A recent study confirms that the electric sail invented at the Finnish Meteorological Institute is the most effective form
of spacecraft propulsion to date.
An ion thruster (or ion drive), one of several types
of spacecraft propulsion, uses beams of ions - electrically charged atoms or molecules - for propulsion.
Not exact matches
Instead
of sending large
spacecraft capable
of moving asteroids, the startup wants to send a small craft that could land on the asteroid and 3 - D print a
propulsion system and guidance mechanisms — essentially turning the asteroid into its own spaceship that would then drive itself to wherever a crew was located.
So serious, in fact, that the organization's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory has put out a call for design proposals
of the
spacecraft that will eventually land on an asteroid, then send a huge chunk
of it over to humans for experimentation.
However, the neutralizer requires additional power from the
spacecraft and increases the size and weight
of the
propulsion system.
Plasma
propulsion is an important and efficient technology used to control
spacecraft for Earth observation, communications and fundamental exploration
of outer space.
The most likely strategy for returning samples stored on the 2020 rover will involve two more
spacecraft heading to Mars, says Charles Whetsel
of NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.
The researchers found between four and 28 viable cells per passport photo — size unit
of area — similar to those in clean rooms at the NASA Jet
Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, and the Kennedy Space Center in Florida where
spacecraft are assembled.
An artist's rendering
of Japan's IKAROS solar sail, the first
spacecraft to use the sun's light as its main means
of propulsion.
Facing limited funds, NASA administrator Michael Griffin slashed many science programs, including astrobiology (down 50 percent in the 2007 request) and the development
of nuclear
propulsion systems for
spacecraft (down 97 percent).
But no
spacecraft has used a sail as its primary means
of propulsion.
NASA is currently developing concepts for the redirect mission that will employ a robotic
spacecraft, driven by an advanced solar electric
propulsion system, to capture a small near - Earth asteroid or remove a boulder from the surface
of a larger asteroid.
There are many different types
of rockets, and a comprehensive list can be found in
spacecraft propulsion - they range in size from tiny models such as water rockets or small solid rockets that can be purchased at a hobby store, to the enormous Saturn V used for the Apollo program.
Instead
of rocketing astronauts off into deep space, the Asteroid Redirect Mission would send a robotic
spacecraft to a small asteroid, secure it (potentially by grabbing it and stuffing it into a giant high - tech bag) and tow it back to orbit the moon using a hyper - efficient kind
of rocket engine technology called solar electric
propulsion.
In 2014, the
spacecraft team at Lockheed Martin Space Systems, Denver; and NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California; and the THEMIS team at ASU, developed procedures to rotate the
spacecraft for upward - looking imaging
of Comet Siding Spring as it passed near Mars.
A 2003 survey found a particularly stubborn strain
of the rod - shaped bacteria Bacillus pumilus in even the cleanest
of clean rooms at NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, where Mars - bound
spacecraft are assembled.
«We can't see individual continents or people in this portrait
of Earth, but this pale blue dot is a succinct summary
of who we were on July 19,» said Linda Spilker, Cassini project scientist, at NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. «Cassini's picture reminds us how tiny our home planet is in the vastness
of space, and also testifies to the ingenuity
of the citizens
of this tiny planet to send a robotic
spacecraft so far away from home to study Saturn and take a look - back photo
of Earth.»
The
Spacecraft Assembly Facility at NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory at California Institute
of Technology.
Developed in conjunction with Homeland Security's Science and Technology Directorate, FINDER is based on remote - sensing radar technology developed by NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., to monitor the location
of spacecraft JPL manages for NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington.
> A
propulsion module consisting
of four stages, each with four Vulcain 2 rocket engines (now being readied for an upgrade
of ESA's Ariane 5 rocket), to propel the
spacecraft from low Earth orbit to Mars.
Electric
propulsion works by driving a stream
of plasma, or electrically charged gas, out the back
of a
spacecraft.
«We've got a
spacecraft on the way to Ceres, so we don't have to wait long before getting more context on this intriguing result, right from the source itself,» said Carol Raymond, the deputy principal investigator for Dawn at NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. «Dawn will map the geology and chemistry
of the surface in high resolution, revealing the processes that drive the outgassing activity.»
The
spacecraft's view is now three times as sharp as in its previous mapping orbit, revealing exciting new details
of this intriguing dwarf planet,» said Marc Rayman, Dawn's chief engineer and mission director, based at NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California.
Devin Kipp is an entry, descent, and landing systems engineer at the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory and has spent the past 7 years working on the design, development, testing, and operation
of the Mars Science Laboratory
spacecraft.
These include building a laser far larger than any we have today, developing techniques to use it as both
propulsion and communication for the
spacecraft, and protecting a tiny probe from the hostile environment
of interstellar space.
NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, a division
of Caltech in Pasadena, California, built the twin Voyager
spacecraft and operates them for the Heliophysics Division within NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington.
His Field Emission Electric
Propulsion (FEEP) system produces the smallest thrust
of any space engine ever: It is designed to counter the force
of sunlight on a
spacecraft — about the same as that
of a single falling human hair.
