Typically the JP is only uniform where the estimation is
of a simple location parameter, with the measured variable being the parameter (or a linear function thereof) plus an error whose distribution is independent of the parameter.
Typically the JP is only uniform where the estimation is
of a simple location parameter, with the measured variable being the parameter (or a linear function thereof) plus an error whose distribution is independent of the parameter.
Thus, Bergson's proto - mentalism is also interpretable as the positive face of the critique
of simple location.4 The fallacy
of simple location is the basis for the view, in both physical and logical atomism, that the «individuality of the atom [and of objects in general] is based precisely on its [or their] ontological separation from other simply located entities» (BMP 309).
The critique
of simple location finds positive expression in the thesis that differences in spatiotemporal relations entail lack of qualitative identity in a non-vacuous sense — a lack of identity which can not be the function of some mere accident, external to the concrete entities involved.
Hartshorne sometimes explains this by reference to what Whitehead termed the fallacy
of simple location (CAP 110, 187; CP 468; PS 10: 94; OP 301f), but he also illustrates the point through Charles Peirce's theory of categories (CAP 74 - 91, 103 - 113; CP 455 - 474; RNR 215 - 224).
Likewise, Whitehead's rejection
of simple location is inscribed in the way that Merleau - Ponty comes to describe the relationship between the body and the world's flesh, between body and soul, and between my body and those of others.
The internal, rather than external, relations between occasions of experience which feelings of causal efficacy bring into being create the solidarity of nature — its global, unfragmented nature — the denial
of simple location, and the rejection of Cartesian (and other) dualisms.
Interestingly enough, Whitehead arrives at the notion of the fallacy of misplaced concreteness through his reading of Bergson's critique
of simple location and the spatialization of things (SMW 50), a critique also familiar to Derrida (MP 37; 227).
The denial
of simple location also applies, therefore, to the relationships between mind and body.
Merleau - Ponty also thinks that Whitehead's criticisms
of simple location lead him to appreciate the ontological value of perception in terms of the «immanence» and «transcendence» of nature (N 159).
Envelopment and the denial
of simple location also underwrite Merleau - Ponty's view that flesh is the groundwork of intersubjectivity, or intercorporeity.
Whitehead «deconstructs» the modern fallacy
of simple location and the spatialization of reality, thus critiquing the representational assumptions of philosophy.
And, since Whitehead defines «matter» as anything which has this property
of simple location (SMW 72), his doctrine that all actual entities have prehensions that are vectors constitutes his rejection of a materialistic view of nature.
Alfred North Whitehead has identified the underlying assumptions as (1) the assumption
of simple location; (2) the assumption of the primacy of primary qualities; and (3) the assumption that clarity and distinctness are more fundamental than vagueness.
In any case, at least the fallacy
of simple location, and in part the fallacy of misplaced concreteness, two of Whitehead's most important critical ideas, arise from and are explicitly attributed to Whitehead's reading of and engagement with Bergson's philosophy.17 Indeed, these two critical ideas about failings in the history of philosophy are addressed by both Bergson and Whitehead with the same twofold strategy: (1) a common method designed to minimize the distortion that enters into our metaphysical descriptions while allowing us still to generalize (extensive abstraction); and (2) a common descriptive postulate or tool (the epochal occasion).
In any case, the problems generated by diffuse location concepts are directly derivable, simply by asserting the contrary, from the problems consequent on the adoption of the notion
of simple location.
Whitehead calls this «a complete inversion of the evidence,» and contends that it leads to the «fallacy
of simple location» and the «fallacy of misplaced concreteness.
«14 Following the assumption
of simple location, 15 the cosmology derived from Galileo, Newton and Descartes persistently views the objects isolated by scientific method as though they were the fundamental units of the physical world itself.
From that vantage point it is apparent that a propositional and rational aesthetic, while certainly not guilty of an inversion of the evidence or of the fallacies
of simple location and misplaced concreteness, rests on what is derivative and secondary.
The «assumption
of simple location,» upon which classical physics was based, abstracts from an aspect of physical reality that must now be considered fundamental and not just accidental — time.
To do this would be to commit the fallacy
of simple location and fall into a metaphysics of discrete entities externally related.
The fallacy
of simple location although not yet named so, is criticized in the same book (CN 145f.)
We have seen that the concept of «atom of time» requires that of instant — the very same concept which Whitehead always rejected as early as in 19.19 (PNK 2f, 6 - 8; SMW 54, 172).2 Both concepts — «atom of time» and «instant» — presuppose the notion
of simple location in time which Whitehead denounced as the most dangerous fallacy (SMW 84f, 98, 132).3 His whole doctrine of prehensions is incompatible with the doctrine of external relations which the atomization of time implies.
