«As a result, we can extend beyond the 13 types of sugars, potentially providing universal coverage against bacteria that cause pneumonia, meningitis, sepsis and other types
of pneumococcal disease.
The study represents the «most comprehensive» coverage
of pneumococcal disease to date, researchers say.
«We have shown that HIV - infected and HIV - exposed children experience a disproportionate burden
of pneumococcal disease.
Not exact matches
Across the provinces and territories, vaccination rates for preventable
diseases like influenza, pertussis (whooping cough) and
pneumococcal (pneumonia) infections are well below national immunization uptake targets
of around 80 percent.
In fact, there are about 90
diseases related to
pneumococcal disease, and most babies are vaccinated against 13
of them (known as the PV13 vaccine).
Find out how the
pneumococcal vaccine protects young kids against some
of the worst childhood
diseases, including meningitis an...
Authorities
of the Ghana Health Service in the Eastern Region, have confirmed to Citi News the death
of a 17 - year - old boy, killed by the fast spreading the
Pneumococcal meningitis
disease.
A team led by Ron Dagan, a pediatric infectious
disease specialist at Soroka University Medical Center in Beer - Sheva, Israel, wanted to know if a new
pneumococcal vaccine based on tetanus toxoid would change infants» immune responses to the standard regimen
of vaccines, including those for diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTP), and Haemophilus influenzae type B, which protects against meningitis.
Vaccination with the
pneumococcal conjugate vaccine - 7 [PCV7 — a vaccine that covers 7 strains (serotypes)
of Streptococcus pneumoniae] is linked to overall decreases in the rate
of serious infections caused by this bacterium, such as pneumonia and meningitis, referred to as invasive
pneumococcal disease (IPD)-RSB-, but small increases in IPD caused by serotypes
of Streptococcus pneumoniae not covered by the vaccine (referred to as non-vaccine type IPD), according to a study published in PLOS Medicine this week.
The study, titled: Effects
of Vaccination on Invasive
Pneumococcal Disease in South Africa, published in the latest edition
of the New England Journal
of Medicine (NEJM), compares IPD incidence after the introduction
of PCV (post-introduction: 2011 and 2012) to incidence prior to its introduction (2005 - 2008), focusing on high - risk groups.
The majority
of resistant strains
of pneumococcus are
of types which are included in the vaccine, for this reason, vaccine introduction in South Africa, has led to a substantial decline in antibiotic resistant invasive
pneumococcal disease,» said Dr Cheryl Cohen, co-author
of the paper, Clinical Epidemiologist at the NICD and senior lecturer in the School
of Public Health at Wits.
Although incidence
of HIV among infants is decreasing in South Africa due to improved prevention
of the mother - to - child HIV transmission and the use
of anti-retrovirals, a large number
of HIV - exposed yet uninfected children remain, for whom vaccination against
pneumococcal disease may be
of particular importance to ensuring reduced risk
of life - threatening infections in childhood.
«Our findings confirm the utmost importance
of co-contribution
of pneumococcal and rotavirus vaccines in reduction
of burden
of severe diarrhea and respiratory
diseases reduction, especially during winter, the season with peak hospitalization rates
of young children,» said principal investigator, Ron Dagan, MD, Professor
of Pediatrics and Infectious
Diseases at the Pediatric Infectious
Disease Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Israel.
Now, a new vaccine under development could deal another blow to the
disease, lowering the number
of deaths even further by targeting dozens
of additional strains
of S. pneumoniae, and anticipating future versions
of the bacteria responsible for
pneumococcal disease, which includes sepsis and meningitis.
Research sheds light on initial phase
of infectious
disease and potential for prevention
of pneumococcal septicaemia
Addressing these questions is particularly important for Streptococcus pneumoniae, a nasopharyngeal commensal and respiratory pathogen, because the changes in population structure associated with the recent introduction
of partial - coverage vaccines have substantially reduced
pneumococcal disease.
In February 2002, the 7 - valent
pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7vPCV)(Prevenar; Wyeth, Sydney) was provided free in NSW for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander infants and others at high risk
of invasive
pneumococcal disease (IPD) at two, four and six months
of age.1 This was a response to higher rates
of IPD in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children compared with the total child population.2 (For ease
of reporting, henceforth Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander will be referred to as Aboriginal.)
For example, pneumonia is a
disease, but there are many types
of pneumonia — e.g.,
pneumococcal pneumonia and bronchopneumonia — each
of which has more specific symptoms, and each
of which could reasonably be considered a syndrome (although common usage may not utilize the term).