Between 1996 and 2003, for example, NASA had a program to explore what it calls Breakthrough
Propulsion Physics to build
spacecraft capable
of traveling at speeds faster than light (299,790 kilometers per second).
But on an early fly - by in February 2005, the
spacecraft's magnetometer «sensed something unusual going on with its magnetic field», says Cassini project scientist Linda Spilker
of the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California.
During the teleconference, problems that had arisen with the
propulsion system, and tears in the
spacecraft's sunshield were cited as examples
of issues that had caused delays.
Aerojet Rocketdyne announced on Monday, Nov. 23, the signing
of a contract with Boeing valued at nearly $ 200 million to complete the design, development, qualification, and certification production
of the Crew Space Transportation (CST)-100 «Starliner»
spacecraft service module
propulsion system.
Electric
propulsion has already proven its worth on commercial satellites, culminating in the 2015 launch of the world's first all - electric spacecraft, said Mitchell Walker, chairman of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics» Electric Propulsion Technical Committee, who also presented testimony during th
propulsion has already proven its worth on commercial satellites, culminating in the 2015 launch
of the world's first all - electric
spacecraft, said Mitchell Walker, chairman
of the American Institute
of Aeronautics and Astronautics» Electric
Propulsion Technical Committee, who also presented testimony during th
Propulsion Technical Committee, who also presented testimony during the hearing.
In 2014, the
spacecraft team at Lockheed Martin Space Systems, Denver; and NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California; and the THEMIS team at Arizona State University, Tempe, developed procedures to rotate the
spacecraft for upward - looking imaging
of a comet passing near Mars.
Bolden was grilled by subcommittee chairman Steve Palazzo (R - MS) and committee chairman Smith on why he was ignoring NAC's advice to (1) obtain an independent cost evaluation (ICE)
of ARM prior to the Mission Concept Review (which just took place), and (2) modify it so that its primary objective is demonstration
of high power solar electric
propulsion rather than obtaining a sample
of an asteroid, and to send the
spacecraft to Mars and back rather than to an asteroid.
Crossing the huge distance between the Sun and Alpha Centauri using current
spacecraft technologies would take several millennia, though the possibility
of nuclear pulse
propulsion or laser light sail technology, as considered in the Breakthrough Starshot program, could reduce the journey time to a matter
of decades.
A 30 - year veteran at the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, Mr. Hoffman has supported a number
of major flight projects, including working on software for the Voyager
spacecraft's encounter with Neptune, testing computer hardware for the Cassini mission to Saturn, participating in the STARDUST mission to the WILD - 2 comet as a member
of the project systems engineering team, contributing to the Mars rovers (Spirit and Opportunity) as Avionics Systems Manager and serving as Deputy Project Manager for the GRAIL mission to the Moon.
To celebrate the
spacecraft's accomplishments and illustrate the mission's final moments, NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory created a video animation
of Cassini's final months.
The telescope is comprised
of two parts: the Optical Telescope and Integrated Science (OTIS) instrument module housing all the scientific equipment, and the
spacecraft that provides power,
propulsion and other systems, including a «sunshield» to protect the instruments from the Sun.
«No
spacecraft has ever been this close to Saturn before,» Earl Maize, Cassini Project Manager at NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, said in a statement «We could only rely on predictions, based on our experience with Saturn's other rings,
of what we thought this gap between the rings and Saturn would be like.
Scientists and engineers at NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) are using a replica
of the upcoming InSight Mars lander to simulate conditions the
spacecraft might face on the Red Planet's surface.
Metallic hydrogen propellant in pulse
propulsion systems could give us
spacecraft with an Isp
of over 1,700.
This mission is low - cost at $ 20 million, and according to Johnson, «It is the only
propulsion system that will let us take a
spacecraft the size
of a bootbox into interplanetary space and observe the asteroids we want to observe.»
«The
spacecraft will burn up and disintegrate like a meteor in the upper atmosphere
of Saturn,» Preston Dyches,
of NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), told Space.com via email.
«If you deploy it in deep space,» he continued, «there's no other
propulsion system to date that can match it pound for pound
of spacecraft mass in terms
of the thrust that it can give you.
In 2014, the
spacecraft team at Lockheed Martin Space Systems in Denver, NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, and the THEMIS team at ASU developed procedures to rotate the
spacecraft for upward - looking imaging
of Comet Siding Spring as it passed near Mars.
His second book, The Darkest Side
of Saturn, was inspired by watching images
of the night side
of Saturn from the Voyager
spacecraft as they arrived for the first time at the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory where he worked.
Famous for hosting the annual Rose Bowl football game and the Tournament
of Roses Parade, Pasadena is the home
of many leading scientific and cultural institutions, including the California Institute
of Technology (Caltech), the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory (the leading robotics and
spacecraft design and manufacturing NASA center), Art Center College
of Design, the Pasadena Playhouse, California School
of Culinary Arts Pasadena and the Norton Simon Museum
of Art.
I'm traveling with a few members
of the InSight team from Lockheed and NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, as well the crew tasked with handling the
spacecraft.
Resourceful professional with extensive experience in systems engineering / integration with expertise in all aspects
of rocket /
spacecraft technology, including dynamics,
propulsion, flight control and sciences, software, design reviews, mass properties, and test equipment.