Sentences with phrase «of radiation models»

I don't believe either one has done much in the area of radiation modeling.

Not exact matches

One of the big advantages of the approach that this paper uses is that, to decide on a strategy, evacuation officials need to consider only the radiation levels near shelters and along evacuation routes — the overall pattern of the radioactive death - cloud does not factor into the models.

«Cosmic background radiation is well explained as radiation left over from an early stage in the development of the universe, and its discovery is considered a landmark test of the Big Bang model of the universe.»

In December 2017, writing in Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, Yankeelov and collaborators at UT Austin and Technical University of Munich, showed that they can predict how brain tumors (gliomas) will grow and respond to X-ray radiation therapy with much greater accuracy than previous models.

Model of tumor growth in a rat brain before radiation treatment (left) and after one session of radiotherapy (right).

Experts say the dose from the backscatter is negligible when compared with naturally occurring background radiation, but a linear model shows even such trivial amounts increase the number of cancer cases

It can capture the radiation precisely enough to measure cosmological quantities without making many theoretical assumptions, detect the rippling of gravitational waves and test various models of the inflation thought to have occurred during the big bang.

The model significantly improved prediction of response to radiation therapy over the use of Gleason score and lymph - node status alone;

By improving the understanding of how much radiation CO2 absorbs, uncertainties in modelling climate change will be reduced and more accurate predictions can be made about how much Earth is likely to warm over the next few decades.

Most of the rats in the study were exposed to radiation levels higher than those permitted in current phone models, and on average, the exposed rats lived longer than the controls.

Some multiverse models predict that our universe must have a specific geometry that would bend the path of light rays in specific ways that might be detectable by Planck, which will analyze radiation left from the Big Bang.

Blocking this inflammation after radiation therapy brought a significant improvement in survival in a mouse model of the disease.

In the current study, Dr. Xu and colleagues gave radiation therapy to a mouse model of human pancreatic cancer to eradicate the bulk tumors, while only the cancer stem cells remained in the residual scars.

«This is quite surprising because glasses and heavily irradiated materials typically exhibit the same density, so that glasses are often used as models to simulate the effect of the exposure to radiations on materials.»

A model black hole that traps sound instead of light has been caught emitting quantum particles - it could be the first time theoretical Hawking radiation has been seen

Part of the JQI theorists» work involves the modelling of the most likely switch for this process, a pulse of far - infrared radiation.

The new monitoring data does not show which of two competing models best predicts the future concentration of Fukushima radiation along the U.S. West Coast, Smith said.

The amplification in Steinhauer's model allows him to detect only one frequency of the radiation, so he can not be sure it has Hawking's predicted intensity at different frequencies that true Hawking radiation would have.

In further studies, the researchers tested the capacity of ANG to prevent and mitigate radiation - induced bone marrow failure, and in pre-clinical models, they found that survival following radiation exposure was increased after treatment with recombinant ANG protein.

Although many say the report is well done, the exercise largely depended on modeling of radiation doses rather than on direct measurements of population exposures, and the data were often sub-optimal.

A computer model developed by the team suggests that the grains must reach the size of boulders within a million years; otherwise, the dust particles and circumstellar gases will be blown apart by fierce ultraviolet radiation from the nebula's hottest, most massive young stars.

The model tracked changes in temperature and solar radiation at many altitudes throughout the lower layer of the atmosphere.

Crawford - Brown worked for a while on models of the effects of radiation and chemical exposure on human health, then wandered into decision analysis by the back door when the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) started to use some of his scientific models.

In a bid to progress beyond the shotgun approach to fighting cancer — blasting malignant cells with toxic chemicals or radiation, which kills surrounding healthy cells in the process — researchers at the Harvard - MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology (HST) are using nanotechnology to develop seek - and - destroy models to zero in on and dismantle tumors without damaging nearby normal tissue.

«In this study we've used a bacterium with unrivalled resistance to radiation as a model for the type of bacteria we might find signs of on Mars.

This group's achievement shows the possibility to clarify the mechanism of human tumor formation, especially the molecular mechanism responsible for in the initial stage of cell cancerization due to DNA damaged by radiation in the initial stage, by using the model of budding yeast, a primitive eukaryote.

