Climate - change skeptics point out that the planet has warmed and cooled many times before, but the climate window that has allowed for human life is very narrow, even by the standards
of planetary history.
Rock, in the right spot, is a record
of planetary history, eras as long as millions of years flattened by the forces of geological time into strata with amplitudes of just inches, or just an inch, or even less.
Holocene is the formal name for the «wholly recent» epoch
of planetary history that began at the end of the last ice age 11,700 years ago.
Detection of tremolite, a mineral created in the presence of water, could be used to ascertain how long any Venusian oceans lasted as a habitat for Earth - type life over the past 4.6 billion years
of planetary history (more).
New research suggests that over millions of years
of planetary history, birds and mammals have outperformed amphibians and reptiles at adapting to changing temperatures and shifting their habitats to more suitable locations.
Kauai's ancient rocks can reveal other pieces
of planetary history, as well.
The stories that now control the course
of planetary history are leading us to destruction.
Not exact matches
This quantification
of the span
of human
history would modify the Platonic conception in the Timaeus, making the
history of the world a homogeneous and indefinite continuum, a simple reflection
of the eternal return
of the interlocking
planetary cycles, with their conjunctions and oppositions.
The
history of science provides many examples
of this combination
of analogy and innovation in the creation
of models which were useful in generating theories.4 The «Bohr model»
of the atom, in which «
planetary» electrons revolve in orbits around a central nucleus, resembles the solar system in certain
of its dynamical properties; but the key assumption
of quantum jumps between orbits had no classical parallel at all.
«A
history of Venus is stored in the atmosphere,» says Larry Esposito, a
planetary scientist at the University
of Colorado in Boulder.
The all - sky infrared survey should also map out the
history of light production by galaxies and — closer to home — the distribution
of ices in embryonic
planetary systems.
The new findings are observational evidence supporting the idea that icy bodies are also present in other
planetary systems, and have survived throughout the
history of the star's evolution.
This Gabonese biota raises questions about the
history of the biosphere at a
planetary scale.
That level
of fascination made sense in the days before telescopes could observe details in
planetary atmospheres, before space probes had explored Mars and bulldozed into a comet, and before we understood the
history of asteroid and comet collisions, linking celestial bodies large and small.
Gliese 876 is a modest star, just one - third the mass
of our sun and only 15 light - years away, but it has a
history - making
planetary system all its own.
Mars» volcanoes show evidence for activity over a larger time span than those on Earth, but their
histories of magma production might be quite different,» said Jacob Bleacher, a
planetary geologist at Goddard and a co-author on the study.
↵ † Present address: Earth and
Planetary System Science, Department
of Natural
History Sciences, Hokkaido University, N10 W8, Sapporo 060 - 0810, Japan.
Korenaga is a co-investigator
of the NASA «Alternative Earths» team, which is organized around the principle
of understanding how Earth has maintained a persistent biosphere through most
of its
history, how the biosphere manifests in «biosignatures» on a
planetary scale, and how reconstructing this
history can inform the search for life within and beyond the solar system.
The planet's death could happen very early in a solar system's
history, or it could happen billions
of years later, says
planetary scientist and co-author Rory Barnes
of the University
of Washington, Seattle.
Prevailing theories
of solar system formation, Levison explains, hold that early in the system's
history there were plenty
of icy objects left over from
planetary formation.
The results, published July 30 in Nature, provide insights into the moon's early
history, its orbital evolution, and its current orientation in the sky, according to lead author Ian Garrick - Bethell, assistant professor
of Earth and
planetary sciences at UC Santa Cruz.
Unafraid
of controversy in his role as director
of the Hayden Planetarium at the American Museum
of Natural
History, Tyson insisted that the museum deny Pluto
planetary status years before the scientific establishment caught up with the idea.
That timing, says
planetary scientist Dave Stegman, a research fellow at the University
of Melbourne in Australia, is «actually quite serendipitous — that's exactly the time in lunar
history during which a dynamo could either be dying down or just starting to ramp up.»
SOFIA, an infrared telescope that rides in the back
of a modified jumbo jet, holds appeal to both astronomers and
planetary scientists, but its large operating expenses and long
history of problems and delays had made it prime target for budget cutters.
Planetary scientists have discovered pieces
of opal in a meteorite found in Antarctica, a result that demonstrates that meteorites delivered water ice to asteroids early in the
history of the solar system.
After a few hours or weeks, depending on how super the supercomputer is, a thousand years
of planetary nebula
history is waiting in the computer's memory to be studied in detail.
