Sentences with phrase «of sulfur dioxide as»

The EPA estimates that in 2012, the Sapphire Princess, an Alaska Cruise Lines vessel, produced the same amount of sulfur dioxide as 13.1 million cars in a single day.

Not exact matches

Much of this fine particle pollution comes from electric power plants, either directly or as pollutants such as sulfur dioxide that chemically evolve downwind of the plant.

Not only can cruise ships generate the same amount of sulfur dioxide fumes as 13.1 million cars in a day, but they also dump boatloads of noxious bilge water into the ocean.

It has also reduced 90 percent of harmful pollutants such as mercury, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, ozone and particulate matter.

There, temperatures climbed as high as 42 °C, and an acid rain — caused by sulfur dioxide fumes from the volcano — occasionally lashed the upper reaches of the mountain.

«When you look at a satellite picture of sulfur dioxide, you end up with it appearing as hotspots — bull's - eyes, in effect — which makes the estimates of emissions easier.»

Current, sulfur dioxide monitoring activities include the use of emission inventories that are derived from ground - based measurements and factors, such as fuel usage.

Prior to an eruption, gases — water vapor, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide — bubble out of the magma as it rises, adding more pressure to the volcanic system, she explains.

The pollution is generally a mixture of gases — such as carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides — and particulate matter, microscopic solids or droplets that can be inhaled into the lungs.

«These effects include wasted resources, foregone revenue and outsized emissions of carbon dioxide as well as local pollutants such as sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides.

As is common around the country, New York State's Department of Environmental Conservation routinely monitors the levels of ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulates in the air.

With many sources of pollution in some parts of the world, however, air pollution also can contain a mix of hazardous gaseous molecules, such as carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, sulfur dioxide and other volatile organic compounds.

They analyzed ozone measurements taken from weather balloons and satellites, as well as satellite measurements of sulfur dioxide emitted by volcanoes, which can also enhance ozone depletion.

There, the sulfur dioxide rapidly combined with readily available hydroxide gas — which, in liquid form, is commonly known as hydrogen peroxide — to form more than 100 million tons of sulfuric acid.

He wonders whether megaplumes carry the gases of an eruption, such as carbon dioxide and methane and helium 3, as well as minerals such as sulfur and iron, to upper layers of the ocean where most plant and animal life resides.

They calculate that, around 3.9 billion years ago, erupting volcanoes emitted huge quantities of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere, which eventually settled and dissolved in water as sulfidic anions — specifically, sulfites and bisulfites.

Using spectral readings from telescopes at the Keck Observatory in Hawaii, Hand has found high levels of oxidative chemicals such as sulfate, oxygen, sulfur dioxide and hydrogen peroxide on Europa's surface, which are produced as ionizing radiation from Jupiter scours it, splitting apart water molecules and sulfur compounds in the uppermost layers of its ice.

According to a World Bank report on environmental conditions in 21st - century China, a resident of Beijing is subjected to about seven times more particulates than a resident of Los Angeles and about eight times as much sulfur dioxide.

The precursors of acid rain formation result from both natural sources, such as volcanoes and decaying vegetation, and human - made sources, primarily emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide resulting from fossil fuel combustion.

In the United States, roughly two - thirds of all sulfur dioxide and a quarter of all nitrogen oxide come from electric power generation that relies on burning fossil fuels, such as coal.

The oceans will boil away and the atmosphere will dry out as water vapor leaks into space, and temperatures will soar past 700 degrees Fahrenheit, all of which will transform our planet into a Venusian hell - scape choked with thick clouds of sulfur and carbon dioxide.

Jet engine exhaust contains carbon dioxide, oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, unburned fuel, soot and metal particles, as well as water vapor.

«It is therefore reasonable to expect that precipitation extremes will continue to intensify,» although how much is still a mystery, largely thanks to an unclear understanding of the atmospheric impact of how tiny flecks of pollution in the atmosphere — known as aerosols to scientists and comprising materials ranging from soot to sulfur dioxide.

I criticized this statement, noting that the actual emissions from U.S. coal - burning power plants declined only from 16.1 million tons to 12.4 million tons between 1980 and 1998 in the case of sulfur dioxide and from 6.1 million tons to 5.4 million tons between 1980 and 1998 in the case of nitrogen oxides (mostly emitted as NO, not NO2, but by convention measured as tons of NO2 - equivalent).

The policy document also set new targets for the closure of coal - fired heating systems as well as the installation of equipment to reduce sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions at power stations, steel mills and cement plants.

«Living downwind of coal - fired power plant could increase risk of low birth weight: Study found that babies born during 1990 - 2006 to mothers living as far as 20 to 30 miles away from proven emitter of sulfur dioxide emissions had 6.5 percent greater risk of low birth weight and 17.12 percent greater risk of very low birth weight.»

