Clinicopathological significance
of psychotic experiences in non-psychotic young people: Evidence from four population - based studies
This suggests that the biological mechanisms underlying depression at this age do not increase subsequent risk
of psychotic experiences once they resolve.
Common childhood neurodevelopmental disorders are associated with increased risk
of psychotic experiences in early adolescence
Now the most comprehensive epidemiological study
of psychotic experiences to date, published in July in JAMA Psychiatry, has given researchers the most detailed picture yet of how many people have these experiences and how frequently.
Children who suffer from frequent nightmares or bouts of night terrors may be at an increased risk
of psychotic experiences in adolescence, according to new research from the University of Warwick.
Researchers at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) have demonstrated that exposure to childhood trauma (physical assault and bullying) is linked to psychotic experiences, (such as hearing voices), and in turn the cessation of traumatic experiences led to a significant reduction in the incidence
of psychotic experiences.
Dr Ian Kelleher, Lead Investigator, Department of Psychiatry, RCSI said «Our analysis shows, we believe for the first time, that cessation of traumatic experiences predicted a significantly reduced incidence
of psychotic experiences compared to individuals for whom the traumatic experiences continued.
The study aimed to determine whether childhood trauma could be considered a cause
of psychotic experiences.
Not exact matches
Traditional Buddhist stories abound
of meditators being taken over by evil spirits, and contemporary psychological studies
of mindfulness practice going back to the 1970s include patients who
experienced hallucinations,
psychotic episodes, depression and other mental trauma, as well as nerve pain and similar physical impacts.
In the extreme case
of the
psychotic person living in a private world out
of all relation to the real world value -
experience is severely restricted, because it lacks the possibilities for growth and enrichment through the establishment
of new external relationships.
It is obvious to me that I altered my brain significantly after years
of intense / deep prayer and meditation and that as a result
of these contributory
experiences I was a high - functioning schizophrenic for a good portion
of my life — there were things going on in my biology which predisposed me to being a depressive and a high - functioning schizophrenic but engaging in intense / deep prayer and meditation was only exacerbating this problem by altering my state
of consciousness which precipitated the
psychotic symptoms and psychic phenomena which I
experienced.
It seems the world is made up
of: — persons who enter a mystical state and
experience oneness and tranquility — persons who have adverse reactions as their minds dissociate resulting in their
experiencing psychotic symptoms and psychic phenomena
So for example, in my case and that
of other persons whose minds dissociate when we engage in intense / deep spiritual practices like intense / deep prayer, meditation, fasting etc and we hear voices, hallucinate, see visions,
experience thought insertions, automatic channelling just like a spirit medium as well as other psychic phenomena (clairvoyance etc), and the mind dissociation makes some persons mentally and emotionally unstable; our minds enter an altered state
of consciousness just like those
of the Buddhist monks but in our case the altered state
of our brains results in
psychotic and psychic symptoms being induced (interestingly, some persons who are ignorant
of how the human brain functions chalk up these
experiences to demonic attack)......... are these
psychotic, psychic
experiences which persons like myself
experience a gift from God as well?
The question
of course is: how does a person like me who is
experiencing psychotic symptoms and psychic phenomena while in an altered state
of consciousness know whether or not it is god who is communicating with them?
All these scriptures / Biblical teachings created a problem for me as over the years when I would
experience psychotic symptoms and psychic phenomena as a result
of intense / deep prayer and meditation, I actually thought that God was trying to show me a sign or tell me something or he was leading me in a particular direction.
She flagged this up to her supervisor, a psychiatrist, who told her in no uncertain terms to leave the subject
of abortion well alone; that the woman who mentioned abortion in the first place was not
experiencing flashbacks but merely a
psychotic reaction to the medication she was on.
They also
experienced more symptoms
of paranoia, such as a
psychotic episode, than women who developed depression during or after pregnancy.
Following their
experiences in detention, I have seen people literally shaking with fear, I've seen them have a
psychotic breakdown as the flashbacks
of their torture become so frequent that they lose all touch with reality.
The researchers undertook a nationally representative prospective cohort study
of 1,112 school - based adolescents aged 13 - 16 years, and assessed them at baseline, three - months and 12 - months for childhood trauma (defined as physical assault and bullying) and
psychotic experiences.
ProfessorMary Cannon, HRB Clinician Scientist and Senior Investigator, Department
of Psychiatry, RCSI said «Our findings are the first to show there is direct evidence between exposure to childhood trauma and
psychotic experience.
The participants who reported the
psychotic - like
experiences (PLEs)-- considered to be at the low end
of the psychosis spectrum — spent less time in a brain state reflecting healthier brain network activity.
