Regional differences in the observed SST changes after volcanic eruptions are expected, partly because
of spatial differences in climate noise.
Not exact matches
Or one might declare that (E) and (E1) are necessarily independent if the distance between their
spatial coordinates divided by the
difference between their temporal coordinates, in some common frame, exceeds the speed
of light.
Hence the succession is confused with
spatial order; the duration
of concomitant motions is judged erroneously from the distance covered by the moving bodies without taking into account the
differences in speed; and the relation
of simultaneity is not disentangled from
spatial coincidence.
As your baby's
spatial awareness develops, together with her sense
of touch, she can tell the
difference between round and flat objects.
As the last general election in the United Kingdom showed, this is a hazardous task to engage in, as the votes to seats ration can be skewed by geography and
spatial differences in terms
of support gains / losses for the different parties.
The fact that experience can shape individual
differences, which in turn can affect the quality
of spatial and social cognition a person, suggests that growing up in certain built environments can have detrimental or beneficial effects on their cognitive ability.
The work
of Kremkow and colleagues indicates that the organization
of all maps originates from the same principle: an arrangement
of thalamic afferents that minimizes
differences in
spatial position, eye input and light / dark polarity among neighboring cortical neurons.
«It's not a
difference in the number
of receptors, it's
spatial orientation.»
These
differences were found in parts
of the DNA that turn genes on and off in specific brain regions, in this case a brain region important for
spatial memory.
Although the effect
of the
spatial distribution
of SLR in each CMIP5 model on beach loss rate in Japan is insignificant, the effects
of differences in the SLR values among the RCP scenarios and CMIP5 models are significant.
There was no
difference between mutant and normal mice when it came to investigating an empty cage, however, and the mutants even outperformed normal mice on a test
of spatial learning and memory, suggesting that their deficit was specific for social behavior.
Sampling song from males at high and low elevations from two different mountains allowed us to (i) assess the presence
of any
differences in song structure at different elevations and (ii) consider the potential mechanism generating variation or song dialects on a small
spatial scale.
Vertical motion and
spatial extent
of 2
of the largest regions are confirmed by satellite image
differencing.
We generate high - resolution 3D models
of the
spatial organization
of the genomes
of distinct eukaryotic cell types in interphase to identify
differences in the chromatin landscape.
Using
spatial correlation functions to quantify the
differences between emergent cell lineage segregation patterns, we find that strong adhesion often, but not always, maximizes the size
of clonal cell clusters on flat surfaces.
Additionally, there were also regional
differences in the
spatial patterns
of change trend in the ARNC temperature at a given time.
We develop systems
of ordinary differential equations to address the generic features
of the initial phase
of spheroid formation and an agent - based three - dimensional computational model to focus on
spatial differences in the process.
Phenotypic divergence
of exotic fish populations is shaped by
spatial proximity and habitat
differences across an invaded landscape.
Examination
of the geographical distribution
of the
differences in 0 to 700 m heat content between the 1977 — 1981 and 1965 — 1969 pentads and the 1986 — 1990 and 1977 — 1981 pentads shows that the pattern
of heat content change has
spatial scales
of entire ocean basins and is also found in similar analyses by Ishii et al. (2006).
These
spatial differences of protein expression include proteins that have previously been identified as HCC biomarkers.
Such samples, commonly referred to as FFPE, preserve the integrity
of the tissue architecture
of the original tumor, allowing the researchers to study the
spatial differences in protein expression.
Effects
of gender
differences and
spatial abilities within a digital pentominoes game.
Often lost in the discussion
of girls» advantages is the reality that boys outperform girls on tests
of visual and
spatial abilities, and do at least as well on tests
of mathematical skills at this age, and these
differences widen as they advance in school.
She has compiled a chart
of information describing the
difference between an auditory - sequential learner and a visual -
spatial learner.
This creates a fascinating reference system
of repetitions and
differences, in terms
of both the temporal and the
spatial, that asks questions
of the viewer about architecture, public space, and their function in society.
The display
of seemingly unrelated objects in terms
of spatial proximity,
differences in scale, subject matter as well as the overall diversity
of Birmingham's collection chimes with Jess's citation
of many inter-connecting references in her work allowing innovative overlaps
of visual, historical and cultural analogies.
Traces
of older methods are still evident as well, able to co-exist with these newer developments, all in all contributing to a diverse selection
of works, with physical and
spatial differences occurring across all the paintings in this current exhibition, Field.
Hence, we would expect to see increasing
differences in the
spatial OLR structure compared to that
of the heat emission from the surface, as the greenhouse effect is increased.
Some
of these
differences are believed to reflect
differences in seasonality and
spatial emphasis.
However, none
of these issues really affect the attribution argument because a)
differences in magnitude
of forcing over time are assessed by way
of the scales in the attribution process, and b) errors in the
spatial pattern will end up in the residuals, which are not large enough to change the overall assessment.
