Sentences with phrase «of placenta»

Konkel was honored at the Society's 99th Annual Meeting & Expo in Orlando, Fla., for her coverage of how exposure to endocrine - disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can affect the development of the placenta, -LSB-...] Read more

December 21, 2016 — Noteworthy NIH advances in basic research include an expanded map of the human brain, nanoparticles that convert white fat to calorie - burning brown fat, and a 3 - D cell culture model of the placenta.

In addition, the mechanism by which the ZIKV infection can cause fetal brain damage is not known, and some reports suggest that the virus is able to evade the normal immunoprotective responses of the placenta.15 Zika virus is not the only pathogen associated with neonate microcephaly.

The researchers believe this study may have implications for women stressed during pregnancy or treated clinically with glucocorticoids, if the mechanisms are similar in humans, though it is unclear yet the extent to which changes in the ability of the placenta to transport nutrients to the foetus exacerbate or protect the child from the potential adverse effects of glucocorticoid overexposure during pregnancy.

Human amniotic membrane (AM), the innermost layer of the placenta is the most common substrate used for both in vitro cultures and as a vehicle for transfer of cells during transplantation, due to its structural similarities to the ocular surface, as well as its biological and functional properties.

Pregnant mice received the natural glucocorticoid corticosterone at different times during pregnancy via their drinking water, either from days 11 to 16, days 14 - 19, or not at all; pregnancy in mice lasts 21 days and the days on which corticosterone was given corresponds to different developmental phases of the placenta.

During the malaria blood - stage infection P. falciparum parasite infects the red blood cells which bind to chondroitin sulphate A (CSA) in the intervillous spaces of the placenta, preventing the efficient transmission of nutrients to the foetus and increasing the risk of spontaneous abortion.

The embryo and mother work together to create the placenta; while the trophoblast of the embryo becomes the chorion part of the placenta, the maternal uterine cells and surrounding blood vessels form the maternal placental components (Gilbert, 2003).

These changes appear to sabotage the ability of the placenta to grow blood vessels and adequately...

An elephant - sized artificial uterus would require either an enormous surface area of engineered tissue for placental attachment, or some kind of placenta replacement.

Although the reasons for increased risk to male babies are not known, they could include developmental differences in the growth and function of the placenta, or increased sensitivity of male fetuses to environmental factors experienced by the mother, including obesity, smoking, advanced maternal age, and social deprivation.

By administering Zika virus directly into the reproductive tract of pregnant mice that have an intact immune system, the researchers found that the Zika virus appears to create disorganization in the cellular layers of the placenta that keep toxins, bacteria and viruses from crossing.

It carries instructions for making the protein syncytin, a critical element in the formation of the placenta.

This accelerated early development meant that blastocysts from overweight and obese women contained fewer cells, most notably in the outermost layer, which goes on to form a large part of the placenta.

In the 1970s biologists studying pregnant baboons were shocked as they looked at electron microscope images of the placenta.

Some researchers have suspected fetal DNA or pieces of the placenta — long known to circulate in the bodies of pregnant women — could kick off an inflammatory immune response intended to kill and clean up the intruders.

When the girl's mother was pregnant, doctors sampled the chorionic villus, part of the embryonic side of the placenta, and found that the cells contained three copies of chromosome 15.

Disturbances of the placenta's bacterial community may explain why some women give birth prematurely, and could also be one of the ways that a woman's diet affects her offspring's gut bacteria, and as a result the child's disease risk.

Even before the NICHD meeting, the international community of placenta researchers had begun to coordinate their efforts by planning a website that will list existing placenta biobanks and help match collaborators.

The research builds on Kliman's previous work, which described abnormal, microscopic pits in the skin of the placenta.

The results of the INMA project suggest that prenatal mercury exposure may, therefore, be affecting the development of the placenta and fetal growth.

«A double in the cord blood mercury concentrations (e.g. a change in the concentration from 8 to 16 micrograms per litre) is associated to a 7.7 gram reduction in the weight of the placenta and also shows a pattern of negative association with the newborn's head circumference,» explain Mario Murcia and Ferran Ballester, co-authors of the study.

Kliman thinks that the research could lead to routine analyses of placenta from at - risk newborns, particularly those with an older brother or sister with autism.

Consistent with delayed development of the placenta, expression of key placental genes was sharply curtailed in mice with zinc - deficient diets.

This discovery is obviously important to understand further the function of placenta and maternal and fetal environments.

«Using genetic markers, people have been able to go far back and show that there were retroviral infections that were responsible for the creation of the placenta in mammals,» says Moore.

The founder of Placenta Benefits in Nevada, Jodi Selander says she has seen interest in her placenta - prepping business take off.

The placenta was long thought to be, but scientists have just learned that's not true: They found bacteria on the baby's side of the placenta.

«We believe such changes in the pelvic and uterine environment could influence implantation and development of placenta, predisposing them to adverse pregnancy outcomes,» she said.

Closer examination revealed that the wombs of older mothers are less able to support the growth of a placenta, meaning the developing young have poor blood supply, which slows their growth and can cause birth defects.

«We also hope to understand the biology of the disease better by determining why these proteins are higher in women with pre-eclampsia and whether they have a role in the development of the placenta.»

The study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in June, shows that the genes in a fetus that come from the father dominate in building the fetal side of the placenta.

With the birth of a baby, and the immediate expulsion of the placenta, hormone levels plummet.

Recent studies have shown that the sophistication of the placenta stems in part from how different genes within it are activated over time.

About half the genes in question have something to do with growth — of the placenta, the fetus, or the newborn.

At least one in every eight pregnancies in the UK is affected by complications stemming from impairment of the placenta.

They then observed how the placenta developed and acted in response, finding that in mothers in which this alteration had been made, the structure of the placenta was different, and fewer nutrients reached the fetus.

As Dr. Walentin and Professor Schmidt - Ott have now shown, this regulator plays a key role in the development of the placenta.

Now, Dr. Katharina Walentin and Professor Kai Schmidt - Ott of the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin - Buch have discovered a new molecular signaling pathway which regulates the development of the placenta.

In mice, when the researchers inactivated the gene regulator GRHL2 in the fetal part of the placenta and in the embryo, the development of the labyrinth was severely disrupted.

Components of this program are critically involved in the development of the placenta.

They hope that these findings could be significant for the understanding of developmental abnormalities of the placenta and related pregnancy disorders in humans.

The latter condition, often referred to as fetal, or intrauterine, growth restriction, could signal such pregnancy problems as maternal high blood pressure, failure of the placenta to deliver enough blood, or fetal heart disease.

There is also strong evidence that the conceptus sends signals to the endometrial glands that then stimulate the development of the placenta.

Intriguingly, DNA in many of the placenta samples has the same imprinting abnormality seen in Silver - Russell, but a dampened down version of it — perhaps a smaller stretch of the gene is affected, or gene expression is less abnormal.

«We think some of these genes could be «hijacked» by cancer cells and may contribute to the shared invasive characteristics of the placenta and cancer,» Sutherland says.

To understand if cell sex might be an additional important factor influencing outcomes, the team incubated nanoparticles with human amniotic stem cells (hAMSCs) which were extracted from the amniotic layer of placenta attached to male and female fetuses.

For instance, the development of the placenta is a constant tug of war between maternal and paternal genes, which can have knock - on effects for the fetus.

Loke tackles the serious business of the immunology of the placenta and the orchestra of hormones it conducts.

In humans, this process is triggered by the withdrawal of progesterone after delivery of the placenta (2).