Hey, I'm sure some bright person will eventually come up with a clever way
of producing liquid fuels out of gravel or seawater or chicken gizzards or something.
Artificial photosynthesis offers the promise
of producing liquid fuels that are renewable and can be used without exacerbating global climate change.
Not exact matches
Consider this: One tablespoon
of liquid hydrogen
fuel — a mix
of deuterium and tritium — would
produce the same energy as 28 tons
of coal.
«We can do this while simultaneously
producing from the biomass lignin - free cellulose, which is the basis
of ethanol and other
liquid fuels.
Moving forward, the team will continue to work on their device to scale up the production
of ethylene as well as employ similar systems to
produce liquid fuels such as ethanol and propanol.
«Power - to -
liquid: 200 liters
of fuel from solar power and the air's carbon dioxide: Pilot plant
produces first synthetic
fuel from solar power and the air's carbon dioxide / KIT spin - off ineratec supplied key component.»
Coal - to -
liquid fuels with carbon capture and storage could replace about 15 — 20 %
of current
fuel consumption in the transportation sector (2 — 3 million barrels per day; the lower estimate holds if coal is also used to
produce coal - and - biomass - to -
liquid fuels) and would have lifecycle CO2 emissions similar to petroleum - based
fuels.
The study provides a vital clue to that coupling: placing the catalyst in a proton - packed
liquid with plenty
of water
produces hydrogen
fuel quickly and efficiently.
In an artificial photosynthetic system, the oxidation
of water molecules into oxygen, electrons and protons (hydrogen ions) provides the electrons needed to
produce liquid fuels from carbon dioxide and water.
Powering the Hero HX250R is a 249cc, single - cylinder, 4 - valve,
liquid - cooled and
fuel - injected engine that
produces a peak power
of 31 BHP at 9000 RPM with 26 Nm
of peak torque, mated to a 6 - speed manual transmission.
Study finds that biofuel crops grown on marginal lands could
produce up to half
of world's current
liquid fuel consumption without impacting crops
Although
liquid LPG injection generally
produces more power, Holden justified vapour injection on the grounds
of lower
fuel consumption, lower CO2 emissions, reduced pumping and parasitic losses, and start - up reliability in hot weather.
The bike draws power from a 749cc 4 - cylinder
liquid - cooled and
fuel - injected motor, that
produces 112 HP
of power and 81 Nm
of torque.
They don't give the details
of their system, so it is hard to analyze, but my guess is that one could drive 8 times farther on the electricity they use compared to the
liquid fuel they
produce.
One
of the most important take - home points, to me, was the authors» endorsement
of a rising role for natural gas as a feedstock for
producing liquid transportation
fuels.
In fact, cumulative new ethanol production since 2005 has accounted for 62 %
of new domestically -
produced liquid fuels, while cumulative new U.S. crude oil production has accounted for 38 %.
Therefore 90 %
of the
liquid fuels used to
produce the ethanol is from fossil
fuels.
Brazil actually only
produces about 10 %
of it
liquid fuels from sugar cane: http://www.financialsense.com/fsu/editorials/rapier/2006/0623.html
As defined in Title 26
of the US Code (The Internal Revenue Code
of 1986), refined coal means a
fuel which is a
liquid, gaseous or solid
fuel produced from coal (including lignite) or high carbon fly ash, including such
fuel used as a feedstock; and is sold with the reasonable expectation that it will be used to
produce steam, resulting in a qualified emission reduction.
Biomass gasification could be used either to
produce electricity (e.g., use biomass instead
of coal in a power plant application) or as the first step in a
liquid -
fuels program.
In a new working paper, WRI calculates that providing just 10 percent
of the world's
liquid transportation
fuel in the year 2050 would require nearly 30 percent
of all the energy in a year's worth
of crops the world
produces today.
it seems a waste
of a resource to bury it in the Antarctic when it could be combined with hydrogen to
produce an endless supply
of cheap
liquid fuels.
Carbon capture from air seems simple and industrially scalable — see for instance http://www.carbonengineering.com/ — but it seems a waste
of a resource to bury it in the Antarctic when it could be combined with hydrogen to
produce an endless supply
of cheap
liquid fuels.
In thermochemical conversion,
liquid fuels are
produced through a process that involves heating wood and bark in the absence or minimum presence
of oxygen.
