The work concerns the structure of society and legitimate government, and is regarded as one of the earliest and most influential examples
of social contract theory.
The early modern period saw the rise
of social contract theory (agreement replacing reason or faith), a focus on laws and institutions (rather than the unitary leader).
That's the weakness (if you consider it weakness)
of social contract theory.
Yet, thinkers from Edmund Burke to Russell Kirk have shown the deeply anti-conservative bases
of the social contract theory of Lockean (and Hobbesian) origin, one that is premised upon a conception of human beings as naturally «free and independent,» as autonomous individuals who are thought to exist by nature detached from a web of relationships that include family, community, Church, region, and so on.
Not exact matches
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The utilitarian interpretation stands, above all, under the archetype
of the
social contract and is consonant with the modern
theory of natural rights as derived from John Locke.
In a sense, modern - day terrorism represents a liturgical reaction to the
social -
contract theory of the state.
No matter how sophisticated, or at least complicated,
theories of social contract may be, they are as thoroughly made up as nursery tales.
Covenantal Realism: The Self - Referential Incoherency
of Conventional
Social Contract Theory and the Necessity
of Consent Paul R. Dehart
John Locke, a principal Enlightenment force behind the
theory of a
social contract, advocated the right
of citizens» resistance to enforce the terms
of the
contract.
In any event, here is where an authentic
theory of natural law proves to be indispensable for Judaism, but only when the
social contract theory is abandoned, a task that «requires radical criticism
of the key political idea
of the Enlightenment,... that human beings can construct their own primary society autonomously.
The covenant's dependence on nature even holds for that feature
of God's pact with the Jews that would seem to connect most closely with
social contract theories: the element
of mutual agreement.
This notion, as everyone knows, is called the
theory of «the
social contract.»
Deneen, to the contrary, argues that
social contract theory radically changed the founders» conception
of natural law — the «common good,» for example, was no longer an objective human good knowable to reason, but merely a collection
of personal preferences.
Whitehead repudiates the laissez - faire individualism
of the Enlightenment.6 Whereas ancient societies failed to perceive man as an individual,
social contract theory neglects man s essential sociality, which is more primal than his individuality:
contract presupposes custom.
Accordingly the state has entirely different moral obligations than an individual (see the SEP article on
social contract theory as well as the «state» section
of the article on Hegel).
Again, the
theory of social contract informs us that individuals choose to cede some rights in exchange for their protection from the dismal life in a state
of nature.
A common thread in the
social contract theory is the assumption that the state and political order exist for the general interest
of the people, where life, liberty and property can be protected.
Kasper and I had actually first worked on a book about public art, and while we were working on all kinds
of public art
theories, on the
social contract of art, we realized that, as a matter
of fact, there was still painting.
Much
of this topic has been studied for centuries / millenia and some
of the fruits
of such studies are to be found in various disciplines, including sociology, psychology (cognition), linguistics (e.g. speech act
theory) and also law and legal professions dealing with «
social contracts» (e.g. diplomatics).
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