The cortex is highly complex and made up of many densely interconnected structures, but when you strip it down, is organized into a small number
of subnetworks,» said senior author Hongwei Dong of the USC Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics.
Not exact matches
Several other structures located along the side
of the brain form two lateral
subnetworks, one
of which potentially serves to regulate the internal status
of the body (i.e. taste, hunger, visceral information) and the other as a «mega-integration»
subnetwork that allows the interaction
of information from nearly the entire cortex.
The researchers identified the brain
subnetworks based on their high degree
of interconnectivity — though relatively independent, several structures provide communication routes through which the
subnetworks interact.
It also allowed them to reliably see patterns: the seemingly inscrutable mass
of connections in the cerebral cortex is highly organized, consisting
of eight distinct
subnetworks that are relatively segregated.
«The systematic and comprehensive manner in which the data were collected lent itself to a detailed analysis through which these
subnetworks emerged,» explained co-lead author Houri Hintiryan
of the USC Laboratory
of Neuro Imaging.
Two other
subnetworks are made up
of structures located along the midline
of the cerebral cortex.
These medial
subnetworks seem devoted to the integration
of visual, auditory and somatic sensory information, according to the study.
Four
of the eight identified
subnetworks in the mouse cortex relate to sensation and movement
of the body, what the researchers dub somatic sensorimotor.
How these
subnetworks interact will provide a crucial baseline from which to better understand diseases
of «disconnection» such as autism and Alzheimer's Disease, in which the manifestations
of symptoms are potentially a result
of disordered or damaged connections.
Researchers have identified eight distinct neural
subnetworks that together form the connectivity infrastructure
of the mammalian cortex, the part
of the brain involved in higher - order functions such as cognition, emotion and consciousness.
The web
of complements to a good forms a mutually self - reinforcing and cross-reinforcing
subnetwork that enhances its own economic growth.
UNC scientists conduct seminal experiments to unveil how early - in - life visual experiences — simply trying to see — sculpt a particular
subnetwork of brain circuitry we need in order to see properly.
As we have done to elucidate complex diseases, 6 for each projection on the blood causal network structure, we identified the largest connected
subnetworks comprising genes directly connected to the projected module genes, resulting in the identification
of relaxation - and meditation - specific
subnetworks (Figure 3).
The
subnetwork depicted is the largest connected subgraph comprising nodes within a path length
of one
of the projected nodes.
Of the 914 genes in the brown, pink, purple and red modules that map to the Bayesian network, 648 are in the 924 - gene vacation
subnetwork, a 6.1-fold enrichment over what would be expected by chance (Fisher exact test P < 1e − 300).
Taken together with recent observations that the DMN contains functionally heterogeneous subdivisions, it is presently unclear whether these seeds map to different DMN
subnetworks, whose patterns
of anti-correlation may differ.
Here, we separately investigated the modulation
of 3 default mode
subnetworks, as identified with group independent component analysis, by comparing Alzheimer's disease patients to healthy controls and by assessing connectivity changes over time.
In this study, they examined anti-correlations
of different
subnetworks within the DMN during rest using both seed - based and point process analyses, and discovered that: (1) the ventral branch
of the DMN (vDMN) yielded significantly weaker anti-correlations than that associated with the dorsal branch
of the DMN (dDMN); (2) vDMN anti-correlations introduced by GSR were distinct from dDMN anti-correlations; (3) PCC / precuneus seeds employed by earlier studies mapped to different DMN
subnetworks, which may explain some
of the inconsistency (in addition to preprocessing steps) in the reported DMN anti-correlations.
We favor the novel term TAE over task - activation network because the literature increasingly supports a separation
of this TAE into at least two distinct
subnetworks.
A sharded network would be partitioned into different
subnetworks, or shards, with transactions processed only by the subset
of nodes in a shard.