brings together the leading packaging decision - makers and influencers to focus on contextualizing opportunities for packaging, expanding the possibilities while bringing
perspective of our planetary boundaries.
After all, when a large enough number of local ecosystems transform, a global shift occurs, notes Johan Rockström, one of the
authors of the planetary boundaries concept and a natural resource management professor at Stockholm University.
«It would be good to define planetary boundaries at multiple scales — local, regional and global,» adds ecologist Jonathan Foley, director of the Institute on the Environment at the University of Minnesota and a
co-author of the planetary boundaries concept.
Reducing the emissions of the greenhouse gases that cause global warming makes the most sense in the
context of planetary boundaries, and many of the other thresholds collapse into it, Blomqvist and his colleagues note.
The
point of the planetary boundaries, according to its authors, is to enable an enduring human prosperity that doesn't destroy the planet's natural resources in the process — ultimately undercutting that good fortune.
The 2015 science update draws upon the over 60 scientific articles that have been published specifically scrutinizing different
aspects of the Planetary Boundaries framework (amongst them the contributions by all these four researchers), and the most recent advancements in Earth System science.
It seems hardly surprising, given the Ellis et al.'s
misunderstanding of the Planetary Boundaries framework that their interpretation of the implications of operationalizing the framework rests also on misunderstandings.
The Planetary Boundaries is, then, nothing more than a natural sciences contribution to an important societal discussion and which presents evidence which can support the
definition of Planetary Boundaries to safeguard a stable and resilient Earth system.
I've yet to see anybody seriously or credibly claiming that we have transgressed some
sort of planetary boundary for radiological pollution.
Due to these actions, the
idea of planetary boundaries (planetary boundaries) has gained momentum, and several scientists now claim that we must get ready for extremely severe scenarios and dramatic consequences.
We apply a globally uniform threshold to the AGCM, and model subgrid fluctuations in wind speed using information from the AGCM's
parameterizations of the planetary boundary layer, along with dry and moist convection.
The focus of evaluating AGCMs has been on large - scale dynamics and certain meteorological variables; far less so on the partitioning of sensible and latent heat flux, or the moisture
content of the planetary boundary layer.
Although existing analyses have quantified the links between social performance and biophysical indicators such as energy use32, greenhouse gas emissions33 and ecological footprint34, these analyses have not considered the
implications of planetary boundaries on social outcomes.
The ecological footprint and material footprint are not
part of the planetary boundaries framework, and partially overlap with the climate change indicator (they both include fossil energy as a component).
The political model that underlies the power grab of scientists is one of «trusteeship,» a form of which was described by PIK's John Schellnhuber, an early
advocate of the planetary boundaries model of global politics, in Der Spiegel:
Stop and think for a moment about the basic
elements of the planetary boundaries hypothesis: apocalyptic fears of the future, a professed desire to return to an earlier state of nature, hypocrisy about wealth, appeals to higher authorities.
A scientific framework in support of global sustainability, emerging from Earth system science and resilience research, is the recent
concept of Planetary Boundaries (Rockström et al., 2009).
Although the 2009 study's authors also noted no thresholds exist for
some of their planetary boundaries they proposed limits on land - use change, freshwater, nutrients and biodiversity based on two criteria.
To more precisely define what it is we must sustain, Johan Rockström, a professor of Environmental Science at Stockholm University, introduced the concept
of planetary boundaries, or the idea that our species must live within a safe operating space.
Citing a new Breakthrough Institute report released this week, The Economist writes that the concept
of planetary boundaries has «numerous drawbacks»: