• A subarctic climate is found north of the humid continental climate and south
of the polar climate; it is characterized by bitterly cold winters and short, cool summers.
19 21.2 World Climates Humid Mid-Latitude Climates Humid Mid-Latitude With Severe Winters • A subarctic climate is found north of the humid continental climate and south
of the polar climate; it is characterized by bitterly cold winters and short, cool summers.
They found that open oceans are much less efficient than sea ice when it comes to emitting in the far - infrared region of the spectrum, a previously unknown phenomenon that is likely contributing to the warming
of the polar climate.
This scarcity has hampered our ability to understand, model, and predict the influence
of polar climate change on the overall Earth system.
One case in point was George Will's coverage
of polar climate issues.
Two large areas
of polar climates separated by two rather narrow temperate zones from a wide equatorial band of tropical to subtropical climates.
Not exact matches
Camille Seaman (above) captures the beauty
of polar environments, and the sobering reality
of climate change, in her photographs.
Dismayed by the disconnect between reality and the cartoonish animals populating his young daughter's pajamas, books and view
of the natural world, journalist Mooallem sets off to explore often circuitous human - animal relationships: The once - feared
polar bear has become the cherished mascot
of climate change, and whales, once hunted without restraint, now attract near - fanatical rescue efforts.
New robots undergoing field tests could expand scientists» access to
polar regions and improve understanding
of climate change
Particularly at Annapolis and West Point, students can choose from an array
of scientific disciplines such as molecular biology, environmental chemistry, ecology,
polar oceanography,
climate change, remote sensing, and astronomy.
MISSOULA, Mont. — Starving
polar bears, icon
of the
climate change movement, may be able to adapt to an ice - free summer season in the Arctic after all.
When most people think about wildlife in a changing
climate, they think
of polar bears clinging to melting ice, but even species who have adapted to tropical weather are being impacted by the changes to their environment.
The International Union for the Conservation
of Nature (IUCN), which maintains the international «Red List»
of threatened species, considers the
polar bear «vulnerable» due to
climate change - induced retreating sea ice.
The northern
polar region's
climate has materially changed over the past five years, a team
of 121 scientists from 14 nations concludes in a December 1 Arctic report card.
The Earth's
polar regions are in peril as a result
of climate change, speakers cautioned at a 16 June briefing on Capitol Hill, and solving the problem requires greater support for geoscience research.
The sequencing
of the oldest mammalian genome from an ancient
polar bear jawbone provides clues about these animals» fraught relationship with
climate change
«So far, I believe the benefits (
of Arctic warming) outweigh the potential problems,» said Oleg Anisimov, a Russian scientist who co-authored a chapter about the impacts
of climate change in
polar regions for a U.N. report on global warming this year.
An international «Red List»
of threatened species says that the
polar bear is vulnerable to extinction because
of a projected decline in its habitat linked to
climate change that is melting sea ice in the Arctic.
Leading Antarctic marine biologist James McClintock gives us an unprecedented first - person account
of the dramatic impacts
of climate change on the
polar environment and its wildlife
If the melting
of the
polar ice caps injects great amounts
of freshwater into the world's oceans,
climate scientists fear that the influx could affect currents enough to drastically change the weather on land
But along with the notorious
polar vortex, the year also brought new evidence that human activities are altering the
climate in ever more obvious ways — and that the risks
of severe impacts rise with every ton
of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere.
Dr. Vavrus suggests that, as
of yet, the effect
of climate change on Arctic cyclone activity has been minimal, but that future changes in
polar climate will drive stronger shifts.
But within these long periods there have been abrupt
climate changes, sometimes happening in the space
of just a few decades, with variations
of up to 10ºC in the average temperature in the
polar regions caused by changes in the Atlantic ocean circulation.
In May 2008, the Bush Administration, after multiple lawsuits, put the
polar bear on the endangered species list and acknowledged that the survival
of the species is jeopardized by
climate change.
«We must do all we can to help the
polar bear recover, recognizing that the greatest threat to the
polar bear is the melting
of Arctic sea ice caused by
climate change,» Salazar said.
