Where are we in assembling the fungal tree of life, classifying the fungi, and understanding the evolution
of their subcellular traits.
The successful candidate will receive extensive training on proteomics - based discovery (secretome proteomics to identify cytokines important in different children's cancers, protein expression profiling
of subcellular fractions and organelles, and interactome proteomics to identify novel protein — protein interactions) and follow - up of proteomic findings (molecular cell biological characterization of protein functions and signaling).
A novel algorithm for automatic reconstruction
of subcellular motion.
A new microscope has the ability to capture 3 - D video
of subcellular dynamics in multicellular organisms.
Further characterization
of the subcellular expression and molecular function of Boule will help to discern the relationship between Boule and these other highly conserved germ cell proteins.
Investigation
of the subcellular location of the tetrapyrrole - biosynthesis enzyme coproporphyrinogen oxidase in higher plants
«This is the first time the two imaging methods IF and FP have been combined to study the location of a large number of proteins in the cell in an efficient and systematic way», says Emma Lundberg, principal investigator and Director
of the Subcellular Protein Atlas.
In the second step, all antibodies targeting the same protein are taken in consideration for final annotation
of the subcellular localization.
Additionally, alterations
of subcellular localization through aberrant splicing or genetic mutations also provide ways to inactivate tumor suppressor genes (50).
Nuclear expression of underphosphorylated retinoblastoma (Unp - Rb) protein was used as a control
of subcellular fractionation.
Additionally, an alteration
of subcellular localization from nuclei to cytoplasm was also observed in > 70 % of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma samples.
Lysates from these two cell populations were fractionated on the basis
of the subcellular localization using the ProteoExtract Kit, and 40 μg of proteins was loaded for Western blotting.
Because DDX3 exhibits tumor suppressor functions, such as a growth - suppressive property and transcriptional activation of the p21waf1 / cip1 promoter, and is inactivated through down - regulation of gene expression or alteration
of subcellular localization in tumor cells, all these features together suggest that DDX3 might be a candidate tumor suppressor.
The examination of the amyloid pathology with super-resolution microscopy permitted us to further reveal a clear separation
of the subcellular location of Aβ - immunoreactivity from that of APP / CTFs.
This extreme morphology raises many cellular challenges: in particular, the delay required to transport organelles and cargo from the soma to distant parts of the axon can reach several hours and is incompatible with the rapid adaptation
of subcellular homeostasis.
Understanding the molecular connections between the local regulation
of subcellular homeostasis and axon morphogenesis is therefore a critical challenge in cellular neurobiology.
That technology rapidly and repeatedly sweeps an ultra-thin sheet of light through the cell while acquiring a series of 2 - D images, building a high - resolution 3 - D movie
of subcellular dynamics.
«Live cell imaging reveals distinct alterations
of subcellular glutathione potentials.»
«By offering the distinct advantage
of subcellular resolution and avoiding the undesirable influence of fluorescent dyes, we believe our technique can complement FDG in clinical PET imaging for visualizing glucose uptake activity at the cellular level,» says the lead author Fanghao Hu, a Ph.D. candidate in chemistry.
An intriguing new study
of their subcellular structure could help explain how bipolar synaptic terminals meet such excessive energy demands.
Not exact matches
A friend
of mine relates how, when he was in college, he was using electron microscopy to look at
subcellular organelles.
A pioneer
of modern cell biology used cell fractionation and electron microscopy to describe
subcellular structures.
Using cutting - edge 3D microscopy, researchers from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Yale University examined the
subcellular architecture
of presynaptic terminals in retinal bipolar cells
of live goldfish.
Spectrally resolved super-resolution microscopy image
of four
subcellular targets that were labeled by four far - red dyes at 10 nm spectral separation.
Thus, a change in the
subcellular localization
of CED - 4 may drive programmed cell death.
«The cytoskeleton system is comprised
of a host
of interacting
subcellular structures and proteins, and our technique will enable research on the interactions between these different targets with unprecedented number
of color channels and spatial resolution,» he said.
«We expect that our new method will become an attractive tool to study energy requirements
of living systems with
subcellular resolution,» says Min, «especially in brain and malignant tumors that are in high demand
of energy.»
But the crescent - shaped C. moniliferum caught Krejci's eye because
of its unusual ability to remove strontium from water, depositing it in crystals that form in
subcellular structures known as vacuoles — an knack that could include the radioactive isotope strontium 90.
