DOI: 10.5194 / tc -10-2027-2016 Sea - ice indicators
of polar bear habitat
The best known consequence of disappearing sea ice in the Arctic is the loss
of the polar bear habitat.
Stern, H., & Laidre, K. (2016) Sea - ice indicators
of polar bear habitat.
Detrimental effects include loss
of polar bear habitat and increased mobile ice hazards to shipping.
Here's where the rubber hits the road: even while the Interior Department was slowly taking steps to give these bears ESA protection, the Bush Administration opened almost 30 million acres
of polar bear habitat to oil and gas exploration, a move that by their own admission threaten polar bears.
Not exact matches
That corresponds to a roughly 3 1/2 week shift at either end — and seven weeks
of total loss
of good sea ice
habitat for
polar bears — over the 35 years
of Arctic sea ice data.
The Interior Department lists the
polar bear as a «threatened» species — one at risk
of becoming endangered — due to dangerous declines in their sea ice
habitat
While keeping the rule — which limits use
of the Endangered Species Act to curb emissions
of greenhouse gases — Salazar held open the possibility
of adding
habitat protections for the
polar bear later.
An international «Red List»
of threatened species says that the
polar bear is vulnerable to extinction because
of a projected decline in its
habitat linked to climate change that is melting sea ice in the Arctic.
«To see the
polar bear's
habitat melting and an iconic species threatened is an environmental tragedy
of the modern age,» Salazar said.
The rule in question was finalized by the Bush administration in December, six months after the
polar bear was declared a threatened species due to the melting
of its sea - ice
habitat.
The U.S. Department
of the Interior Wednesday listed the
polar bear as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA)
of 1973 based on evidence that the animal's sea ice
habitat is shrinking and is likely to continue to do so over the next several decades.
The
habitat overlap
of polar bears and their main prey, ringed seals, is disappearing and the
bears are instead getting closer to nesting birds
Sea ice is a crucial part
of the ecosystems at both poles, providing
habitat and influencing food availability for penguins,
polar bears and other native species.
By shedding light on potential mechanisms that facilitated that
bear's survival during her long swim, as well as the overall metabolism and activity
of bears, the current study «profoundly contributes to understanding the value
of summer
habitats used by
polar bears in terms
of their energetics,» Harlow says.
Amstrup adds, «It fills a gap in our otherwise extensive knowledge
of polar bear ecology and corroborates previous findings that the key to
polar bear conservation is arresting the decline
of their sea ice
habitat.»
The scientists said drilling on the coastal plain would be particularly harmful because it contains a «unique compression»
of habitats supporting animals like
polar bears, grizzly
bears, wolverines, representing «the greatest wildlife diversity
of any protected area above the Arctic Circle.»
The population looks set to fall again as melting pack ice forces
polar bears back to the land - based
habitats of brown
bears, where interbreeding has recently been observed.
Polar species, including the
polar bear, ice - dependent seals, and emperor penguins are especially vulnerable to the effects
of climate change as their unique sea ice
habitats shrink due to warming.
The Arctic Ocean's sea ice and waters are
habitat for many imperiled species, from
polar bears to bowhead whales — and they all face the threat
of dirty fossil - fuel development.
Often photographed clinging to Arctic ice floes as its
habitat melts away into warming waters, the
polar bear is the poster child for U.S. efforts to save wildlife on the brink
of extinction using the Endangered Species Act.
It had been a dream
of mine to see
polar bears in their natural
habitat.
It is pushing for new oil and gas drilling in
polar bear habitat while biologists for Interior Department, prodded by legal action, recommended the
bear be given threatened status under the species act because
of the warming
of the Arctic and summer retreat
of sea ice.
Also, I'm not sure I see strong support for this concluding sentence: «Although
polar bears have persisted through previous warm phases, multiple human - mediated stressors (e.g.,
habitat conversion, persecution, and accumulation
of toxic substances in the food chain) could magnify the impact
of current climate change, posing a novel and likely profound threat to
polar bear survival.»
Extent, for once, is crucial in determining the amount
of absorbed solar radiation, the area
of polar bear (and other animals»)
habitat, the amount
of snow that falls onto sea ice, etc..
The key danger to
polar bears is malnutrition or starvation due to
habitat loss:
Polar bears hunt seals from a platform
of sea ice.
