The Brazilian president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, also came to Rome to defend his country's cultivation
of sugarcane ethanol.
If imports
of sugarcane ethanol are merely going to cut down on corn ethanol consumption / production, then it seems that the removal of the trade barrier would be a neutral / good thing.
However, if imports
of sugarcane ethanol require that Americans purchase additional ethanol relative to a baseline with the tariff, then an argument could be made for keeping the tariff.
So no, the energy balance
of sugarcane ethanol is not in fact better than that for gasoline.
In the case
of sugarcane ethanol, a lot of energy inputs are required, especially for purifying the ethanol, but those inputs are being satisfied by burning the sugarcane ethanol residues to produce process heat.
Not exact matches
Much
of the ETBE used in Japan is already made in the United States using Brazilian
sugarcane ethanol, so the new rules should make it easy for producers to switch quickly to U.S. corn - based sources.
The U.S. is drunk on
ethanol — but whether it is made from corn or
sugarcane, the crop - derived biofuel raises a host
of questions
In Brazil — a country
of 188 million people with the world's 14th largest economy — about 40 percent
of the fuel burned in passenger vehicles is
ethanol derived from
sugarcane.
Brazil, on the other hand, has managed to provide 40 percent
of its transportation fuel from
sugarcane - derived
ethanol and helped develop the flex - fuel technology that now allows drivers in the U.S. to switch between gasoline and the biofuel.
Both Brazilian
sugarcane farmers who turn excess to
ethanol and Chinese city dwellers who enjoy hot tea thanks to solar water heaters don't realize it but they are at the forefront
of what an international panel
of scientists hopes the future will look like.
By turning crops such as corn,
sugarcane and palm oil into biofuels — whether
ethanol, biodiesel, or something else — proponents hope to reap the benefits
of the carbon soaked up as the plants grow to offset the carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted when the resulting fuel is burned.
Max Shauck, chair
of the Baylor Institute for Air Science (who flew an
ethanol - powered prop plane at air shows in the 1980s), has converted at least 1,000 such aircraft in Brazil, a country that has weaned itself from foreign oil by embracing
ethanol domestically produced from
sugarcane.
Data collection was performed from January to May 2011, and the analyses took place before, during and after a sharp fluctuation in
ethanol prices — owing to macroeconomic factors such as the international price
of sugar (Brazilian
ethanol is made from
sugarcane)-- leading consumers to switch motor fuels in São Paulo City.
A key issue is the conversion
of existing corn
ethanol and
sugarcane ethanol facilities into integrated cellulose / starch / sugar production facilities.
Integrating cellulose and traditional
ethanol production from starch or
sugarcane is the most rapidly scalable approach to the large - scale production
of cellulosic
ethanol.
Other targets announced by Rousseff include 12 million hectares
of reforestation, 5 million hectares
of crops - livestock - forestry integration, the end
of illegal deforestation, and meeting 45 %
of the country's energy needs with renewables — up from a 40 % share today — largely thanks to hydroelectricity and
sugarcane ethanol.
As someone that has spent a fair amount
of time looking at the GHG impacts
of ethanol from a LCA perspective, I think everyone is in agreement that corn is the least beneficial, while
sugarcane and cellulosic are the most promisisng.
Competitiveness
of Brazilian
Sugarcane Ethanol Compared to U.S. Corn
Ethanol, Christine Crago, Madhu Khanna, Jason Barton, Eduardo Giuliani, Weber Amaral, Social Science Research Network, August 17, 2010.
Especially in South America,
sugarcane (which is what is actually farmed) is trading more and more like an oil proxy because
of the significant use
of sugar
ethanol as a fuel substitute.
Brazilians meet much
of their motor fuel needs with
ethanol from
sugarcane; on a smaller scale also in India.
He's terrible on trade, supporting maintenance
of the tariff on imported Brazilian
ethanol made from
sugarcane, and has pushed for a dramatic expansion
of the subsidies for
ethanol production in this country.
Setting aside the fact that in many cases clean energy competes on its own merits — for instance in the case
of well ‐ situated wind farms and Brazilian
sugarcane ethanol — this analysis shows that the global direct subsidy for fossil fuels is around ten times the subsidy for renewables.