Biology at the
subcellular level can be likened to a dance: Proteins, lipids, sugars and other molecules follow specific steps to sustain the energy needs, respiration and reproduction
of life.
protected animals»); studies on in vitro systems (whole perfused organs, tissue slices, cell and tissue cultures, and
subcellular fractions); and human studies (including estimations
of occupational and environmental exposure, postmarketing surveillance, epidemiology, and the ethical and strictly controlled use
of human volunteers).
Resolving the spatial distribution
of the human proteome at a
subcellular level greatly increases our understanding
of human biology and disease.
Characterizing the distribution
of individual proteins at a
subcellular level provides important clues to the pathways and processes in which these proteins are involved.
A high - resolution map
of the human cell has been generated — part
of the Human Protein Atlas database — that provides the in situ localization
of 12,036 human proteins at a single - cell level, covering 30
subcellular structures, and enabling 14 major organelle proteomes to be defined.
«At the same time, it's clear that forming memories involves some very high - order neural processing and other things at the
subcellular level in order to store the large amount
of information you memorize.
Her research is at the interface between bioimaging and proteomics, and aims to define the spatiotemporal organization
of the human proteome at a
subcellular level in an effort to understand how variations and deviations in localization contribute to cellular function as well as disease.
The authors
of this study combined live cell imaging with electron microscopy to observe Trichoplax feeding behavior at scales ranging from the whole animal to
subcellular.
With its ability to monitor cell function, PET is the archetype
of the new tools that can monitor our bodies at the cellular or even
subcellular scale, says Bruce Hillman
of the American College
of Radiology Image Metrix.
Importantly, they observed a significant disruption
of the assembly
of the axon initial segment (AIS), a
subcellular structure in the proximal part
of the axon important for clustering
of ion channels, and thus, for neurons to fire action potentials.
In the April issue
of Experimental Biology and Medicine a multidisciplinary research team led by Drs. Rex Gaskins and Paul Kenis in the Institute
of Genomic Biology (IGB) on the campus
of the University
of Illinois Urbana - Champaign describe their recent work on
subcellular redox homeostasis.
In evolutionary convergence, two genetically unrelated organisms evolve similar traits, and biologists at Heidelberg University have now uncovered an example
of convergence at the
subcellular level in unicellular organisms and cnidarians.
«Our investigation leads us to conclude that exceptional and extreme cases
of convergence exist at the
subcellular level,» stresses Prof. Holstein.
We demonstrated the technique on 20 different biological processes spanning four orders
of magnitude in space and time, including the binding kinetics
of single Sox2 transcription factor molecules, 3D superresolution photoactivated localization microscopy
of nuclear lamins, dynamic organelle rearrangements and 3D tracking
of microtubule plus ends during mitosis, neutrophil motility in a collagen mesh, and
subcellular protein localization and dynamics during embryogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster.
The researchers gathered single cells
of warnowiids off the coasts
of B.C. and Japan, sequenced their genomes, and analyzed how the eyes are built using new methods in electron microscopy that allow the reconstruction
of three dimensional structures at the
subcellular level.
Korenberg's team is developing a 3D coordinate system to align various types
of neuroimaging data in the macaque brain, from whole - brain MRI connectivity to single - cell confocal data and, for some areas,
subcellular resolution with electron microscopy.
The American Journal
of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology focuses on the physiology
of the heart, blood vessels and lymphatics, including experimental and theoretical studies
of cardiovascular function at all levels
of organization ranging from the intact animal to the cellular,
subcellular and molecular levels.
Molecular,
subcellular and cellular studies in whole animals or humans; and novel molecular, immunological or biophysical studies
of hormone action are also featured.
Another technique pinpoints the locations
of proteins within their
subcellular context by coupling super-resolution imaging with electron microscopy.
This technique allows us to capture images
of biological processes, for instance to trace individual tumor cells in mice for several weeks at
subcellular resolution.
A major restructuring
of the knowledge portal has been done with the release
of four separate sub-atlases; Normal tissue atlas,
Subcellular atlas, Cell line atlas and Cancer atlas, and RNA transcript data has been added for a majority
of the tissues in the normal tissue atlas and the cells in the cell line atlas.
Our technological expertise ranges from the most fundamental approaches to study membrane transport in lymphocytes and dendritic cells (
subcellular compartmentalization, intravital microscopy, phagosomal functions), the systematic analysis
of gene expression and it regulation (RNAseq, Chip Seq, proteomics) and physiological and pathological immune responses (mouse models for cancer immunity, immunomodulation / vaccination, human clinical studies in cancer).