The release
of psychological data to non-experts: Ethical and legal considerations, «Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 25.»
In the race to advance data - driven electioneering strategies pioneered by successive Obama campaigns, Cruz has turned to Cambridge Analytica for its unparalleled offering
of psychological data based on a treasure trove of Facebook «likes», allowing it to match individuals» traits with existing voter datasets, such as who owned a gun.
Indeed, Whitehead's use
of psychological data is so pervasive and significant for his metaphysics that Laszlo's portrayal of Whitehead as his type of realist is very misleading.
In the race to advance data - driven electioneering strategies pioneered by successive Obama campaigns, Cruz has turned to Cambridge Analytica for its unparalleled offering
of psychological data based on a treasure trove of Facebook «likes», allowing it to match individuals» traits with existing voter datasets, such as who owned a gun.
Not exact matches
A report from the The Guardian claimed that the Cruz campaign was using
psychological data on millions
of Facebook users.
Data, gamification and other means
of psychological manipulation can influence you to make healthy choices, work harder, spend money and more.
Psychologist and language analyst James Pennebaker,
of the University
of Texas at Austin, did an analysis
of Tsarnaev's tweets and presented the
data at the 2013 American
Psychological Association conference in Honolulu on July 31.
That scandal involved how the
data of 87 million Facebook users was scraped and used as a
psychological weapon to target voters.
Getting all
of that
data can theoretically help computers build an even more accurate
psychological portrait
of a person — and then fit him or her into a
psychological consumer category.
The report suggested the Republican candidate was using
psychological data based on research spanning tens
of millions
of Facebook users in an attempt to gain an advantage over his political rivals — including Donald Trump.
Ted Cruz's presidential campaign is using
psychological data based on research spanning tens
of millions
of Facebook users, harvested largely without their permission, to boost his surging White House run and gain an edge over Donald Trump and other Republican rivals, the Guardian can reveal.»
A little - known
data company, now embedded within Cruz's campaign and indirectly financed by his primary billionaire benefactor, paid researchers at Cambridge University to gather detailed
psychological profiles about the US electorate using a massive pool
of mainly unwitting US Facebook users built with an online survey.
WASHINGTON — The political action committee founded by John R. Bolton, President Trump's incoming national security adviser, was one
of the earliest customers
of Cambridge Analytica, which it hired specifically to develop
psychological profiles
of voters with
data harvested from tens
of millions
of Facebook profiles, according to former Cambridge employees and company documents.
The benefit
of this kind
of data is that it allows
data companies like Cambridge Analytica to develop more sophisticated
psychological profiles
of internet users (more
data points means more predictive power).
His
data was collected dozens
of times after 52
of his Facebook friends were directed to the
psychological questionnaire, many by a site called Swagbucks.
The project is detailed in the contract as a seven step process — with Kogan's company, GSR, generating an initial seed sample (though it does not specify how large this is here) using «online panels»; analyzing this seed training
data using its own «psychometric inventories» to try to determine personality categories; the next step is Kogan's personality quiz app being deployed on Facebook to gather the full dataset from respondents and also to scrape a subset
of data from their Facebook friends (here it notes: «upon consent
of the respondent, the GS Technology scrapes and retains the respondent's Facebook profile and a quantity
of data on that respondent's Facebook friends»); step 4 involves the psychometric
data from the seed sample, plus the Facebook profile
data and friend
data all being run through proprietary modeling algorithms — which the contract specifies are based on using Facebook likes to predict personality scores, with the stated aim
of predicting the «
psychological, dispositional and / or attitudinal facets
of each Facebook record»; this then generates a series
of scores per Facebook profile; step 6 is to match these psychometrically scored profiles with voter record
data held by SCL — with the goal
of matching (and thus scoring) at least 2M voter records for targeting voters across the 11 states; the final step is for matched records to be returned to SCL, which would then be in a position to craft messages to voters based on their modeled psychometric scores.
The NYT reports it has seen documents showing that a London - based employee
of the big
data firm — named as Alfredas Chmieliauskas — worked with the CA
data scientists who were building its
psychological profiling technology.
In the event, Chmieliauskas» suggestion to clone Kosinski's app led to CA's
data licensing relationship with Kogan, whose own personality test app — thisisyourdigitallife — was built bespoke for its project and successfully used to harvest
data on 50M + Facebook users so CA could, in turn, build
psychological profiles on millions
of American voters.