Nor can time and space be primarily loci
of simple locations, for «each volume of space, or each lapse of time, includes in its essence aspects of all volumes of space, or of all lapses of time» (SMW 104).
Not exact matches
Affordable point -
of - sale technology makes it
simple to accept credit card and online payments from practically any
location.
The number
of times a human is required to move data from one
location to another increases the likelihood
of error due to transposition
of numbers, typos or a
simple misunderstanding and labor is the most costly and finite component
of your business.
After Boulder - based startup
Simple Energy moved out
of its incubator space in 2011, the team
of six, who wanted a downtown
location, selected a massive 5,000 - square - foot space with a three - year lease.
By doing so, the startup wants to ensure that «everyone and everywhere now has an address,» and the use
of words instead
of long complex coordinates makes it
simpler to find and share
location accurately.
Brands and retailers can do themselves a favor by finding vendors that can provide the «how» in proximity marketing with a
simple, reliable technology platform for the delivery
of content in
location.
By the end
of the episode, however, Lemonis said that Mike had built a «strong rapport» with franchisees: They all came together to help The
Simple Greek reopen its newly renovated Mt. Lebanon, Pennsylvania,
location.
Still, the numbers are a nice reminder that
simple changes to your daily routine or even the
location of your work can have outsize impact on your happiness level.
Capek, Milic, «
Simple Location and Fragmentation
of Reality,» Monist 48, 2 (April, 1964), 211f.
(This is the doctrine
of «
simple location»; Whitehead 1925, pp. 69 - 70).
While
location that is neither
simple nor diffuse may be hard to imagine in any detail when we populate it with atomic particles or physical aggregates
of molecules, it becomes transparently clear when we substitute guests at a dinner for the abstract «entities» in a general
location formula.»
Setting up an archive by mentioning in passing some
of the relevant confusions, we can begin by noting that in ethics we have just seen
simple location leading to radical ethical egoism.
In short, one must decide that
simple location and misplaced concreteness really are fallacies before such a method as extensive abstraction or a metaphysics
of epochal occasions will recommend themselves.
Between the time when Aristotle included the «where» in his categories and the time when Whitehead criticized «
simple location,» the question
of places «where things are» attracted rather slight attention from philosophy.
9Just as Whitehead's organic cosmology is a refutation
of Newtonian material atomism with respect to the problem
of «
simple location,» so in a correlative fashion his organic sociology stands in sharp contrast to the modern contractual theory
of civil society, which conceives
of individuals as autonomous existents externally related only by agreement.
This process model
of divine spacetime, projected from Whitehead's theory
of interpoints and his critique
of the Newtonian fallacy
of «
simple location,» slips into the logical difficulty with which process theology has accused traditional theism: It is always possible to ask whether any proposed empirical signs are signs
of God, and it is never possible to provide empirical evidence with which to answer the question (1:42).
Also the corresponding idea
of an unrelated juxtaposition, as in the Whiteheadian notion
of «
simple location,» appears,
of course, late in a child's development; in the beginning the child believes spontaneously in an interconnectedness among all beings, that is in their reciprocal participation and ability to be influenced by each other.
[o] ne needs to be vigilant against
simple notions
of identity which overlap neatly with language or
location.
Are the fears generated by any conversion, or by activities labelled as pro-conversion, real or imagined, constructed or actual, or, if one recognises that
simple binaries are too simplistic and contrived, are these fears something existential, arising from a sense
of (dis)
location?
Without this temporalization, a
simple location of reality creates a false representation that excludes the fluidity
of temporal relations (SMW 51).
So too empirical evidence about the brain is more complex than the
simple distinction about left and right processing (Sally P. Springer and Georg Deutsch, Left Brain, Right Brain [W. H. Freeman, 1981]-RRB- Take, as a prime example, the
location of speech dominance in the left hemisphere.
Thus Aristotle here consistently overcomes the idea
of «
simple location» and
of purely extrinsic mutual activity, so as to conceive
of natural beings as truly immanent in each other.
If one thinks
of a thing consisting
of such matter, without the processes that constitute the thing, one immediately thinks [246]
of the notion
of «
simple location» just as Aristotle described in his concept
of place.
When Whitehead attacks the concept
of substance in Aristotle's Categories he directs his polemic especially against the «
simple location»
of natural entities, according to which they exist merely at their particular places and without internal relations to one another.
But Aristotle seems also to be a target
of Whitehead's criticism
of «
simple location» insofar as Aristotle's theory
of place as the boundary
of the surface
of a body appears to support such a theory (Physics IV, 4, 212a5).
... the concept
of matter presupposed
simple location.
We are so intricately connected with our universe that any «
simple location»
of our own existence, any setting it apart from the totality in which we are embedded, will surely skew our self - understanding.