Sentences with phrase «of precipitation trends»

While Zhang et al. (2007) concluded globally that they had detected an anthropogenic influence on the overall latitudinal patterns of precipitation trends (that is, the climate model trends were of the same sign as the observed trends), in the latitude band that includes the majority of the United States population a mismatch between model projections and precipitation trends was found (Figure 1).

The model, forced with observed SSTs, generally reproduces the observed pattern of precipitation trends in the central and western tropical Pacific, with increases in convective precipitation of up to 0.8 mm / day / decade.

Previous studies on the modification of precipitation trends by quantile mapping have focused on mean quantities, with less attention paid to extremes.

Note that the sign of precipitation trends in areas most directly impacted by the NAO such as southern Europe and the west coasts of Norway, the U.K. and Iceland, remains uncertain even for the next 50 years (Fig. 10d) consistent with the results shown in Figs.

These mismatches are responsible for a large part of the misrepresentation of precipitation trends in climate models.

Attribution of precipitation trends suggest evidence of human influence at latitudes similar to that of the UK29.

Not exact matches

Extreme rainfall events are trending upward, and nine of the top 10 years for extreme one - day precipitation events have happened since 1990.

The flooding continued the heavy precipitation trend of 2010, which was the wettest year on record.

«The winter discharge of the Tanana River has increased since the record keeping began in the»70s, but there are no increasing trends in precipitation,» she said.

The methodology developed in Lovejoy's two recent papers could also be used by researchers to help analyze precipitation trends and regional climate variability and to develop new stochastic methods of climate forecasting, he adds.

Local and regional precipitation trends are nearly as important as temperature in determining the fate of many animals, he explained, and that's especially true with moisture - sensitive creatures such as amphibians.

At the top the trend in annual measured precipitation between 1951 and 2010 is shown from the last scientific report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

To see if areas farther away are associated with El Niño, scientists refer to historical weather patterns and to look at trends of where precipitation normally occurs during El Niño events.

And lastly, although the models get the precipitation trends spot - on, they «significantly underestimate the magnitude of change [in rainfall],» Hegerl admits, explaining that better modeling is near the top of the agenda for the researchers.

In terms of precipitation, a decrease was observed in annual precipitation over the period as a whole, although these trends «are not significant.»

The predictions matched actual rainfall measurements during the 75 - year period, both in the magnitude (amount) and the trend (increase or decrease) of precipitation.

«Our study has found evidence to the contrary, suggesting that in fact, the future long - term trend based on paleoclimate reconstructions is likely towards diminishing precipitation, with no relief in the form of increased Mediterranean storms, the primary source of annual precipitation to the region, in the foreseeable future.»

«According to climate predictions, annual precipitation is likely to decrease in the Southwest but increase in the eastern United States during the 21st century, therefore, the observed diverse trends of surface water body areas since 1984 could continue to occur in the future,» said Xiao.

... A remarkable trend to decrease of precipitation is also observed for the central region of Chile, and the Argentinean Region of Cuyo, Province of Neuquén and the western part of Río Negro and Chubut.

In virtually all states with stations below 2,000 feet, the data show a trend toward a higher percentage of rain during the winter precipitation season.

Precipitation has generally increased over land north of 30 ° N over the period 1900 to 2005 but downward trends dominate the tropics since the 1970s.

A Climate Central report found that at least 58 percent of more than 2,000 weather stations reported a trend toward a smaller percentage of all winter precipitation falling as rain instead of snow, with the Northwest and Upper Midwest registering the largest decreases.

With flooding in parts of the Mississippi Valley and a strong Pacific storm coming into the Northwest, we examined the trend in the number of days each year with heavy precipitation at 244 individual sites in the U.S..

However, there has been a general trend of decreasing winter precipitation from 1950 to present; this pattern is most evident in the northwest and central portions of the state and may be due to increased frequency of El Niño events (see Climate chapter).

Seasonal decreases in land precipitation since the 1950s are the main cause for some of the drying trends, although large surface warming during the last two to three decades has also likely contributed to the drying.

Global climate projections from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, showing temperature and precipitation trends for two different future scenarios, as described in the Climate chapter of this assessment (IPCC 2014a).

Given these trends and projections for temperature and precipitation, for the remainder of this chapter we consider the impacts of continued warming to Montana forests.

-- Along with analyzing historical trends in temperature and precipitation, we performed an analysis of changes in extreme climate events since the middle of last century.

There were no significant trends in mean annual total precipitation or total precipitation affected area but we did observe a significant increase in mean annual rain - free days, where the mean number of dry days increased by 1.31 days per decade and the global area affected by anomalously dry years significantly increased by 1.6 % per decade.

Given that the long - term trend in early spring snowpack is down, Climate Central recently examined how the type of precipitation is changing during the winter months nationwide.