Specifically, two petitions filed by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) with the EPA against a Pennsylvania power plant — the Portland Generating Station (PGS)-- show that sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions from the plant have reached four New Jersey counties as far as 20 to 30 miles away.

The specialized instruments onboard the aircraft sampled the plume for aerosol particle size distribution and composition as well as concentrations of pollutant gases such as sulfur dioxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

Usnea lapponica is an example of this as it is especially sensitive to sulfur dioxide, a by - product from combustion of petroleum and coal.

In particular, aircraft jet engines produce carbon dioxide (CO2), water vapor (H2O), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of sulfur (SOx), unburned or partially combusted hydrocarbons (also known as volatile organic compounds, or VOCs), particulates, and other trace compounds.

With the activated carbon layer embedded in the media, this filter easily bonds pollutant gases such as sulfur dioxide, ozone and fuel vapors in the pores of the activated carbon,...

For the past ten years the plant has been operating without the level of emissions controls to limit sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions as stipulated in the Clean Air Act.

Once we adopt the perspective that it is unacceptable to use the atmosphere as a sewer, we will address issues related to all sorts of emissions: sulfur, black carbon, methane, carbon dioxide, etc..

Of course, this does not mean that aerosols such as sulfur dioxide do not have negative effects on the environment.

The estimated benefits do not include a significant number of ancillary and un ‐ quantified benefits, such as the reduction of co ‐ pollutants (particularly sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide), the prevention of species extinction, and lower maintenance costs for energy infrastructure.

Facilities that fall under the CAA for major emissions of non-greenhouse gases such as sulfur dioxide or nitrous oxide may be required to take steps to control not only these pollutants, but also greenhouse gas emissions.

Over months of contentious debate, while the Waxman - Markey bill and subsequent Senate action were being considered, millions of Americans were introduced for the first time to the phrase «cap and trade,» a regulatory approach that first came to prominence in the 1990s as the centerpiece of a national program to address the threat of acid rain by limiting emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2), primarily from electric power plants.

But China also emits a significant amount of GHGs besides carbon dioxide — methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons, sulfur hexafluoride and nitrogen trifluoride — collectively referred to as non-CO2 GHG emissions.

The benefits of the Clean Air Act have typically far outweighed the costs: According to EPA estimates, a proposal to rein in smog - causing sulfur - dioxide and nitrogenoxide would cost polluters $ 2.8 billion per year by 2014, while providing as much as $ 290 billion in health benefits to the broader public (including 21,000 fewer cases of bronchitis, 23,000 fewer heart attacks, and up to 36,000 lives saved).

The project will provide enough energy to power 4,500 Long Island home and abate 30,000 tons of carbon dioxide as well as sulfur and nitrogen dioxide emis

The $ 30 million overhaul was made without installing, as required under the New Source Review requirements of the Clean Air Act, the best available technology to minimize emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides — pollutants that harm human health by contributing to heart attacks, breathing problems, and other health problems, the suit alleges.

The reliability of supply provided by our nation's network of storage and distribution facilities has contributed to the increased use of natural gas in many sectors of the U.S. economy, which has led to reductions in air emissions — ranging from criteria pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, to greenhouse gases.

In fact, some of the progress reining in air pollution, such as the sulfur dioxide (SO2) coming out of smoke stacks, leads to serious climate tradeoffs.

«As we clean up the energy sector's carbon dioxide, we also clean it up for [other pollutants like] sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides,» which have been linked to respiratory diseases, says David Hawkins, director of climate programs at the Natural Resources Defense Council.

Steadily improving air pollution controls have sent sulfur dioxide emissions from U.S. coal - fired power plants tumbling by more than 40 % and particulate emissions (the alleged cause of asthma) by more than 90 % since 1970, says air quality expert Joel Schwartz, even as coal use tripled.

While the EPA has, under the Clean Air Act put federal limits on toxic emissions of arsenic, mercury, and lead pollution that power plants emit — as well as on pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides — there are currently no such limits on the carbon emissions from new or existing power plants.

The communities along this corridor have long faced health impacts and pollution from these refineries, and the pollution is only getting worse as the refineries accept and process tar sands crude, which exposes residents to even greater levels of toxic chemicals, particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, lead, carbon dioxide, and other harmful pollutants.

Better air quality: If the same amount of electricity as that generated by America's 10,000 - MW wind turbine fleet were instead produced using the average utility fuel mix, it would emit 73,000 tons of sulfur dioxide and 27,000 tons of nitrogen oxide per year, as well as other pollutants such as mercury.

The control knob for climate change is the amount of dimming sulfur dioxide aerosol emissions in the atmosphere — the fewer there are, the warmer it gets — and we are reducing them as fast as we can, thanks to the EPA.

The answer is that CO2 is only one of several factors that influence temperature, such as volcanic eruptions, solar variability, sulfur dioxide emissions (see Figure 1), and small changes in the earth's orbit.