«There are ways that this approach could increase global ozone but at the same time, because
of the
climate dynamics in the
polar regions, increase the ozone hole.»
IMAGES
of polar bears drifting on isolated chunks
of ice made the species a poster child for the perils
of climate change.
Above all, the new insights into the juvenile fish under the ice are important because it's still impossible to say how
polar cod populations will change in the face
of climate change.
• $ 966 billion million for NOAA weather satellites, which are important early warning tools to help save lives and money, and includes funding to restore critical
climate sensors that were deleted from our next generation
polar satellites because
of cost overruns.
«When we look forward several decades,
climate models predict such profound loss
of Arctic sea ice that there's little doubt this will negatively affect
polar bears throughout much
of their range, because
of their critical dependence on sea ice,» said Kristin Laidre, a researcher at the University
of Washington's
Polar Science Center in Seattle and co-author
of a study on projections
of the global
polar bear population.
For years, concern about NOAA's troubled
polar satellite program has focused on
climate sensors, six
of which were stripped from JPSS's predecessor, NPOESS, in 2006, to preserve weather data.
(The agency listed the
polar bear and wolverine last year because
of climate - change related concerns.)
The newly discovered phenomenon over the South Seas boosts ozone depletion in the
polar regions and could have a significant influence on the future
climate of Earth — also because
of rising air pollution in South East Asia.
At odds with the low levels
of factual knowledge, most respondents reported that they had a «moderate amount» or a «great deal»
of understanding about
climate change, where
polar change has been a major area
of interest.
The ecological impacts
of a changing
climate are evident, from terrestrial
polar regions to tropical marine environments.
«This means one
of the most important questions
of our time is how
climate change is affecting the
polar regions,» explains Dr. Marcello Passaro
of the TUM German Geodetic Research Institute.
For instance, UV radiation amounts to a mere 7 %
of solar energy, but its variation produces changes in the stratosphere near the Equator, all the way to the
polar regions, which govern
climate.
It aims to give a more complete picture
of the changes taking place in
polar regions because
of climate change.
The
climate change and melting [
of glaciers and
polar ice] issue is obviously something that's apparently under way and can not be turned on a dime.
Because ocean currents play a major role in transporting the planet's heat and carbon, the ECCO simulations are being used to understand the ocean's influence on global
climate and the melting
of ice in
polar regions.
The list
of species potentially imperiled by
climate change is long, from
polar bears to certain types
of pine trees.
«When we think
of climate change having an impact on a mammal species, what comes to mind most immediately is an Arctic animal like the
polar bear, which depends on sea ice to survive,» Helgen said.
Many
of the projected effects
of climate change on the world's oceans are already visible, such as melting
polar ice caps and rising sea levels.
The accelerating pace
of climate warming in the earth's
polar regions is spurring a new sense
of scientific urgency.
«These species are not only icons
of climate change, but they are indicators
of ecosystem health, and key resources for humans,» said lead author Kristin Laidre, a
polar scientist with the UW Applied Physics Laboratory.
(As we discovered at a convention
of climate change skeptics,
polar bears are a flash point for those who oppose the regulation
of carbon emissions, as well.)
«The past behavior and dynamics
of the Antarctic ice sheets are among the most important open questions in the scientific understanding
of how the
polar regions help to regulate global
climate,» said Jennifer Burns, director
of the NSF Antarctic Integrated Science System Program.
In «A Phoenix Flies to Mars», Andrew Fazekas, the Canadian Editor for Science's Next Wave, writes about the NASA Phoenix
polar lander, and Canada's contribution to the project: a sophisticated meteorological station developed by a team
of Canadian scientists and engineers that will analyze Mars» arctic
climate.
As
climate change causes sea ice to shrink, the number
of «problem»
polar bears appears to be increasing.
Our study suggests that at medium sea levels, powerful forces, such as the dramatic acceleration
of polar ice cap melting, are not necessary to create abrupt
climate shifts and temperature changes.»