The
data was acquired and processed by Cambridge University professor Aleksandr Kogan whose personality quiz app, running on Facebook's platform in 2014, was able to harvest personal
data on tens
of millions
of users (a subset
of which Kogan turned into
psychological profiles for CA to use for targeting political messaging at US voters).
Here it states that the aim
of the project is «to infer
psychological profiles», using self - reported personality test
data, political party preference and «moral value
data».
In our research, we incorporated an ensemble
of computational methods from machine learning, image processing, and other
data - scientific disciplines to extract useful
psychological indicators from photographic
data.
The researchers who warned about abuses
of Facebook
data show how
psychological profiling gets results.
But a growing body
of psychological and financial theories called «behavioral finance» is showing that during uncertain times, it's more important than ever to rely on available
data and put aside emotion - fueled investing.
For example, all sense faculties with their sense
data were classified as dharmas
of the physical realm and all
psychological traits, such as greed, hatred, and delusion, were dharmas
of the mental realm.
Others have insisted that their work is social - scientific in the strong sense
of the term — that is, as work guided by the correlation
of models and
data, as are more purely sociological and social -
psychological studies.
This immediate conscious awareness
of personal becoming is the primary source
of data for
psychological inquiry.
A major deficiency in recognizing the spiritual component in the field
of addictions has been the lack
of clearly defined criteria, based on hard
data, that measure up to social,
psychological, and medical standards.
The social and
psychological implications
of this process require more years
of data for thorough study and examination.
The «historical» task required a mutual interaction between the «general» history
of religions and the historical studies
of «specific» religions, while the «systematic» task aimed at disciplined generalizations and the structuring
of data and depended on a collaboration
of phenomenological, comparative, sociological,
psychological, and other studies
of religions.
Today, the question is posited in the context
of inherited and acquired influences, and
of social psychology, asking how free we are to make decisions, showing that we are free only within a maybe very small area
of inherited genetic
data and acquired social and
psychological habits.
Meanwhile, the Trump campaign was known for its extensive use
of Facebook in 2016 — both for its use
of the social network's marketing tools and for its partnership with Cambridge Analytica, a firm controlled by major Trump donor Robert Mercer that specializes in «
psychological»
data mining from Facebook.
It's a sensational story containing allegations
of sleaze,
psychological manipulation and
data misuse that has provoked an internationally furious response.
The explosion in the use
of personal
data and
psychological profiling in campaigns accelerated in the wake
of Republican Mitt Romney's 2012 loss to President Obama.
Cruz hired Cambridge Analytica to use
psychological data based on its research
of Facebook users pulled without permission, the Guardian reported.
He also played down the role
of psychological profiling in the company's work, much
of which, Mr. Tayler suggested, is still based on traditional
data analytics and marketing.
Why, after British journalists exposed in 2015 that the presidential campaign
of Sen. Ted Cruz targeted voters online using the resulting 40 million - plus
psychological profiles — acquired by the firm Cambridge Analytica, backed by megadonor Robert Mercer — Facebook did not follow through on a pledge to ensure the
data destroyed.
While at C.A., Wylie claims he was tasked with compiling
psychological profiles
of voters using Facebook
data, claims that he told the New York Times and the London Observer.
The rise
of Big
Data offers many potential benefits for society and my colleagues and I have tried help establish ethical guidelines for the use
of Big
Data in behavioral science as well as help inoculate and empower people to resist mass
psychological persuasion.