To assess Montana's historical climate, we evaluated temperature and precipitation trends since the mid-20th century by using standard statistical methods to analyze records of temperature and precipitation.

The very increase in absolute humidity that reinforced the warming trend through infrared absorption might lead to increased cloudiness (or indeed to increased precipitation and winter snow cover) and thus, through reflection of insolation, to a considerable buffering of the warming trend.

Even the admirable Revkin doesn't get it quite right: On horizontal surfaces, observations and modeling show a role for melting in both the baseline ablation and the sensitivity of ablation to precipitation and temperature; melting is the dominant ablation mechanism on vertical ice cliffs; and though Kaser et al find «no evidence» about rising temperatures, it is only because the in situ studies don't cover a long enough period to detect trends.

These variability trends indicate that the frequency of extremes (more drought events and more heavy precipitation events) has increased whereas the mean has remained approximately the same.

«The major trends over time are a wintertime WVP and LWP increase south and southwest of Greenland also seen in precipitation, consistent with modification of continental air flowing out over increasingly warmer waters.

The aspect of the paper that has attracted the most attention is the claim that the retreat of the Kilimanjaro summit glaciers can be explained by precipitation reduction, without any compelling need to invoke a warming trend in local air temperature.

The result is that there is no difference in regional cloud cover trends, neither of precipitation, with increasing contamination and that the contaminated area has more dimming, but warmed more than the less contaminated area.

For example, nearly all recent model intercomparisons show that AOGCMs poorly reproduce precipitation in 30 ° S - 30 ° N, they still diverge for cloud cover evolution at different levels of the vertical column, and I don't clearly understand for my part how we can speculate on long term trends of tropospheric T without a good understanding of these convection - condensation - precipitation process.

Although there is still some disagreement in the preliminary results (eg the description of polar ice caps), a lot of things appear to be quite robust as the climate models for instance indicate consistent patterns of surface warming and rainfall trends: the models tend to agree on a stronger warming in the Arctic and stronger precipitation changes in the Topics (see crude examples for the SRES A1b scenarios given in Figures 1 & 2; Note, the degrees of freedom varies with latitude, so that the uncertainty of these estimates are greater near the poles).

Averaging smoothes out day - to - day and year - to - year natural weather variability and extremes, removing much of the chaotic behavior, revealing any underlying long term trends in climate, such as a long term increase or decrease in temperature, or long term shifts in precipitation patterns.

I should add too that I was not allowed at work to study or talk about trends in frequency and magnitude of floods or trends in temperatures and precipitation, due to the «highly political and controversial subject of global warming».

«Century of Data Shows Intensification of Water Cycle but No Increase in Storms or Floods Released: 3/15/2006 12:13:21 PM» (excerpt) A review of the findings from more than 100 peer - reviewed studies shows that although many aspects of the global water cycle have intensified, including precipitation and evaporation, this trend has not consistently resulted in an increase in the frequency or intensity of tropical storms or floods over the past century.

This paper briefly reviews the current state of science regarding historical trends in hydrologic variables, including precipitation, runoff, tropospheric water vapor, soil moisture, glacier mass balance, evaporation, evapotranspiration, and growing season length.

Second Assessment of Climate Change for the Baltic Sea Basin https://books.google.com/books?isbn=3319160060 The BACC II Author Team averaged frequency of extreme 1 - day precipitation totals above 15 mm and a... 4.6 Cloudiness and Solar Radiation 4.6.1 Cloudiness Records of cloudiness and solar... There is a trend of decreasing cloud cover over the Baltic Sea basin......

There have also been some reports on trends of more extreme precipitation, although The International Ad Hoc Detection and Attribution Group (IDAG, 2005) did not manage to attribute trends in precipitation to anthropogenic greenhouse gases (G)-- a quote from their review article is: «For diurnal temperature range (DTR) and precipitation, detection is not achieved», here «detection» implying the signal of G.

submitted: SST and circulation trend biases cause an underestimation of European precipitation trends).

At the tail end of the full paper, capping a paragraph about a weak spot in the analysis — that the observed trend in extreme precipitation events exceeds what is produced by various climate models — comes a sentence about uncertainties:

For example the increasing trend in the coherent NHSM decadal precipitation shown in the paper (Figure S3B: the spatial pattern and associated principal component time series of the EOF) in fact suggest a weakening over recent decades in much of India and East Asia.

This apparent inconsistency says little about the overall trend in the heaviest precipitation events, but a lot about the weaknesses of single - point measurements for detecting trends in extreme precipitation.

Percent changes in the amount of precipitation falling in very heavy events (defined as the heaviest 1 percent of events) from 1958 to 2012 show a clear national trend toward a greater amount of precipitation being concentrated in very heavy events.