Because
polar bears are vulnerable to this loss
of habitat, they are, in my judgment, likely to become endangered in the foreseeable future — in this case 45 years....
An oil spill could devastate endangered species like
polar bears and bowhead whales, destroy
habitat for millions
of migratory birds, and jeopardize the subsistence - based Inupiat culture.
Regardless
of whether hybridization rates may increase, at least for
polar bears any effect they might have on population welfare pale by comparison to the loss
of habitat and subsequent loss
of foraging ability.
The next step is to secure the long - term survival
of the species by ensuring that the
polar bear habitat in the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas is protected from the threat
of oil and gas drilling.
Polar bears are being driven from their usual
habitats on the disappearing
polar ice at the same time that grizzlies are moving farther north because
of global warming, resulting in cross-breeding.
Lets see understanding the
habitat and behavior
of polar bears with the fact
of there is local changes consistent with AGW and that mainstream scientists --
Climate warming is reducing the availability
of their ice
habitat, especially in the spring when
polar bears gain most
of their annual fat reserves by consuming seal pups before coming ashore for the summer.
«Variation in the response
of an Arctic top predator experiencing
habitat loss: feeding and reproductive ecology
of two
polar bear populations.»
The predominance
of local vegetation in collected scat suggests little movement among
habitat types between feeding sessions, indicating that the
polar bears are keeping energy expenditure down.
A new paper that combines paleoclimatology data for the last 56 million years with molecular genetic evidence concludes there were no biological extinctions [
of Arctic marine animals] over the last 1.5 M years despite profound Arctic sea ice changes that included ice - free summers:
polar bears, seals, walrus and other species successfully adapted to
habitat changes that exceeded those predicted by USGS and US Fish and Wildlife
polar bear biologists over the next 100 years.
Globally, the ice is spitting - distance close to the 1981 - 2010 average calculated by the NSIDC for this date — which means lots
of winter / spring hunting
habitat for
polar bears.»
Far from being endangered, vulnerable, or threatened,
polar bears are thriving; their populations have exploded in virtually all
of their
habitats of the circumpolar nations.
The
polar bear is perfectly suited to its frigid, icy
habitat: They have two layers
of fur — glossy, waterproof «guard» hairs and dense under - fur — and a thick layer
of fat — 2 to 4 inches (5 to 10 centimeters)-- beneath their skin that helps keep them warm.
Today, I'll take a look at sea ice and ringed seal
habitat in the Gulf
of Boothia and M'Clintock Channel, as well as information from a study on
polar bear diets, which together shine some light on why the Gulf
of Boothia is such a great place for
polar bears.
Tagged Barber and Iacozza, bearded seal, beluga whales, Gulf
of Boothia, local Inuit knowledge, M'Clintock Channel, multiyear ice, narwhal,
polar bear population density, ringed seal, sea ice
habitat, Thiemann
Many, many people associated climate change with the notion that
polar bears might become extinct as their Arctic
habitat disappeared in the face
of future climate changes.
Franz Josef Land provides the most stable sea ice
habitat for Barents Sea
polar bears because it is largely beyond the influence
of warm water influxes from the North Atlantic.
Bottom line: Barents Sea
polar bears are loyal to this region because the eastern portion has the
habitat they require to thrive even when sea ice cover in the western portion essentially disappears for thousands
of years at a time.
«Loss
of habitat directly impacts
polar bears, seals and walruses, which use the ice for foraging, reproduction and resting, and for also for people who use ice for hunting, travel and other activities.»
Abstract Increased land use by
polar bears (Ursus maritimus) due to climate - change - induced reduction
of their sea - ice
habitat illustrates the impact
of climate change on species distributions and the difficulty
of conserving a large, highly specialized carnivore in the face
of this global threat.
Climate warming is reducing availability
of their ice
habitat, especially in spring when
polar bears gain most
of their annual fat reserves by consuming seal pups before coming ashore in summer.
Polar Bears Have Big Feet has no gory images, no discussion
of starving
bears, climate change, or threatened species — just fabulous pictures
of polar bears doing what they do in their natural Arctic
habitat, accompanied by lighthearted descriptions.
Sea ice
habitat for
polar bears has not become progressively worse each year during their season
of critical feeding and mating, as some scaremongers often imply.
I have some concerns about some few species near the margins
of their suitable
habitat range, such as
polar bears.