According to EIA, the quantity
of oil and other
liquid energy sources
produced by the three countries could outpace their
liquid fuels consumption as soon as 2020.
JCAP researchers are focused on achieving the major scientific breakthroughs needed to
produce liquid transportation
fuels from a combination
of sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide, using artificial photosynthesis.
The term output means some or all
of the
liquid or gaseous transportation
fuels produced from the project, as specified in the loan agreement.
The term qualified coal - to -
liquid facility means a manufacturing facility that has the capacity to
produce at least 10,000 barrels per day
of transportation grade
liquid fuels from a feedstock that is primarily domestic coal (including peat and any property which allows for the capture, transportation, or sequestration
of by - products resulting from such process, including carbon emissions).
Now, scientists at Harvard have developed the «bionic leaf 2.0,» which increases the efficiency
of the system well beyond nature's own capabilities, and used it to
produce liquid fuels for the first time.
These can be harvested and used in
fuel cells to generate electricity, but now, with the help
of an engineered bacteria, the hydrogen can be used to
produce liquid fuels.
Biochar can be
produced by pyrolysis at around 500 degrees C, either slowly (over days, the traditional approach e.g. in kilns), which results in about equal amounts
of biochar (about 35 %
of the original biomass),
liquid and gaseous
fuels; or rapidly (e.g. flash pyrolysis, in seconds), which gives less biochar (about 15 % converted) less gaseous products, but more
liquid «bio-oil» products (about 75 %).
If Oregon, and the Northwest, truly wants a domestic - as in local - and renewable
fuel source, we should be looking to build a cellulosic ethanol industry using waste from the large Northwest forestry and agriculture sectors to
produce our
liquid fuels (and a bit
of electricity) as well as additional electricity from the Northwest's diverse and abundant renewable energy sources to power the electric component
of a plug - in hybrid flex
fuel fleet.
Adding insult to injury electricity, even were it free to
produce at centralized generation facilities, can not practically replace
liquid hydrocarbon
fuels for lack
of distribution capacity to local consumption and lack
of storage capacity for transportation.
The Texas panhandle for instance is ideal and just a tenth
of it can
produce all the
liquid fuel the United States currently consumes at yield / acre currently achieved in pilot plants.
Now, scientists have developed the «bionic leaf 2.0,» which increases the efficiency
of the system well beyond nature's own capabilities, and used it to
produce liquid fuels for the first time.
By managing technology in this way, all
of our
liquid fuel can be
produced from domestic resources.
Transportation, which accounts for about 40 percent
of the world's energy use, relies overwhelmingly on
liquid fuels produced from oil.
This is how we can
produce massive quantities
of domestic biofuel and solve our
liquid fuel demand: We could remove the starch from ALL
of our feed corn (instead
of just part
of it) to make more ethanol.
The use
of nuclear energy to
produce liquid fuels is very economic at this point
of time, and whilst the production
of hydrogen from nuclear electricity is expensive the cost can be reduced by using high temperature steam from nuclear reactors for high temperature electrolysis.
Martinez points as another issue the fact that as a way to mantain their power,
liquid fuels producing companies - also distributors - will try to control the coming scenarios, favoring
fuels produced at big scale instead
of those that can be generated and consumed locally.
No doubt the same thing is happening along much
of the west coast
of Canada, which is why China's sanctioning
of coal to
liquid technology to
produce transportation
fuel is directly significant to North Americans, and why it is so important to help China become more reliant on efficient processes and products.
So if 100 billion tons
of coal in Montana were converted to
liquid fuel it would
produce 230 billion barrels
of oil (Saudi Arabia size resource).
Southern Research Institute has entered into a $ 1.5 - million cooperative agreement with the US Department
of Energy to test an innovative method for
producing liquid transportation
fuels from coal and biomass, thereby improving the economics and lifecycle impacts
of coal - to -
liquid (CTL) and coal - biomass - to -
liquid (CBTL) processes.
At best CTL
produces 2.3 barrels
of liquid fuel per ton
of coal (there is about 4 boe in a ton
of typical bituminous coal).
The bionic leaf is able to split water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen and then with the help
of hydrogen - loving bacteria,
produce liquid fuels and potentially many other products.