In an earlier posting, I pointed out the striking change in altitude of samples at this site, with 13th century samples averaging from an altitude of about 310 m. (NATO 1996, Figure 4, top panel), while modern samples all come from between 200 and 250 m. Briffa says that the elevations
of the subfossil cores are known precisely, but not the modern cores (p. 35).
I have requested elevations
of the subfossil cores without any success.
«The systematic collection
of subfossil wood samples was begun, in 1982, in the basins of the Khadytayakha, Yadayakhodyyakha and Tanlovayakha rivers in southern Yamal in the region located between 67 ° 009 and 67 ° 509 N and 68 ° 309 and 71 ° 009 E».
This should have been reported in the article, together with an explanation of why they didn't use it, letting reviewers and readers decide for themselves whether CRU was justified in using less than 8 %
of the subfossil data.
We do, however, have information about the time - span
of the subfossil samples — and if we align these by the year of the last - ring in each sample it can highlight periods of enhanced mortality.
[37] Radiocarbon dating
of subfossil or fossil European (Belgium, the Netherlands, Sweden, the United Kingdom) coastal remains confirms this, with whaling the possible cause.
She has been particularly fortunate to have material borrowed from the Duke University Primate Center's excellent collection
of subfossil materials.
Not exact matches
This starting point in Crowley's study reveals a contrast
of lemur mobility between
subfossil and living species.
When Alter first had the idea to trace the history
of gray whales from
subfossils in the early 2000s, she quickly hit a major snag; gray whale
subfossils are hard to come by.
Then in 2005, she met evolutionary biologist Michael Hofreiter, then at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, who shared some extraordinary news: Dutch trawlers raking the mud
of the North Sea dredged up a cache
of gray whale
subfossils, the largest ever discovered.
It holds ribs the size
of small logs and 6 - foot - long mandibles — modern bones similar to the
subfossils Alter has studied.
For years, Alter and her colleagues have meticulously reconstructed the history
of the species using
subfossils — ancient bones that, unlike true fossils, are not yet fully mineralized and still contain minute traces
of DNA.
He's like «Mr.
Subfossil Bird Bones» (and a lot
of other
subfossil animals, but especially birds — and especially island birds).
Anderung C, Danise S, Glover AG, Higgs ND, Jonsson L, Sabin R, Dahlgren TG (2014) A Swedish
subfossil find
of a bowhead whale from the late Pleistocene: shore displacement, paleoecology in south - west Sweden and the identity
of the Swedenborg whale (Balaena swedenborgii Liljeborg, 1867).
[38][39] Similarly, radiocarbon dating
of American east coastal
subfossil remains confirm that gray whales existed there at least through the 17th century.
The
subfossil remains
of now extinct gray whales from the Atlantic coasts
of England and Sweden were used by Gray to make the first scientific description
of a species then surviving only in Pacific waters.
And, in any event, this has nothing to do with CRU's failure to even disclose the existence
of 1021 crossdated
subfossil trees from the two early transects.
CRU's Failure to Use or Disclose the Shiyatov Dataset In a recent CA post, I observed that Shiyatov had crossdated 1021
subfossil trees from his 1968 and 1983 transects plus hundreds
of living trees, from which the samples sent to Schweingruber were a minute subset.
I'm guessing that most
of the ancient
subfossil stuff that Baillie and Co. have harvested comes from parks and preserves, not private land, and that requires a permit.
In other words he was carting off sizeable chunks
of the Emerald Isle
subfossil history for study at the University
of Belfast.
Tree - ring width (and limited density [Luckman and Wilson, 2005]-RRB- data derived from living and
subfossil wood
of coniferous tree species were compiled from 66 high - elevation and latitudinal treeline North American and Eurasian sites.
Low number
of used for reconstruction
subfossil series is explained by standardisation method («corridor method»).
As to reliability
of recent increase in tree growth — we have updated our data using many additional
subfossil and living trees and using RCS - method.
Two sets
of correlations are shown: one based only on the
subfossil series and the other including the living tree material whose precise elevations are not known and have been set here to a constant elevation
of 250 m. None
of the correlations is significant indicating that there is little evidence for an elevation influence on ring density and hence little age - dependent bias in the temperature reconstruction arising out
of the differences in sample heights shown in Figure 4.»
Even in a long chronology (i.e., including
subfossil data), this effect will bias the start and end
of the RCS chronology.
If I'm reading page 718
of the H & S 2002 paper correctly, the
subfossil Yamal trees were sampled by sawing all the way through the trunks, not by coring.
Thousand years
of climate change reconstructed from chironomid
subfossils preserved in varved lake Silvaplana, Engadine, Switzerland.
The sources
of these data are living trees, dead dry wood and
subfossil logs that were recovered from small lakes.