It is also quite interesting to note that you by introducing a stable climate in the sense of smooth - response actually do remove the threat
of sudden climate changes.
Farmers now get an alert on their mobile phones
of sudden climate variations that can harm their crops.
The extension of meteorological modelling (good for 7 to 10 days) toward regional forecasting (hopefully good for up to 30 days) and applied over interlocking areas of the Earth's surface and stratosphere, would be most useful for humanity in its quest to ameliorate the effects
of sudden climate change.
Juakola — Thanks for the provocative reference, and its description of the nature, magnitude, and unpredictability
of sudden climate changes.
Regarding your response # 2, there are numerous examples
of sudden climate transitions of different spatial and temporal time scales.
Not exact matches
«At some point, the cost
of capture intersects with the cost
of carbon, and all
of a
sudden you don't have to subsidize industry to do it,» explains Rob Savage, director
of Alberta Environment's
Climate Change Secretariat.
What set this in motion is uncertain, but we think it has something to do with major climatic shifts that were happening around that time — a
sudden cooling in the Earth's
climate driven by the onset
of one
of the worst parts
of the last Ice Age.
Using the language
of evangelicalism, he has described his new - found adherence to the warming worriers as a religious conversion, a moment
of sudden enlightenment which overcame him at an alarming presentation by Sir John Houghton, first chair
of the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change, in England in 2002.
The immediate reasons for the low expectations
of England are well - trodden, but to quickly recap: the
sudden resignation
of Fabio Capello and the timescale for locating his replacement; the reported fissures in the squad stemming from the pending court case against John Terry; the litany
of injuries that denied Hodgson the services
of, among others, Jack Wilshere, Gareth Barry, Kyle Walker, Frank Lampard, and Gary Cahill; the
climate created by the cries
of knicker - twisted horror that arose from various
of the commentariat at the appointment
of Not Harry Redknapp; and Wayne Rooney's two - game suspension.
Statistical analysis revealed a pattern: Each documented introduction
of plague in Europe was preceded by a significant
climate event in Asia, such as a
sudden shift in the annual monsoon pattern in the mid-14th century, which pushed the northern border
of activity from China to Siberia.
But, says Axel Timmermann, a professor
of oceanography at the University
of Hawaii at Manoa, «None
of these snapshots were able to capture abrupt
climate change and transition,» thereby making them less useful for predicting coming
sudden shifts.
This means that the
sudden appearance
of rangeomorphs at large size could have been a direct result
of major changes in
climate and ocean chemistry.
A
sudden halt to the use
of such methods, due to issues such as major negative effects, would also lead to rapid
climate change, to which ecosystems and societies would have difficulty in adapting.
The resulting outburst
of methane produced effects similar to those predicted by current models
of global
climate change: a
sudden, extreme rise in temperatures, combined with acidification
of the oceans.
Climate changes that began ~ 17,700 years ago included a
sudden poleward shift in westerly winds encircling Antarctica with corresponding changes in sea ice extent, ocean circulation, and ventilation
of the deep ocean.
For the
climate - related causes
of food shocks, the researchers analyzed rainfall, temperature and — importantly — the international prices
of food, including
sudden increases in prices.
Scientists have speculated about famine, warfare,
climate change, epidemics, invasion and even mass suicide to explain the
sudden collapse
of the Maya civilisation, but no one has ever found a convincing explanation.
Sudden shifts in
climate occurred at the end
of the last ice age, according to American researchers studying sediments from the bed
of a dry lake in New Mexico.
Researchers
of the Senckenberg Biodiversity and
Climate Research Centre, the Goethe University in Frankfurt and the University
of Toronto have now detected evidence
of this oceanographic event and an earlier
sudden sea - level rise in the fossils
of tiny calcifying marine algae preserved in seafloor sediments in the Aegean Sea.
And with a turn
of climate in 1214, those resources may have been in
sudden abundance.
The jist
of this is that we must NOT suddenly switch off carbon / sulphur producing industries over the planet but instead we must first dramatically reduce CO2 emissions from every conceivable source, then gradually tackle coal / fossil fuel sources to smoothly remove the soot from the air to prevent a
sudden leap in average global temps which if it is indeed 2.75 C as the UNEP predicts will permanently destroy the
climates ability to regulate itself and lead to catastrophic changes on the land and sea.
While it's true methane is not YET tipping us toward a
sudden change
of climate — it has more than enough potential to do so.
The whole
of the last several million years has been a classic two state
climate, oscillating between ice ages and warm periods, with
sudden changes between the two.
We were driving down the road and all the
sudden a puff
of smoke came from ignition area, and the
climate control stopped working.