The scientists worked with model bacteria that are representative of the sort of microbial lifeforms that might be expected to have emerged on Mars and used a Raman spectrometer to track how the detectable signal from them changed with increasing exposure to radiation.

Conventional risk models used by NASA and others assume DNA damage and mutation are the cause of radiation cancers.

Using this input, a sophisticated computer model developed at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, was used to determine which areas receive direct sunlight, how much solar radiation reaches the surface, and how the conditions change over the course of a year on Ceres.

Gottesman and colleague John Preskill of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, US, found that previous calculations by other researchers using this model allowed information to escape for only certain interactions between the infalling matter and the infalling Hawking radiation.

«Our results are based on a realistic modelling of the accretion of gas onto the black holes, and of the radiation they emit, which is compatible with current astronomical observations.

Substances are tested on a mature epidermis model by applying them to the surface of the epidermis and exposing the model to defined, but non-toxic, doses of UV radiation.

All these accessories, plus a model rifle, were tagged with retroreflectors, which can reflect a beam of radiation back to its source regardless of the angle of incidence.

In the second paper, physicist Dejan Vinković of the University of Split in Croatia developed a model that shows how a combination of stellar wind and infrared radiation from the inner disk can blow the ultrafine crystallized silicate particles billions of kilometers from the inner regions of a protoplanetary disk to its colder outer sections, where comets and other cold but rocky objects, such as Pluto, can form.

The current study, led by John Regan, a postdoctoral researcher at Ireland's Dublin City University, modeled the process using software developed by Columbia's Greg Bryan, and includes the effects of gravity, fluid dynamics, chemistry and radiation.

Using their computer models as a guide, the researchers found a variant of polyethylene commonly used in battery making that has a specific nanostructure that is opaque to visible light yet is transparent to infrared radiation, which could let body heat escape.

Now, a follow - up investigation based on computer modeling shows those supernovae likely exposed biology on our planet to a long - lasting gust of cosmic radiation, which also affected the atmosphere.

At the same time, here in Kiev physicist Elena Bakhanova at the Research Center for Radiation Medicine is adapting the principles used to three - dimensionally model radiation fields at Chernobyl to help investigate the health effects of medical radiation.

Vinković's model «shows how dust grains propelled by radiation pressure can travel from the disk's hottest regions to its icy outer edges,» says astronomer Dániel Apai of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, Maryland.

Surprisingly, these very different models for the origin of irregularities in the early Universe predict almost identical «scale invariant» ripples in the cosmic background radiation.

Steinhardt and Turok's model predicts a slight but specific pattern of hot and cold spots that should be detectable in the microwave radiation from the universe's early days.

Using mathematical models, the researchers used these data to quantify the effectiveness of starting screening early — at age 25 — for women who received chest radiation as a teenager.

These findings support the role of competition in models of community assembly, speciation, and adaptive radiations.

Using computer models and distinctive radiation seen from a previous supernova explosion, theorists had already suspected that turbulence at the center of a supernova would propel bullets of iron - rich material through a star's outer layers.

After adjusting for clinical factors in a multivariate model, a CNA in a CFS was determined to be a significant independent predictor of decreased response to radiation therapy and higher incidence of recurring cancer.

This challenge to the established LNT model and raises questions on some of the basic assumptions used to assess the risk of low dose radiation exposures.

This model describes three types of forces: electromagnetic interactions, which cause all phenomena associated with electric and magnetic fields and the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation; strong interactions, which bind atomic nuclei; and the weak nuclear force, which governs beta decay — a form of natural radioactivity — and hydrogen fusion, the source of the sun's energy.

The participants were M.I.T.'s Alan Guth, the developer of the inflationary model of the universe, Lawrence Krauss, a frequent contributor to Scientific American magazine and director of the Origins Initiative at Arizona State University, John Carlstrom from the University of Chicago, who studies the cosmic microwave background radiation left over from the big bang and Scott Dodelson of the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, who studies the origin and structure of the universe.

Now, a team of scientists of the University of Cambridge, the UK Met Office and CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre) have adapted modelling systems previously used to forecast, ash dispersal from erupting volcanoes and radiation from nuclear accidents (NAME), to predict when and how Ug99 and other such strains are most likely to spread.

Through a series of models and experiments, she has demonstrated that ultraviolet radiation can break chemical bonds and split molecules into highly reactive fragments called radicals.