A situation which you describe in the paper (see Figures 3a, 3b, first full paragraph
of page 461, that the reconstructed trends for the Peninsula are less than the global average and yet you describe is as one
of the most rapidly warming places on earth, that your Figure 4e has
spatial differences compared with Supplemental Figure 1c and 1d or the image you linked to in comment 18), and which renders that
spatial detail
of the cover image difficult to interpret.
A basic
difference between our calculations and those
of O'Donnell is that we chose to retain the trend information in the satellite data in the presentation
of our results, whereas their method uses only the
spatial information.
Transcription comes in with the means
of cooperation between national meteorological organizations and
spatial sampling is uneven owing to
differences in national capabilities.
But the more basic point here is that the Cowtan paper does not use the satellite time trend (which is somewhat unreliable — remember the long history
of corrections, and the
difference in trends between the UAH and RSS products), it only uses the satellite
spatial pattern to fill the data holes.
Spatial and temporal patterns
of greenness on the Yamal Peninsula, Russia: interactions
of ecological and social factors affecting the Arctic normalized
difference vegetation index
Assuming the
spatial patterns
of the warming shown by the GISS LOTI data are close to being correct, then the
differences with the lower troposphere data appear to show that lower troposphere temperature data would be
of questionable value for infilling the HADCRUT4 data.
The
differences in the warming
spatial patterns are even more pronounced for the period
of 1997 to 2012.
Spatial and temporal
differences in thermal response to storm events were controlled by precipitation and stream discharge peak characteristics (above) plus antecedent basin conditions, which together determine the nature and rapidity
of hydrological response.
To investigate the relative source strengths
of OSCs, the respective source contributions for DMS are presented in Fig. 4, which indicates the magnitude
of the different contributions as well as
differences in the
spatial distributions
of the three types
of sources.
Last year, an analysis conducted by the UK Met Office demonstrated that the disagreement amongst groups arose primarily from the
differences in
spatial coverage, especially the inclusion or exclusion
of polar regions.
The principal scientific objective is to make global SSS measurements over the ice - free oceans with 150 - km
spatial resolution, and to achieve a measurement error less than 0.2 (PSS - 78 [practical salinity scale
of 1978]-RRB- on a 30 - day time scale, taking into account all sensors and geophysical random errors and biases.Salinity is indeed a key indicator
of the strength
of the hydrologic cycle because it tracks the
differences created by varying evaporation and precipitation, runoff, and ice processes.
FHX2 has powerful statistical functions for analyzing the seasonality
of past fires, temporal changes in fire regimes, or
spatial differences in fire occurrence between sites.
In addition to regional climate change being strongly affected by natural modes
of variability, geographic
differences in climate change are related to the uneven
spatial distribution
of aerosols and tropospheric ozone.
Tomas was insisting on the importance
of the
spatial component
of the chaos in our climate system (see title
of this post, and his comments up top regarding the
difference — which he introduced here, not I).
I think I might be responsible for that abuse
of jargon; just meant to convey that the macrostate (globally averaged temperature) has a whole bunch
of equi - probable (or as close as makes little
difference given how under - constrained by measurement the system is) microstates (
spatial distributions
of temperature).
By examining the
spatial pattern
of both types
of climate variation, the scientists found that the anthropogenic global warming signal was relatively spatially uniform over the tropical oceans and thus would not have a large effect on the atmospheric circulation, whereas the PDO shift in the 1990s consisted
of warming in the tropical west Pacific and cooling in the subtropical and east tropical Pacific, which would enhance the existing sea surface temperature
difference and thus intensify the circulation.
Due to the
differences in time - span and
spatial resolution between the three satellite datasets considered, not all
of the above shown ground - based stations were utilized in the comparisons
of all three satellite instruments.
Differences in growth rates have been attributed to differences in spatial variations of the initial aerosol sizes, in solubilities, and in magnitudes of super
Differences in growth rates have been attributed to
differences in spatial variations of the initial aerosol sizes, in solubilities, and in magnitudes of super
differences in
spatial variations
of the initial aerosol sizes, in solubilities, and in magnitudes
of supersaturation.
We posit that these characteristics are the result
of demonstrable
differences between corresponding topographical datasets used in the gridded observations and CRCM, the resulting errors propagated to physical variables tied to elevation and the beneficial effect
of subsequent
spatial averaging.
«Bias might be introduced in cases where the
spatial coverage is not uniform (e.g.,
of the 24 original chronologies with data back to 1500, half are concentrated in eastern Siberia) but this can be reduced by prior averaging
of the chronologies into regional series (as was done in the previous section)... Eight different methods have been used... They produce very similar results for the post-1700 period... They exhibit fairly dramatic
differences, however, in the magnitude
of multidecadal variability prior to 1700... highlighting the sensitivity
of the reconstruction to the methodology used, once the number
of regions with data, and the reliability
of each regional reconstruction, begin to decrease.