Now, two new studies
of Kuiper belt objects presented October 5 at a meeting
of the American Astronomical Society's Division for
Planetary Sciences in Pasadena, Calif., may reveal a crucial hole a prevailing model
of the solar system's early
history.
The Mars Exploration Program studies Mars as a
planetary system in order to understand the formation and early evolution
of Mars as a planet, the
history of geological processes that have shaped Mars through time, the potential for Mars to have hosted life, and the future exploration
of Mars by humans.
Scientists record the size and number
of impact craters — and how eroded they are — to determine the ages and
histories of different
planetary surfaces.
This combination
of aerospace
history and
planetary science provides the entire picture
of the full life cycle
of these missions - not just their most successful moments.
«No government in the world today has explicitly assigned the responsibility for
planetary protection to any
of its agencies,» ASE member Rusty Schweickart, who flew on the Apollo 9 mission in 1969, said Friday during a panel discussion at the American Museum
of Natural
History in New York City.
The objective
of the MAVEN mission EPO program is to engage multiple audiences in the quest to understand Mars» long - term atmospheric losses, giving insight into the
history of Mars» atmosphere and climate, liquid water, and
planetary habitability.
Lloyd, J.P., Lunine, J.I., Mamajek, E., Spiegel, D.S., Covey, K.R., Shkolnik, E.L., Walkowicz, L., Chavez, M., Bertone, E., & Olmedo Aguilar, J.M., Targeting Young Stars with Kepler: Planet Formation, Migration Mechanisms and the Early
History of Planetary Systems, eprint arXiv: 1309 - 1520, 2013
The objective
of the MAVEN mission E / PO program is to engage multiple audiences in the quest to understand Mars» long - term atmospheric losses, giving insight into the
history of Mars» atmosphere and climate, liquid water, and
planetary habitability.
Cornerstone Evaluation Associates LLC is the external research firm charged with carrying out the evaluation activities necessary to determine the effectiveness and impact
of MAVEN's Education and Public Outreach (E / PO) effort and its success in achieving its overall goal to «engage multiple audiences in the quest to understand Mars» long - term atmospheric losses, giving insight into the
history of Mars» atmosphere and climate, liquid water, and
planetary habitability.»
The goal for MAVEN's informal education program is that informal science educators are equipped with the necessary tools to engage Native American youth, girls, or the public in understanding relevant aspects
of MAVEN and the
history of Mars» atmosphere and climate, liquid water, and
planetary habitability.
In a fascinating set
of projects we will look at the smallest scales and back in time, probing the mineralogy and composition
of micron - sized grains in ancient meteorites using the most sophisticated microscopic techniques, to explore the
history of volatiles and organics in
planetary building blocks at the time when the Solar System was young.
If the
history of planetary exploration is any indication, then New Horizons is bound to provide the next paradigm shift in our understanding
of the many different and fascinating worlds within our
planetary family and possibly beyond as well.
They received the prize «for discovering and characterizing the Kuiper Belt and its largest members, work that led to a major advance in the understanding
of the
history of our
planetary system.»
We explore these mechanisms for cases
of both magnetized and unmagnetized planets, in order to characterize the potential influence on the rotational
history of the star, as well as the
planetary orbital migration.
«The
history of planetary science shows us that we develop theories and models, and nature does not read our papers,» McKay said.
The Cassini Mission at Saturn has been one
of the most exciting and successful in the
history of planetary science.
In addition to providing a new perspective into the
history of Earth, the discovery is also expected to provide significant insights into the study
of planetary habitability.
Stephen G. Brush, A
History of Modern
Planetary Physics, Vol.
Data and analysis could tell
planetary scientists the
history of climate change on the Red Planet and provide further information on the
history of planetary habitability.
THE 2014 KAVLI PRIZE IN ASTROPHYSICS is awarded to Michael Edwards Brown, David Jewitt, and Jane Luu «for discovering and characterizing the Kuiper Belt and its largest members, work that led to a major advance in the understanding
of the
history of our
planetary system.»
«for discovering and characterizing the Kuiper Belt and its largest members, work that led to a major advance in the understanding
of the
history of our
planetary system»
With this exceptional leap in performance, new domains in infrared astronomy will become accessible, allowing us, for example, to unravel definitively galaxy evolution and metal production over cosmic time, to study dust formation and evolution from very early epochs onwards, and to trace the formation
history of planetary systems.
Students enrolled in this course will gain a strong foundation in the
history and principles
of planetary herbal medicine.
Explore the
planetary ruins and encounter other surviving factions that have each evolved in their own way, as you unravel the
history of a shattered civilization.