Younger children, between two and nine years old, who had persistent nightmares reported by parents had up to one and a half times increased risk
of developing
psychotic experiences.
The likelihood
of experiencing psychotic experiences in adolescence increased with the incidence
of nightmares.
The study, published today in the journal SLEEP, shows that children reporting frequent nightmares before the age
of 12 were three and a half times more likely to suffer from
psychotic experiences in early adolescence.
Up to half
of the 45 million people worldwide who are living with Alzheimer's disease will
experience psychotic episodes, a figure that is even higher in some other forms
of dementia.
They also
experienced more symptoms
of paranoia, such as a
psychotic episode, than women who developed depression during or after pregnancy.
Factors such as poor emotional control, limited coping skills, poor social functioning, and increased stress sensitivity increase a child's risk
of experiencing psychotic - like symptoms (e.g., unusual thoughts, suspiciousness, perceptual disturbances).
Although the majority
of children who
experience trauma do not exhibit signs
of psychosis later, a sizeable share (by some estimates as much as 35 %)
of children go on to
experience psychotic episodes.
«The pattern we observed in Ontario suggests that psychosocial factors associated with the migratory
experience and integration into Canada may contribute to the risk
of psychotic disorders.»
The authors postulate that
experiences of discrimination and racism may explain the higher rates
of psychotic disorders in some immigrant groups, as indicated by previously published studies.
«Although this was a small, preliminary study, it suggests that marijuana may affect individuals at high risk for psychosis differently than other marijuana users, by briefly inducing
psychotic - like
experiences and impairing their cognition,» said Nehal Vadhan, PhD, a psychologist and associate professor in Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine at Hofstra Northwell School
of Medicine and first author
of the paper.
The finding that a diagnosis but not
psychotic - like
experiences is associated with low physical activity may reflect aspects
of illness such as low motivation, but may also reflect sedative or other side - effects
of therapeutic drugs.
Senior author Dr Abraham Reichenberg, Professor
of Psychiatry at the Icahn School
of Medicine at Mount Sinai and with King's IoPPN said: «It is important to bear in mind that many children will
experience some difficulties with schoolwork or other intellectual tasks at some point in their lives, and only a small minority will go on to develop a
psychotic disorder.»
Up to two thirds
of people with Alzheimer's disease
experience psychotic episodes, yet the distressing symptom is still widely under - recognised and is challenging to treat.
They then used interviews to assess
experiences of nightmares, night terrors and sleepwalking at age 12 and
psychotic experiences at age 18.
At age 12, 24.9 %
of children reported having nightmares in the previous 6 months and 7.9 %
of the sample were found to be
experiencing psychotic symptoms.
Researchers at the University
of Warwick have found a significant link between the presence
of persistent nightmares in childhood and
psychotic experiences in later adolescence.
Experience of stressful events has also been related to both the development
of both nightmares and
psychotic symptoms in late childhood and may be important.»
There was around twice the odds
of later
experiencing psychotic symptoms in those earlier reporting nightmares.
Treatment would look very different for a person whose
psychotic experiences were linked to depression or anxiety disorders or were the one - time result
of acute stress, compared with a person who is showing the first signs
of schizophrenia.
After ruling out
experiences caused by drugs or sleep, the researchers determined that 5.8 percent
of the respondents had
psychotic experiences.
Psychotic experiences are sometimes markers
of general psychological distress, McGrath explains: «They pop up in depression, anxiety disorders, a whole range
of things.»
The
psychotic experiences were typically rare, with 32 percent
of sufferers having only a single episode and another 32 percent having two to five.
Dr. Pope is also a well - recognized clinician with decades
of experience in treating patients with psychiatric disorders, including patients with severe mood disorders and
psychotic disorders.
His performance really was a «coming out,» as he did his best to present a normal, small town kid who becomes «unbalanced» and
psychotic due to his traumatic
experiences at the hands
of the North Vietnamese.
«The approval
of Fanapt ™ marks a new opportunity for many patients with schizophrenia, who
experience only partial responses to current therapies, to achieve better control
of their symptoms,» remarked Dr. Peter J. Weiden, Professor
of Psychiatry and Director
of the
Psychotic Disorders Program at the University
of Illinois at Chicago.
The developers consulted with mental health professionals to properly capture the
experience of a
psychotic breakdown, and have crafted a game that is, at least, trying to provide an empathetic
experience.
Each piece tells the story
of an
experience in prison, whether his own or recounted by the men he knew there, detailing everything from guard brutality to gang wars to
psychotic breakdowns.
A reminiscence
of the early light show in its attempt to formalize the «inner journey»
experience induced by
psychotic drugs.
schizophrenia — most people affected by schizophrenia
experience a range
of psychotic symptoms and commonly have difficulty organising their thoughts