Operation
of the research reactor results unavoidably in radioactive materials.
The supervisory authority, the Senate Department for Health, Environment and Consumer Protection, regularly tests the safety
of the research reactor with the assistance of independent experts.
We have taken many measures to ensure these remain contained during every operating phase
of the research reactor.
To compare, the power
of our research reactor is 10 megawatts.
Radiologist Leonard Sternglass cites a study
of a research reactor located about 100 yards from where I work in Urbana, Illinois.
One of the first licensing activities of the Authority might be in the field
of research reactors for which it would furnish on lease denatured plutonium or U 235.
Not exact matches
In 2007, Israeli airstrikes took out Syria's
research reactor (which it had built with the aid
of North Korea).
Based on previous
research and work in the field
of plasma physics, the two former Creo laser printing employees believe they can build a
reactor to fuse hydrogen atoms together by pneumatically - driven pistons and produce enormous increases in energy.
The Government
of Canada could build on this momentum to develop an expanded MoU on civilian nuclear technology co-operation that includes
research in pressurized heavy water
reactor technology, nuclear medicine and other areas discussed by the prime ministers.
Which wise government spending (see: investment in technology and other productivity - enhancing measures) can help that last bit, which is one reason I'm all in favor
of spending on alternative energy
research (I'm a little sick
of sending hundreds
of billions
of dollars per year overseas for hydrocarbons; I'd rather employ Americans to maintain windfarms, solar plants, not - on - the - table - now - but - maybe - soon thorium
reactors, etc.).
Some people state that Ghana maintains several
research reactors ready on standby for the processing
of highly enriched uranium (HEU) into tactical nuclear weapons (TNW).
The Energy Department focuses on the next generation
of energy technologies — from advanced nuclear
reactors to algae biofuels — conducting basic
research in its network
of 17 national laboratories, and aiding private companies struggling to bring risky new technologies to market.
That legacy
of nuclear energy development continues today at The University
of Manchester in the form
of research on new
reactor technologies and related areas, says Denecke.
Harrison says he hopes the new collaboration will enable the transfer
of some ILL technology to these new
research reactors.
In pursuit
of answers, Munroe runs computer simulations, pores over stacks
of declassified military
research memos, solves differential equations, and consults with nuclear
reactor operators.
Using neutron scattering experiments at the BER II
research reactor, Manfred Reehuis and Michael Tovar were successful in determining the structural and magnetic properties for each
of the mixed crystal specimens over quite a wide temperature range, from near the zero point
of the Kelvin temperature scale to above 900 K.
New developments include reaction systems for catalysis
research, sampling from
reactors, systems for high - throughput applications in synthesis, the handling
of microorganisms or cell - culturing procedures, and more.
Other nuclear scientists are waiting to see how South Korea's new energy policy, due by the end
of the year, might affect
research, including work on fusion
reactors.
Some
of the new nuclear science
research programs, including the one at MIT, are studying new
reactor designs and fuel cycles that scientists (and policy - makers) hope will make nuclear plants safer and cheaper to operate, and produce waste materials with smaller volume, shorter half - lives, and less appeal to terrorists and other would - be nuclear powers.
Buoyed by an allocation
of $ 1.25 billion in funding for
reactor research from the 2005 Energy Policy Act, INL scientists are working to improve safety, boost efficiency, minimize waste, and decrease cost in a new generation
of nuclear
reactors.
To try to confirm the location and condition
of the melted fuel, the International
Research Institute for Nuclear Decommissioning, set up by TEPCO and other entities, has been probing the
reactors» innards with muons.
A few days after the nuclear crisis began to unfold at the Fukushima power station in Japan, Singh, who also serves as minister in charge for atomic energy, ordered a safety review
of all 20 nuclear power plants and a half dozen
research reactors owned and operated by the government.
Vancko estimates that this country will add four new
reactors to its current stable
of 104 in the next decade, and
research into the safer small modular
reactors, sometimes known as micronukes, may lead to a whole new model for the nuclear industry.
The rest
of this special News & Analysis section examines what we have learned about radiation risks from previous exposures (p. 1504), improvements in safety since the boiling water designs at Fukushima (p. 1506), what to do with the wrecked
reactors (p. 1507), and damage to
research facilities from the earthquake (p. 1509).
Dozens
of civilian
research reactors have closed or converted from HEU — uranium enriched to at least 20 %
of the fissile isotope U-235 — to safer low enriched uranium (LEU), including 28 since 2009.
On the other hand, in magnetic field confinement fusion plasma intended for a fusion
reactor, which
research is being conducted at the National Institute for Fusion Science, development
of high precision electron density measurements is becoming an important
research topic.
The panel, known as the Neutron Landscape Group, said last week that as the aging
reactors shut down over the next 5 to 10 years, the number
of neutrons available for
research will fall by as much as half.
