Related sites Information about and images
of the snow algae Thomas Vogelmann's home page Chris Field's home page
And if warming Arctic temperatures increase the area
of snow algae's preferred habitat of just - below - freezing snow, the microbes might expand their range further.
In their study, the team led by Stefanie Lutz and Liane G. Benning investigated the biodiversity
of snow algae and other microbial communities using high - throughput genetic sequencing.
Not exact matches
Algae stain the hot pools with vibrantcolors, reds, blues and oranges, that contrast sharply with the
snow, andghostly frost - covered trees ring the mud volcanoes like pieces
of sculpture.The earth rumbles, gasps.
Red
snow: When
snow repeatedly melts partially and then refreezes, the stage is set for a red - pigmented
alga, Chlamydomonas nivalis, to take up residence in the thin films
of water around the
snow particles.
An
alga species that grows on glaciers gives the
snow a crimson hue, which increases the amount
of sunlight that the
snow soaks up and makes it melt faster, new measurements confirm.
The
snow algae specialist comments on the study: «For the first time ever, researchers have investigated the large - scale effect
of microorganisms on the melting
of snow and ice the Arctic.»
The blooming leads to a runaway effect: The more glaciers and
snow fields thaw the more
algae bloom which in turn results in a darkening
of the surface which again accelerates melting.
«Cosmopolitan
snow algae accelerate the melting
of Arctic glaciers.»
It has been known for quite some time that red pigmented
snow algae blooming on icy surfaces darken the surface which in turn leads to less albedo and a higher uptake
of heat.
The role
of red pigmented
snow algae in melting Arctic glaciers has been strongly underestimated, suggests a study to be published in NATURE Communications on June 22.
After the
snow cover melts for the season, other species
of alga take over.
They found 6 types
of algae living at 40 red -
snow sites in Norway, Sweden, Greenland and Iceland.
The
algae creates vast, colourful fields
of what is popularly known as «watermelon
snow».
Stefanie Lutz, a PhD student at the School
of Earth and Environment at the University
of Leeds, and lead author
of the study, said: «Our three - week field trip revealed a «microbial garden»
of life forms flourishing in this cold environment, including
snow algae, bacteria, fungi and even invertebrates.
But enormous blooms
of photosynthetic
algae also cover the
snow - strewn ice sheet every summer.
Chlamydomonas nivalis, the «watermelon
snow» described by Lisa Grossman in her article on extreme life (14 June, p 13), is not a type
of red
algae but a green
alga in the Chlorophyta phylum.
SNOW DECORATION Algae turn the snow pink and red on parts of Alaska's Harding Icefi
SNOW DECORATION
Algae turn the
snow pink and red on parts of Alaska's Harding Icefi
snow pink and red on parts
of Alaska's Harding Icefield.
Williamson is part
of a five - year project investigating the impact
of ice
algae, which is different than
snow algae, and bacteria on the Greenland ice sheet (SN: 5/20/00, p. 328).
The insect also likes a party: In late winter or early spring, these bugs sometimes form huge colonies, as wide as a yard, with millions
of individuals migrating together like a superorganism, devouring the
algae that grow on wet, decomposing leaf litter in the melting
snow, Schulz explains.
The
algae and its marine
snow aggregates can serve as a major food source for other forms
of marine life like plankton - eating fish and shellfish.
Mountaineers trekking through
snow on every continent besides Africa have reported seeing Chlamydomonas nivalis — sometimes called watermelon
algae because
of its color and faint fruity scent.
In some areas, they boosted the growth
of the
algae by dousing the
snow in fertilizer.
This image shows how
snow algae increased across Alaska's Harding Icefield over the summer
of 2013.
By the end
of the test,
snow that got extra
algae was three times as likely to have melted to slush or down to a layer
of ice beneath it.
A pinkish colored
algae develops on top
of the
snow.
Tiny
algae called Marine
Snow located under the ice in Antarctica may hold the key to understanding the food chain for a huge part
of the ocean.
Consider the possibility that not just millions, but billions face disastrous consequences from the likes
of (including but not limited to): Sandy (and other hybrid and out -
of - season storms enhanced by the earth's circulatory eccentricities and warmer oceans); the drought in progress; wildfires; floods (just last week, Argentina had 16 inches
of rain in 2 hours *); derechos; increased cold and
snow in the north as the Arctic melts and cracks up, breaking up the Arctic circulation and sending cold out
of what was previously largely a contained system, and losing its own consistent cold, seriously interfering with the Jet Stream, pollution
of multiple kinds such as in China, the increase
of algae and the like in our oceans as they heat, and food and water shortages.
These
algae can change the albedo
of snow, affecting the rate
of Arctic snowmelt.
However, there are also changes in the albedo
of snow due to growth
of biological communities based on
algae when nutrients are deposited on
snow.