For this exhibition, a
sudden and peculiar pleasure, a feeling
of protection, Lovey Town has become a hideout for tenderness amidst a shifting, scary social and psychological
climate in our world.
The Baths» conditions act to disrupt the narrative flow
of the drama so that scenes play out in fits and starts, to incite a profound level
of disorientation and to conjure memory where notions
of time and space become confused — past historical events and
climates arrive in the present much like a
sudden change in the weather.
As you point out other studies agree with the MBH study so I would have thought what amounts to a
sudden global
climate shift would be
of major interest to
climate scientists everywhere yet one sees relatively little written about it.
1965 At a Boulder, Colo., meeting on the causes
of climate change, Lorenz and others point out the chaotic nature
of the
climate system and the possiblity
of sudden shifts.
Observations show chaotic behavior
of the
climate system on all time scales, including
sudden regime transitions, as we documented in Rial, J., R.A. Pielke Sr., M. Beniston, M. Claussen, J. Canadell, P. Cox, H. Held, N. de Noblet - Ducoudre, R. Prinn, J. Reynolds, and J.D. Salas, 2004: Nonlinearities, feedbacks and critical thresholds within the Earth's
climate system.
I think some further explanation
of the statement, «Observations show chaotic behavior
of the
climate system on all time scales, including
sudden regime transitions» is warranted.
In terms
of how we are altering the
climate, it is these
sudden transitions that we need to understand, rather than focus so much
of our resources on assessments
of the global averaged temperature trend.
It supports the hockey - stick representation
of shallow fluctuations
of climate over the past 1000 years and points to the
sudden «unprecedented» increase in 20th century temperatures as evidence that increased CO2 levels are the main contributory factor.
On the other hand, there is no reason to believe that the Walker circulation should change smoothly as a function
of climate forcings; perhaps the potential for change builds up over many years, and manifests itself all
of a
sudden, in the fashion
of an avalanche.
The
sudden release
of large amounts
of natural gas from methane clathrate deposits in runaway
climate change could be a cause
of past, future, and present
climate changes.
As can be seen, people adapt themselves to local / regional
climate, but feel the impact
of sudden changes either way out.
For a 60 - year cycle, if the forcing appeared very quickly, effectively as a step change, this
sudden appearance would give the
climate all
of the 30 - year half - cycle
of BNO (R) to react, 30 - years to create the 0.31 °C change in temperature.
The whole
of the last several million years has been a classic two state
climate, oscillating between ice ages and warm periods, with
sudden changes between the two.
Any abrupt release
of concentrated CO2 could have serious impacts on those exposed, as well as contributing a
sudden spike
of CO2 to
climate.
Such a dramatic shift in a
climate pattern would constitute what
climate scientists call a tipping point: a
sudden shift from one predictable pattern
of weather to another.
However, a major
sudden cold event did probably occur under global
climate conditions similar to those
of the present, during the Eemian interglacial, around 122,000 years ago.
The Science March on April 22, and the
Climate March a week later, are examples
of a much larger and growing movement opposing the
sudden and unexpected rise in power and influence
of a group
of people who play fast and loose with the truth.
Climate - change deniers aren't quite on the same page yet — perhaps the
sudden announcement
of the agreement prevented them from huddling with their messaging team.
UMFULA is focussing on opportunities for anticipatory adaptation practices that will enable Malawi to deal with some
of the shocks (
sudden events) and stressors (long term trends)
of climate change.
Sudden climate transitions during the Quaternary Abstract The time span
of the past few million years has been punctuated by many rapid
climate transitions, most
of them on time scales
of centuries to decades or even less.
The record tally
of tornadoes in 2011 had people wondering then whether
climate change was to blame, and the
sudden dearth
of the storms has people again wondering the same thing.
Mr. Watts, While there has been some talk
of sudden changes in the weather,
climate etc — I feel drawn to say that you really do set an impossible standard for the rest
of us.
We can think
of this as
sudden climate brake and steering failure where the problem and its consequences are no longer something we can control.»
As the Migration Policy Institute elaborates in an article examining the complexities
of climate change and migration, a weather - related event — whether it's gradual glacial melting or a
sudden superstorm like Sandy — can increase pressures on land, food, and water resources.
Michael Mann, another prominent
climate scientist, recently said
of the unexpectedly
sudden Atlantic slowdown, «This is yet another example
of where observations suggest that
climate model predictions may be too conservative when it comes to the pace at which certain aspects
of climate change are proceeding.»
«But with the polar bears, all
of a
sudden you could see the results
of climate change.»