Sentences with phrase «of protein translation»

Brusatol overcomes chemoresistance through inhibition of protein translation.

While it has been understood for some time now that tRNAs are heavily decorated with small chemical groups such as methyls (carbon atoms bound to three hydrogens), the unprecedented discovery that one of these modifications can be removed suggests that tRNA has a regulatory role in the process of protein translation through chemical changes in itself.

There are two sets of protein translation systems in mammalian cells — the cytoplasmic translation system and the mitochondrial translation system — both of which are composed of ribosome, tRNAs and translation factors.

Not exact matches

Whey Protein Concentrate, hidden under the flap, is one of the first ingredients (translation: there is a decent dose of whey in this product).

Now, new research from the University of Maryland School of Medicine (UM SOM), has identified a crucial protein in this translation process.

The actions of this topogenic sequence were independent of on - going translation and could be conferred to heterologous proteins by the engineering of a discrete set of codons.

Glo's ability to repress nanos translation during egg development required both of the protein's RNA - binding modes.

This protein was originally identified due to its ability to repress the translation of an RNA molecule called nanos to protein in fly eggs.

Biosynthetic studies of the prion protein (PrP) have shown that two forms of different topology can be generated from the same pool of nascent chains in cell - free translation systems supplemented with microsomal membranes.

The gene is involved in the translation of proteins from RNA and in the proliferation and migration of neurons in the brain.

Both are involved in the translation of proteins from RNA.

The pilot project tested a dozen or so of the most commonly used gene promoters (regions of DNA that facilitate gene transcription) and segments of DNA that encode ribosome - binding sites (sequences of messenger RNA that control protein translation) to determine whether they behave consistently in different cellular contexts.

The remaining 90 or so characterized proteins include molecular chaperones, which prevent other proteins from sticking together; translation machinery, which coaxes messenger RNAs and ribosomes to form proteins; and proteins that control the structure of RNA.

For most known genes this «messenger» or mRNA is then shuttled off to a ribosome of a cell where its translation into a protein sequence occurs.

MicroRNAs are a class of short, non-coding RNAs that regulate the translation or degradation of messenger RNA and therefore the proteins that cells make.

They also searched for sequences that enhance the efficiency of translation, when RNA messages are interpreted to build products such as protein molecules.

Moreover, within Mimi's outsize helping of genetic material, Claverie found genes for such things as the translation of proteins, DNA repair enzymes, and other types of protein.

With no nucleus to further modify and craft gene expression and protein translation, life thrived but literally could not get hold of itself, could not assume new shapes or diversify.

Erythromycin targets bacterial ribosomes — the nanomachine responsible for the translation of messenger RNA (mRNA) sequences into protein — thus preventing synthesis of the proteins required for continued growth and survival.

The team confirmed that guanabenz acts by temporarily blocking the reactivation of a protein known as eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α).

HCV invades cells in the body by binding to specific receptors on the cell, enabling the virus to enter it.2 Once inside, HCV hijacks functions of the cell known as transcription, translation and replication, which enables HCV to make copies of its viral genome and proteins, allowing the virus to spread to other sites of the body.2 When HCV enters the host cell, it releases viral (+) RNA that is transcribed by viral RNA replicase into viral -LRB--) RNA, which can be used as a template for viral genome replication to produce more (+) RNA or for viral protein synthesis.

RNA serves as the template for translation of genes into proteins, transferring amino acids to the ribosome to form proteins, and also translating the transcript into proteins.

Incorporating protein and mRNA turnover data in this analysis, the results from Li et al. suggest that mRNA levels explain ~ 81 % of the variance in protein levels, transcription 71 %, RNA degradation 10 %; translation 11 %; and protein degradation 8 %.

This process enables the virus to take advantage of the host cell's protein translation machinery for its own purposes.

Researchers have ignored these noncoding RNAs until recently for not complying with the central dogma of biology — that a straight line runs from gene to RNA (transcription) to protein (translation).

Ribosomes are the molecular machines responsible for the translation of mRNA sequences into the amino - acid sequences of the specified newly synthesized protein.

As the translation machinery is limiting, the energy - intensive production of new proteins is overall dampened.»

Furthermore, there are ways to inhibit translation of a gene into a protein.

In addition to determining that protein aggregation is regulated and requires active translation, Stowers scientists revealed that the mitochondria, the cell's powerhouses, play a key role in the mobility of these protein aggregates.

Through closer investigation, he found that the RNA sections that stuck around contained chemical codes that act as stop signs, prematurely halting the translation of the RNA from these two genes into proteins.

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are a class of noncoding RNAs with lengths of approximately 22 nucleotides that bind to target messenger RNAs to inhibit protein translation.

Cells may use different rates of translation in different types of mRNA to produce the right amounts and ratios of required proteins.

A drug blocking this binding protein could shut off translation of only the growth - promoting proteins and not other life - critical proteins inside the cell.

In 2012, a group from the RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, in collaboration with SISSA, an Italian University, discovered a new class of mouse lncRNAs, which are called «antisense» because their can pair with typical protein - coding mRNAs and enhance their translation.

Before, that protein was thought to be just one of a dozen or so general initiation factors required for mRNA translation.

Because of their central importance to biology, proteins have been the focus of intense research, particularly the manner in which they are produced from genetically coded templates — a process commonly known as translation.

While the general mechanism of translation has been understood for some time, protein synthesis can initiate by more than one mechanism.

This leads to degradation of «viral» RNA, preventing its translation on ribosomes into a protein encoded by it, thereby reducing the viral gene expression,» says one of the main co-authors of the research Alexander Timin, a JRF of the Novel Dosage Laboratory at Tomsk RASA Center.

Importantly, Zika virus also follows the same pattern of cellular behavior of repressing the cell's translation and stress response while promoting its own protein translation.

Previous studies in the Eberwine lab have shown that translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) into proteins occurs in dendrites at focal points called translational hotspots.

Additionally, laboratories around the world are working to develop SINEUPs to enhance protein translation as a therapy for specific diseases caused by the deficiency of a specific protein, such a haploinsufficiencies, where one of two genes is not functional.

Scientists have found a group of human sequences — unrelated to those in mice — which are capable of producing SINEUPs, which can pair with typical protein - coding mRNAs and enhance their translation.

«This is the first time this method of protein labeling has been used to measure the act of translation of multiple proteins over space and time in a quantitative way,» says Eberwine.

«We know from previous studies that the fission yeast version of DDX3X is thought to play a role in translation of key regulatory proteins, possibly by helping untangle parts of the RNA molecule.»

The unique ability among them to encode proteins involved in translation (typically DNA to RNA to protein) piqued researchers» interests as to the origin of giant viruses.

A rare, but synonymous, codon in alleles of a drug - resistance gene can change translation kinetics and so produce a conformationally distinct protein species.

This includes how subtle changes in gene sequences can impact the expression of encoded proteins through mechanisms including codon bias, mRNA stability, and translation initiation.

To visualize translation, Dr. Singer and his colleagues took advantage of a key occurrence during the first round of translation: the ribosome to which mRNAs attach must displace so - called RNA - binding proteins from the mRNAs.

Environmental factors interact with the different subgenomes to modify the transcription of their component genes and to modulate the translation of protein products and their posttranslational modification, yielding changes in protein and cellular function and metabolism, and defining an intermediate phenotype.

New research by scientists from the University of Chicago demonstrates that the mammalian enzyme ALKBH1 can remove molecular modifications from transfer RNA, causing a measurable effect on protein translation in the cell.