Sentences with phrase «of skeletal muscle cell»

Dogs with myasthenia gravis either don't have the normal number of skeletal muscle cell receptors for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine when they are born (congenital myasthenia gravis), or the receptors that they do have are defective or have been damaged at some point after their birth (acquired myasthenia gravis).

As stem cells continue their gradual transition from the lab to the clinic, a research group at the University of Wisconsin — Madison has discovered a new way to make large concentrations of skeletal muscle cells and muscle progenitors from human stem cells.

Not exact matches

One of the molecular mysteries hindering development of regenerative therapy for muscles is uncovering the precise genetic and molecular processes that cause skeletal muscle stem cells (called myoblasts) to fuse and form the striated muscle fibers that allow movement.

«In normal conditions, skeletal muscle is a self - healing tissue and can recover promptly from most trauma because of the satellite cells.

Researchers at the University of Louisville have discovered a mechanism involved in skeletal muscle repair that may enable clinicians to boost the effectiveness of adult stem cell therapies for diseases such as muscular dystrophy.

Among the 19 study volunteers who lost 5 percent of their body weight, the function of insulin - secreting beta cells improved, as did insulin sensitivity in fat tissue, liver and skeletal muscle tissue.

«Under no circumstances should it be concluded from our work that consumption of marijuana can be a way to cure diabetes,» Prof. Dobrzyn warns and explains: «The concentration of glucose in the blood is determined by the balance between the activities of alpha and beta cells of the pancreas and insulin target tissues such as skeletal muscle and adipose tissue.

Researchers have isolated stem cells from only some of the body's organs and tissues, including the blood, brain, skeletal muscle, heart muscle and most recently from skin.

Dr. Espen Spangenburg, associate professor of kinesiology, and his laboratory team are the first to identify that the BRCA1 protein is expressed in the skeletal muscle of both mice and humans, and that it plays a key role in fat storage, insulin response and mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle cells.

Lack of evidence for GDF11 as a rejuvenator of aged skeletal muscle satellite cells.

The hamburger was grown in Post's lab using bovine skeletal muscle stem cells, collected from a piece of fresh beef.

«This is a clean demonstration that the physiological and metabolic benefits of exercise radiate to skeletal muscle satellite cells, the adult stem cells responsible for repair after injury, even in senescent animals,» said Thoru Pederson, Ph..

«People used to think that this region of the medulla was only involved in the paralysis of skeletal muscles during REM sleep,» said lead author Yang Dan, a UC Berkeley professor of molecular and cell biology and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator.

These cells can be used in a variety of tissue types, including bone, cartilage, fat, skeletal muscle, smooth muscle and cardiac muscle.

«Whales and other deep - diving marine mammals can pack 10 to 20 times more myoglobin into their cells than humans can, and that allows them to «download» oxygen directly into their skeletal muscles and stay active even when they are holding their breath,» said Olson, Rice's Ralph and Dorothy Looney Professor of Biochemistry and Cell Biology.

The peripheral nervous system of vertebrate animals includes three kinds of nerve cells: sensory neurons, which transmit impulses from sensory receptor structures to the brain; motor neurons, which innervate the striated, or skeletal, muscles, and autonomic neurons, which regulate the functional activity of the circulatory system, the organs, the glands and the smooth muscles (such as those of the intestine).

In vitro experiments in myogenic cells initially suggested that IL - 15 was an anabolic factor for skeletal muscle, able to stimulate the accumulation of contractile protein in differentiated myotubes (8 — 10).

The mesoderm, for example, gives rise to key cell types, including cardiac and skeletal muscle, connective tissue, bone, blood vessels, blood cells, cartilage and portions of the kidneys and skin.

Human triglyceride - rich lipoproteins impair glucose metabolism and insulin signalling in L6 skeletal muscle cells independently of non-esterified fatty acid levels.

It is characterized by the wasting of skeletal muscles and caused by progressive degeneration of nerve cells in the spinal cord; the disease leads to increasing muscular weakness, atrophy and premature death due to respiratory problems.

The findings in a recent issue of Cell demonstrate how PGC - 1a1, a transcriptional coactivator induced in skeletal muscle by exercise and endurance, protects the brain from depression.

We investigated the role of Srf in two cellular compartments of mouse skeletal muscle (myofibers and adult muscle stem cells) upon different perturbation of muscle homeostasis (hypertrophy, atrophy, regeneration).

These endogenous muscle stem cells promote regeneration of skeletal muscles after injury and that participate in adaptation to exercise.

Defined basic principles of how skeletal and cardiac muscle cells adapt to changing physiological demands associated with exercise or disease states.

Characterized other proteins and pathways that modulate proliferation and differentiation of myogenic stem cells, hypertrophic growth of the heart, mitochondrial biogenesis and fiber type — specific gene expression in skeletal muscles.