THE PROPOSED take over
of ANSTO by the CSIRO has raised questions about the current public inquiry into a proposed new
research reactor.
If the president's request is approved by Congress it will put a severe squeeze on the U.S. domestic fusion program and will force the closure
of the Massachusetts Institute
of Technology's Alcator C - Mod
reactor, one
of only three large machines, known as tokamaks, in the United States that are doing vital
research in preparation for ITER.
Funding for the nuclear R&D sector is much lower than many international competitors and negligible for
research into future generations
of fission
reactors.»
Nuclear Regulatory Commission officials, Energy Department counterparts, utility executives and
research leaders are scheduled to meet in February for a «tabletop» conference on the technical and regulatory issues that could confront a new wave
of relicensing applications by
reactor owners.
«Utilities today see no problem in swapping out steam generators or
reactor cooling pumps,» said Brian Sheron, director
of NRC's Office
of Nuclear Regulatory
Research.
Conceived in the 1970s, Monju was once at the leading edge
of research into fast fission
reactors, which have always been controversial because they burn plutonium, an ingredient in bombs.
Shuttering
of Chalk River
research reactor also ends Canada's national source
of neutron beam time
He said that the government had reviewed its position and concluded that the funding
of research and development on the fast
reactor at Dounreay was not a priority beyond March 1993, as there was agreement that commercial deployment
of the fast
reactor would not be justified until well into the next century.
Canadian scientists are upset about the imminent closure
of the Chalk River
research reactor and are lobbying the government for a CA$ 200 million ($ 162 million) commitment so they can continue to perform materials
research using the neutron beams that
research reactors provide.
«The answer that I got from them at the end
of October,» said Eggar, «was that they felt, having examined all their priorities across all the R&D, that they could not give enough priority to fast breeder
reactor research.
The
research, a major step toward bridging the gap between laboratory studies and industrial catalysis, could help improve the design and environmental impact
of catalytic
reactors, including tiny «lab - on - a-chip» devices, which are used in the manufacture
of pharmaceuticals and other chemical products.
In addition, the team found that large proportions
of the NE budget were spent maintaining
research infrastructure that only marginally supports advanced
reactors.
Officially called National
Research Universal (NRU) reactor, the Chalk River reactor began its life in 1957 and in short order became the centerpiece of Canada's nuclear research ent
Research Universal (NRU)
reactor, the Chalk River
reactor began its life in 1957 and in short order became the centerpiece
of Canada's nuclear
research ent
research enterprise.
The IAEA took possession
of the fuel in Iraq's two
research reactors in mid-1991, after the UN inspected Iraqi nuclear facilities in the aftermath
of the Gulf War.
A key to the advances, which have been published in the Journal
of Nanoparticle
Research, is use
of both a «continuous flow» chemical
reactor, and microwave heating technology that's conceptually similar to the ovens that are part
of almost every modern kitchen.
Since the 1950s roughly $ 100 billion has been spent on the
research and development
of such
reactors around the world, yet there is currently only one producing electricity — the BN - 600
reactor in Russia, operational since 1980.
In Paris yesterday, researchers from the Belgian Nuclear
Research Centre (SCK - CEN) in Mol, the French National Research Council (CNRS), and France's Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) reported that they had successfully operated a research reactor called Guinevere by boosting its nuclear reactions with an externally produced beam of n
Research Centre (SCK - CEN) in Mol, the French National
Research Council (CNRS), and France's Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) reported that they had successfully operated a research reactor called Guinevere by boosting its nuclear reactions with an externally produced beam of n
Research Council (CNRS), and France's Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) reported that they had successfully operated a
research reactor called Guinevere by boosting its nuclear reactions with an externally produced beam of n
research reactor called Guinevere by boosting its nuclear reactions with an externally produced beam
of neutrons.
Osborne announced a doubling
of investment in energy
research, including # 250 million for small modular
reactor development and other nuclear R&D.
Acting on two (
of 12) spending bills under its jurisdiction, the panel agreed on Wednesday to increase the president's request for fusion
research at the Department
of Energy by a total
of $ 76 million, including $ 48 million more for the domestic program and $ 28 million for the U.S. contribution to the ITER fusion
reactor being built in France.
The Department
of Atomic Energy will grow by a healthy 21 %, to $ 2.5 billion, with $ 61 million for the Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic
Research in Kalpakkam, possibly for development
of a new fuel for the fast breeder
reactor.
South Korea is already developing the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced
Research (K - STAR) project and contributing to ITER, the $ 15 - billion (US$ 20 - billion) experimental
reactor being built in Cadarache, France, under the auspices
of an international collaboration.
The
research would culminate in the commissioning
of the first European fast
reactor (EFR) early next century.
As the international ITER project to develop an experimental nuclear fusion
reactor eats into
research budgets around the world, an advisory panel to the US Department
of Energy recommends mothballing at least one
of three major experiments and focusing on
research necessary to bring ITER online.