The post doesn't mention the new road to the Pacific or the
ethanol plant and
sugarcane plantations; or the planned road from Cruzeiro do Sul, Brazil to Pulcallpa, Peru and the multiple big hydro - energy dam constructions it will support; or the new Peruvian oil leases in indigenous reserves; or the BR$ 35 million worth
of oil exploration in the Juruá watershed in Acre; or the Madeira River complex
of big hydroelectric projects in Rondonia near Bolivia.
Brazil's
sugarcane - based
ethanol program is «appropriate for replication in many countries,» writes José Goldemberg, secretary
of the environment for the Brazilian state
of São Paulo, in a perspective article in this week's issue
of the journal Science.
South America's largest country is the world's reigning
ethanol king, producing 4.4 billion gallons (16.5 billion liters)
of the biofuel from
sugarcane each year, on average.
(05/01/2013) Intensification
of Brazil's
sugarcane industry in response to rising demand for sugar - based
ethanol could have impacts on the regional climate reports a new study by researchers from Arizona State University, Stanford University and the Carnegie Institution for Science.
Despite that, I believe
sugarcane ethanol is a good option for mitigating a portion
of our fossil fuel usage because it is renewable, and it lacks the negative externalities
of fossil fuels.
If I had done the energy accounting as is done with
sugarcane ethanol, one could state that the energy return
of gasoline is actually only the initial energy required to get the oil out
of the ground, which averages about 17/1 worldwide.
Fast - growing
sugarcane on highly fertile land in Brazil, for example, converts only around 0.5 percent
of incoming solar radiation into sugar, and only around 0.2 percent ultimately into
ethanol.
Green house gases emissions in the production and use
of ethanol from
sugarcane in Brazil: The 2005/2006 averages and a prediction for 2020
By the time you harvest Brazilian
sugarcane by hand, burn it for production power, burn what's left over in the field, ship it from refineries to the dock, load it onto ocean going ships burning bunker, the dirtiest fuel available, then ship it thousands
of miles to terminals in California and distribute it to retail outlets — It's Not going to be environmentally superior to shipping American
ethanol from the Corn Belt.
Intensification
of Brazil's
sugarcane industry in response to rising demand for sugar - based
ethanol could have impacts on the regional climate reports a new study by researchers from Arizona State University,...
Currently the cost and performance
of ethanol in terms
of CO2 emissions avoided is unfavourable, except for production from
sugarcane in low - wage countries (Figure TS.16)(medium agreement, medium evidence)[5.3.1].
Bioethenol — Bioethenol is
ethanol derived from the fermentation
of plant matter (such as corn, switchgrass, grains or
sugarcane).
This study shows Brazilian
sugarcane ethanol could displace up to 13 %
of global crude oil consumption by 2045 whilst balancing forest conservation and future land demand for food.
Next up, Brazil, a land
of cars running on flex fuels using
sugarcane ethanol; then it's on to the gas - guzzling city
of Houston, which under the leadership
of Mayor Annise Parker is working to support e-vehicles and get fifty percent
of its power from wind by 2030.
Ethanol, or ethyl alcohol, is a type
of biofuel produced from organic matter like corn,
sugarcane, grasses, agricultural waste, and even garbage.
Burning
sugarcane ethanol instead
of petroleum leads to a 60 to 80 percent decrease in greenhouse gases, says Renninger.
Brazil is attractive to Amyris because it is the second - largest producer
of ethanol in the world; while the company will make hydrocarbons, not
ethanol, it will use the country's existing infrastructure for growing and processing
sugarcane.
Indonesia, the world's largest producer
of palm oil, and Brazil, one
of the most successful places where
ethanol has been produced from
sugarcane, have agreed to
Complete Ingredients: Soap nut extract, natural (saccharodial) surfactants based on corn, potatoes and
sugarcane, pure vegetable soap from controlled organic cultivation, fatty alcohol sulphates
of coconut oil,
ethanol, wheat proteins, citric acid, eucalyptus and verbena oil from controlled organic cultivation, sodium salt
of succinic acid, benzyl alcohol, water.
«Our government pays to subsidize corn - based
ethanol even as it collects tariffs that prevent consumers from benefiting from other kinds
of ethanol, such as
sugarcane - based
ethanol from Brazil,» he said.
(Note that the study did not look at first generation biofuels made from tropical crops like
sugarcane or sweet sorghum which reduce emissions far more than corn
ethanol; for
sugarcane ethanol, the reduction is as large as that
of cellulosic biofuels, earlier post.)
Brazil's widely know for running a whole heck
of a lot
of cars on
sugarcane - based
ethanol.