The gene, known as gata5, acts in embryonic cells, which are primordial, unspecialized cells that form in the earliest stage of embryonic development and are genetically programmed to evolve into one of many specialized cell types, such as skeletal muscle cells, nerve cells, blood cells, skin cells, and liver cells.

Expression of MyoD, a skeletal muscle - specific transcriptional regulator, activated the expression of the Cdk inhibitor p21 during differentiation of murine myocytes and in nonmyogenic cells.

Thus, MyoD may induce terminal cell cycle arrest during skeletal muscle differentiation by increasing the expression of p21.

One of these tissue types, specifically the mesoderm, develops into skeletal muscle cells (along with other cell types, including cardiac muscle, kidney cells, red blood cells, and smooth muscle).

Abstract We discovered that a subset of satellite cells in skeletal muscle are self - renewing stem cells that give rise to myogenic progenitors through asymmetric apical - basal cell divisions.

Using mouse skeletal muscle stem cells as a model, we show that accumulating transcripts specifying the myogenic program are not translated in quiescent satellite cells, but are repressed by the action of microRNAs and RNA binding proteins.

p38 MAPK signaling underlies a cell - autonomous loss of stem cell self - renewal in skeletal muscle of aged mice.

Research is specially centered on stem cells of skeletal muscle (i.e., satellite cells).

MyoD is normally only expressed in skeletal muscle, and it was later found to be a transcription factor involved in the differentiation of muscle cells and also a very early marker of muscle cell fate commitment.

A second line of research is to use skeletal muscle formation in the chick embryo as a model to understand how cells within tissues display complex behaviours while being exposed to an ever - changing cellular environment.

(6) This is consistent with the deleterious effect of such cells on tissue function, and with the researchers» conclusion that «the observed improvements in skeletal muscle and fat of late - life treated 10 - month - old BubR1H / H; INK - ATTAC - 5 mice reflect attenuated progression of age - related declines rather than a reversal of ageing».

Roberts, E. W. and Deonarine, A. and Jones, J. O. and Denton, A. E. and Feig, C. and Lyons, S. K. and Espeli, M. and Kraman, M. and McKenna, B. and Wells, R. J. B. and Zhao, Q. and Caballero, O. L. and Larder, R. and Coll, A. P. and O'Rahilly, S. and Brindle, K. M. and Teichmann, S. A. and Tuveson, D. A. and Fearon, D. T. (2013) Depletion of stromal cells expressing fibroblast activation protein - alpha from skeletal muscle and bone marrow results in cachexia and anemia.

Title: Regulation of skeletal muscle stem cell behaviour by Pax3 and Pax7 Authors: Lagha M, Sato T, Bajard L, Daubas P, Esner M, Montarras D, Relaix F, Buckingham M Date: 2008 Publication Details: Cold Spring Harbor Symposium on Quantitative Biology 2008.

Title: A Subpopulation of Adult Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells Retains All Template DNA Strands after Cell Division Authors: Rocheteau P, Gayraud - Morel B, Siegl - Cachedenier I, Blasco MA, Tajbakhsh S Date: January 2012 Publication Details: Cell.

The candidate must have an experience working in the biology and physiology of skeletal muscle, with a reference to in vitro / ex vivo muscle cell contraction.

Human satellite cell cultures display numerous features of mature skeletal muscles (1) and have been used for studies of muscle metabolism in cultures established from patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy control subjects (1 — 5,8,9,21,22).

Another example is AMDC — autologous adult skeletal muscle primary cells that are expanded in culture prior to injection and are tested for the treatment of ischemic heart failure.

Montarras D, Morgan J, Collins C, et al., Direct Isolation of Satellite Cells for Skeletal Muscle Regeneration.

Currently, back at the University of warsaw, she heads the Department of Cytology which investigates the potential of various stem cells to differentiate into myoblasts and to participate in the regeneration of skeletal muscle.

The decline in skeletal muscle function associated with human ageing can be ascribed to an increasing number of mutations in satellite cells — the resident stem cells of skeletal muscle.

Targeted gene therapy, which would affect smooth muscle cells but not skeletal muscle, holds promise for treatment of these and other disorders.

Ju YM, Atala A, Yoo JJ, et al., In situ regeneration of skeletal muscle tissue through host cell recruitment.

Spinal muscular atrophy involves wasting of the skeletal muscles and is caused by gradual degeneration of nerve cells in the spinal cord.

The NG2 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan is a membrane - spanning protein expressed by several types of immature progenitor cells, including oligodendrocyte progenitors, chondroblasts, skeletal muscle myoblasts, smooth muscle cells, and pericytes.

Like Lou Gehrig's disease, SMA is a neuromuscular illness that attacks nerve cells of the spinal cord and causes skeletal muscles to waste away.