized on another aspect of light: The exact number of photons emitted by a source at any instant is fundamentally unpredictable.

They wrote some code to change the number and wavelength of the photons emitted by their computer screens as a day progressed.

In the past, researchers have focused on maximizing the electrical current flowing inside of the solar cell, rather than maximizing the number of photons emitted when light hits the surface of the cell.

One way to measure how an object's brightness changes is to count the number of photons it emits over time.

Transitions between these levels is governed by quantum numbers and are allowed or forbidden by selection rules, so the energy of photons emitted or absorbed is subject to these rules.

Not exact matches

When the atom drops from the higher to the lower energy state, it emits a photon, or light particle, in the form of a radio wave 21 centimeters long.

«The gas which forms the major part of the insterstellar medium,» explains Jorge García Rojas, a researcher at the IAC who is the first author on the paper «can be observed because its atoms are ionized by the photons emitted by the hot stars embedded inside it (which can either very massive stars, or white dwarfs, which are also very hot).

When one of these excited electrons falls back to its original state it emits a photon, which in turn stimulates another electron to emit a photon, and so on.

The crystal emitted pairs of photons entangled so that their polarization states would be opposite when one was measured.

Einstein's Equivalence Principle requires that any two photons of different frequencies, emitted at the same time from the same source and traveling through the same gravitational fields, should arrive at Earth at exactly the same time.

In the 1970s Hawking introduced the concept of Hawking radiation — photons emitted by black holes due to quantum fluctuations.

They have indeed discovered a compact galaxy emitting a large number of ionizing photons, which are responsible for this transformation of the Universe.

The instruments that search for these products of dark matter annihilation were conceived as telescopes or detectors to look at particles and photons emitted by galaxies and the exotic objects that lie within them.

The energized atoms then emit photons as the weak laser pulse passes through the glass slabs, allowing the laser beam to pick up trillions of extra photons.

A pulse of visible light just 380 attoseconds long served as a flashbulb to probe how electrons emit photons when struck with light

The upconversion nanorods can preferentially harvest the IR solar photons, followed by the absorption of emitted high - energy photons to generate extra photocurrent in solar cells.

The 511 keV photons are only emitted by the spin - 0 states of Ps, and this takes place within about 0.1 nanosecond after a spin - 0 state is formed.

Crucially, since the artificial horizon can only trap photons in a certain range of wavelengths, it can only emit Hawking radiation in that range.

In pondering the quantum interactions between matter and light, Einstein found he could calculate neither the timing nor the direction of the photons spontaneously emitted from atoms.

But for a black hole of 1012 kilograms, which is about the mass of a mountain, it is 1012 kelvins — hot enough to emit both massless particles, such as photons, and massive ones, such as electrons and positrons.

A moment later, the atom emits a clone of that photon, which then continues the journey.

The approach would involve combining light - emitting diodes (LEDs) with a superconductor to generate entangled photons and could open up a rich spectrum of new physics as well as devices for quantum technologies, including quantum computers and quantum communication.

Light tuned to a particular frequency causes the system to jump from a low - energy to high - energy state, or vice versa, absorbing or emitting a photon, or particle of light, in the process.

Diodes are composed of two conductive materials, such as silicon or germanium; the light - emitting variety uses materials such as gallium arsenide, which releases photons when electricity flows through it.

«We've proved that generating entanglement between photons emitted from an LED can be achieved by adding another peculiar physical effect of superconductivity — a resistance - free electrical current in certain materials at low temperatures.»

«A gas at millions of degrees also radiates energy; much of it is emitted in the form of very high - energy x-ray photons.

A higher number of layers means that the electron changes its energy states when it passes through the structure, and therefore the number of emitted photons increases.

Upon recombination, a photon is emitted with the energy of approximately the semiconductors energy gap.

Experimental results show that almost 40 % of the photons are easily collected with a very simple optical apparatus, and over 20 % of the photons are emitted into a very low numerical aperture, a 20-fold improvement over a freestanding quantum dot, and with a probability of more than 70 % for a single photon emission.

In the same way large antennas on rooftops direct emission of classical radio waves for cellular and satellite transmissions, the nano - antenna efficiently directed the single photons emitted from the nanocrystals into a well - defined direction in space.

Due to the holes, the photons can not be emitted in all directions, but only along the waveguide, which is formed by omitting a number of holes.

The reason has to do with the relative difficulty of emitting photons that match in energy.

They light up when electrons in a semiconducting material, having started out in a position of higher energy, get trapped (or «localize») in a position of lower energy and emit the difference as a photon of light.

But it takes the massive nucleus — think again of a cow, if you like — up to 1 million times more oomph to change its energy state and emit a photon that has a shorter wavelength and much higher energy.

Photons are usually emitted in all directions, but the photonic chip is designed so that all the photons are sent out through a photonic waveguide,» explains Peter Lodahl, professor and head of the Quantum Photonics research group at the Niels Bohr Institute, University of CopePhotons are usually emitted in all directions, but the photonic chip is designed so that all the photons are sent out through a photonic waveguide,» explains Peter Lodahl, professor and head of the Quantum Photonics research group at the Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copephotons are sent out through a photonic waveguide,» explains Peter Lodahl, professor and head of the Quantum Photonics research group at the Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen.

They allow researchers to prove that single - photon sources, another key element of many optical quantum information systems, reliably emit only one photon at a time.

The ripples are so large that by the time the photons detected by COBE were emitted, the Universe was simply not old enough for a light signal to have crossed from one side of a COBE ripple to the other.

In fact, the energy emitted in the form of neutrinos within a few seconds is a few hundred times what the sun emits in the form of photons over its entire lifetime of nearly ten billion years.

Now Stephen Feeney of University College London and colleagues say they may have spotted such imprints in the cosmic microwave background (CMB), the all - sky glow that comes from photons emitted when the universe was less than 400,000 years old.

For example, from laboratory experiments we can determine the amount of amino acids produced per photon of ultraviolet radiation, and from our knowledge of stellar evolution we can calculate the amount of ultraviolet radiation emitted by the sun over the first billion years of the existence of the earth.

Depending on the state of the ions, a resonant laser pulse will either cause them to emit a photon, representing a binary 1, or remain dark, representing a zero.

Of course, for every photon the atom absorbs, it must emit one.

«In really dim light, our cones don't receive enough photons to work, but they continue to emit a low - level baseline signal to the rest of the retina that is independent of light,» he explains.

The scientists describe in today's issue of Science a mushroom - shaped microdisk, combined with a quantum dot, capable of emitting single photons (see image).

But by measuring the polarization of the emitted photon, the researchers can determine what the dark exciton's spin was.

«In quantum optics, the lack of phase advance would allow quantum emitters in a zero - index cavity or waveguide to emit photons which are always in phase with one another,» said Philip Munoz, a graduate student in the Mazur lab and co-author on the paper.

It has long been established that any excited atom will reach its lowest state by emitting photons, and the spectrum of light and microwaves emitted from them represents a kind of atomic fingerprint and it is a unique identifier.

Light can also be scattered: The surface electrons can grab the photon's energy and then eject a photon of the same wavelength, which is how you see pretty much everything that doesn't emit light on its own.

The photons emitted by such explosions, traveling at the speed of light, or about 300,000 kilometers per second, can still take billions of years to reach Earth, covering distances so vast it exceeds human comprehension.

A team led by Prof. Laszlo Veisz has developed a novel high - power laser capable of emitting bursts of infrared light — each consisting of only a few oscillation cycles — which contain 100 times as many photons per pulse as in conventional systems.