BOX 23, A-15-4; 30219212 / 734979 SAPA Requests for Translations
of SAPA materials, 1966 - 1968 Prerequisites for SAPA The
Psychological Basis
of SAPA, 1965 Requests for SAPA to be Used in Canada, 1966 - 1968 Requests for Assistance with Inservice programs, 1967 - 1968 Schools Using SAPA, 1966 - 1968 Speakers on SAPA for NSTA and Other Meetings, 1968 Suggestions for Revisions
of Part 4, 1967 - 1968 Suggestions for Revisions
of the Commentary, 1967 - 1968 Summer Institutes for SAPA, Locations, 1968 Summer Institutes for SAPA, Announcement Forms, 1968 Inservice Programs, 1968 - 1969 Consultant Recommendations, 1967 - 1968 Inquiries About Films, 1968 Inquiries About Kits, 1967 - 1968 Inquiries About Evaluations, 1968 Tryout Teacher List, 1967 - 1968 Tryout Centers, 1967 - 1968 Tryout Feedback Forms, 1967 - 1968 Tryout Center Coordinators, 1967 - 1968 Cancelled Tryout Centers, 1967 - 1968 Volunteer Teachers for Parts F & G, 1967 - 1968 List
of Teachers for Tryout Centers, 1963 - 1966 Tucson, AZ, Dr. Ed McCullough, 1964 - 1968 Tallahassee, FL, Mr. VanPierce, 1964 - 1968 Chicago, IL, University
of Chicago, Miss Illa Podendorf, 1965 - 1969 Monmouth, IL, Professor David Allison, 1964 - 1968 Overland Park, KS, Mr. R. Scott Irwin and Mrs. John Muller, 1964 - 1968 Baltimore, MD, Mr. Daniel Rochowiak, 1964 - 1968 Kern County, CA, Mr. Dale Easter and Mr. Edward Price, 1964 - 1967 Philadelphia, PA, Mrs. Margaret Efraemson, 1968 Austin, TX, Dr. David Butts, 1968 Seattle, WA, Mrs. Louisa Crook, 1968 Oshkosh, WI, Dr. Robert White, 1968 John R. Mayer, personal correspondence, 1966 - 1969 Teacher Response Sheets, 1966 - 1967 Overland, KS Oshkosh, WI Monmouth, IL Baltimore, MD Teacher Response Checklist SAPA Feedback, 1965 - 1966 Using Time Space Relations Communicating Observing Formulating Models Defining Operationally Interpreting
Data Classifying (2 Folders) Measuring Inferring Predicting Formulating Hypothesis Controlling Variables Experimenting Using Numbers SAPA Response Sheets for Competency Measures, 1966
Data from the sensors have also highlighted that even a single flight
of stairs is a powerful
psychological barrier: People who work on different floors
of a building almost never talk to each other, even if doing so would mean a walk
of less than a minute.
The new study, published online January 24 in
Psychological Science, teased out the answer by examining 30 years of data on thousands of Americans, including psychological measures of mood and well - being, reports of job and relationship success, and objective measur
Psychological Science, teased out the answer by examining 30 years
of data on thousands
of Americans, including
psychological measures of mood and well - being, reports of job and relationship success, and objective measur
psychological measures
of mood and well - being, reports
of job and relationship success, and objective measures
of health.
«Our
data show that social mechanisms substantially affect clinical outcomes over long periods
of time, and deserve research attention comparable to biological and
psychological factors.
But according to Peter Vitaliano, a professor
of psychiatry and psychology at the University
of Washington (UW), there never have been
data actually showing caregiving causes
psychological distress.
In addition to collecting scans
of brain structure and function, the research teams at 21 study sites around the country will regularly gather a trove
of other information from each youngster, from
psychological, cognitive, and environmental
data to biological specimens such as DNA.
These
data are consistent with analyses
of medical claims
data from World Bank employees which found that the largest increase in claims among their business travelers was for
psychological disorders related to stress.
This mimics the activity
of astronauts on an actual Mars mission, who would likely be studying Martian geology, collecting
psychological and physiological
data, and keeping up with various engineering tasks.
Co-author Marina Bedny, an assistant professor
of psychological and brain sciences, says the findings here, taken together with earlier results, suggest the brain as a whole could be extremely adaptable, almost like a computer that — depending on
data coming in — could reconfigure to handle almost limitless types
of tasks.
Bartoshuk was surprised to find that subjects with a history
of moderate to severe middle - ear infections were 62 percent more likely than the others to be obese, according to
data presented at the American
Psychological Association meeting in August.
Besides providing large slews
of data, the researchers believed that people are more honest in personal writings than during formal
psychological tests.
The study stands out among long - term cohort studies for its high retention rate — nearly 95 %
of the original cohort has stayed with the study since it launched in 1972 — and the intimacy
of the
data - gathering process, which includes not just cognitive,
psychological, and health assessments, but also interviews with cohort members» teachers, families, and friends and reviews
of their financial and legal records.