Sentences with phrase «of photosynthetic cyanobacteria»

The nitrogen - eaters belong to two families of photosynthetic cyanobacteria and a distantly related proteobacteria group, the researchers report in the 9 August issue of Nature.

Not exact matches

But with our planet as their guide, astrobiologists are forced to acknowledge that oxygen may be the least likely thing they will ever see — genetic evidence suggests the complex oxygen - producing photosynthetic pathway pioneered by cyanobacteria is an extraordinary evolutionary innovation that only appeared once throughout the entire multi-billion-year history of Earth's biosphere.

«This is probably because cyanobacteria are naturally photosynthetic — they're actually responsible for a large fraction of the photosynthesis in the ocean — and so whether the cell is energized or not is a good indication of whether it's day or night,» he says.

To remedy that absence, Golden's lab, along with plant physiologist Takao Kondo and colleagues at Nagoya University in Japan, developed an easy - to - read gauge of changing photosynthetic activity in colonies of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus, a blue - green alga whose one - celled organisms divide as often as once every 5 to 6 hours.

The team presents new isotopic data showing that a burst of oxygen production by photosynthetic cyanobacteria temporarily increased oxygen concentrations in Earth's atmosphere.

On the other hand, many anaerobic microbes including methanogens are easily poisoned by oxygen, and the recent discovery of banded sediments with rusted iron on Akilia Island in West Greenland suggests that oxygen - producing, photosynthetic microbes (e.g., cyanobacteria) living on the surface of wet areas to gather sunlight may have developed by the end of this geologic period (3.85 billion years ago) despite continuing bombardment from space.

Many of these microbes persist today; for example, blue - green (cyanobacteria) or bright green, photosynthetic bacteria use light from the Sun and chlorophyll to convert carbon dioxide and water into «free» molecular oxygen and carbon, made into essential organic substances such as carbohydrates.

Cyanosite — NASA image of Chroococcidiopsis Dividing Chroococcus sp., a type of cyanobacteria, photosynthetic microbes that also produce oxygen.

Given at least nine meters (roughly 30 feet) of water on the planet, photosynthetic microbes (including mats of algae, cyanobacteria, and other photosynthetic bacteria) and plant - like protoctists (such as floating seaweed or kelp forests attached to the seafloor) could be protected from «planet - scalding» ultraviolet flares produced by young red dwarf stars, according to Victoria Meadows of Caltech, principal investigator at the NASA Astrobiology Institute's Virtual Planetary Laboratory.

As proposed by Andrew Goldsworthy in 1987, cyanobacteria and later chloroplast - related protists and plants developed after microbes that used a purple pigment bacteriorhodopsin that absorbs green light dominated the oceans, and so the new photosynthetic cyanobacteria were forced to use the left - over light with chlorophyll that reflects green light, which was too complex to change even after purple - reflecting photosynthetic lifeforms were no longer dominant (Debora MacKenzie, New Scientist, September 10, 2010 — more on the evolution of photosynthetic life and plants on Earth).

Endosymbiotic theory posits a later parallel origin of the chloroplasts; a cell ate a photosynthetic cyanobacterium and failed to digest it.

Regardless of when the cyanobacteria appeared, it is widely accepted that they comprised the predominant form of life on early earth for some two billion years, and were responsible for the creation of earth's atmospheric oxygen, consuming CO2 and releasing O2 by photosynthetic metabolism.

Objective: To understand the first steps in the evolution of photosynthetic eukaryotes and the impact plastidial endosymbioses (involving cyanobacteria or unicellular algae) had on the genomes of these organisms that are critical to the functioning of ecosystems.

It does contain a modicum of truth, however, in that the largest volume of stromatolitic formations was likely formed by biogenic processes involving photosynthetic cyanobacteria.

However, the Earth harbors a greater diversity of photosynthetic organisms than vascular plants, and includes algae, cyanobacteria, and anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria, all of which occur in a wide array of colors, due to adaptation and acclimation to different light and chemical environments.